CF1473E Minimum Path
- description
- solution
- code
description
题目链接
solution
看到 ∑i=1kwei\sum_{i=1}^kw_{e_i}∑i=1kwei 的式子,就应该联想到最短路
先考虑题目的弱化版,去掉 max,min\text{max},\text{min}max,min 的限制,变成一条路径中的一条边不要花费,一条边花费加倍,再求最短路
贪心地 djikstra\text{djikstra}djikstra 跑最短路,发现是与原题对应的
设 dpi,j,k(j,k∈[0,1])dp_{i,j,k}(j,k\in[0,1])dpi,j,k(j,k∈[0,1]) 表示到 iii 点时,jjj 是否加倍了一条边,kkk 是否不要一条边花费的最短路
则有转移方程:
dpv,j,k=min(dpv,j,k,dpu,j,k+wu,v)dp_{v,j,k}=\min(dp_{v,j,k},dp_{u,j,k}+w_{u,v}) dpv,j,k=min(dpv,j,k,dpu,j,k+wu,v)
dpv,1,k=min(dpv,1,k,dpu,0,k+wu,v∗2)dp_{v,1,k}=\min(dp_{v,1,k},dp_{u,0,k}+w_{u,v}*2) dpv,1,k=min(dpv,1,k,dpu,0,k+wu,v∗2)
dpv,j,1=min(dpv,j,1,dpu,j,0)dp_{v,j,1}=\min(dp_{v,j,1},dp_{u,j,0}) dpv,j,1=min(dpv,j,1,dpu,j,0)
最后答案为 min(dpi,0,0,dpi,1,1)\min(dp_{i,0,0},dp_{i,1,1})min(dpi,0,0,dpi,1,1) 【路径可能只有一条,max,min\text{max},\text{min}max,min 相互抵消】
实际上,也可以理解为把一个点拆成四个点后跑最短路
分别对应不同的操作,先加倍再不要,先不要再加倍
code
#include <queue>
#include <cstdio>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#define int long long
#define maxn 1000005
#define Pair pair < int, int >
priority_queue < Pair, vector < Pair >, greater < Pair > > q;
vector < Pair > G[maxn];
int n, m;
int dis[maxn];
bool vis[maxn];void addedge( int u, int v, int w ) { G[u].push_back( { v, w } ); }signed main() {scanf( "%lld %lld", &n, &m );//分层图 [1,n]表示第一层 [n+1,2n]表示使用加倍层 [2n+1,3n]表示使用不要层 [3n+1,4n]最后转移的结果层 //对应操作是加倍后不要x->x+n->x+3n 不要后加倍x->x+2n->x+3n for( int i = 1, u, v, w;i <= m;i ++ ) {scanf( "%lld %lld %lld", &u, &v, &w );addedge( u, v, w ), addedge( v, u, w );addedge( u + n, v + n, w ), addedge( v + n, u + n, w );addedge( u + n * 2, v + n * 2, w ), addedge( v + n * 2, u + n * 2, w );addedge( u + n * 3, v + n * 3, w ), addedge( v + n * 3, u + n * 3, w );addedge( u, v + n, w * 2 ), addedge( v, u + n, w * 2 ); //加倍 addedge( u, v + n * 2, 0 ), addedge( v, u + n * 2, 0 ); //不要 addedge( u + n, v + n * 3, 0 ), addedge( v + n, u + n * 3, 0 ); //加倍后不要 addedge( u + n * 2, v + n * 3, w * 2 ), addedge( v + n * 2, u + n * 3, w * 2 ); //不要后加倍 }for( int i = 1;i <= ( n << 2 );i ++ ) dis[i] = 1e18;q.push( { dis[1] = 0, 1 } );while( ! q.empty() ) {int u = q.top().second; q.pop();if( vis[u] ) continue;vis[u] = 1;for( int i = 0;i < G[u].size();i ++ ) {int v = G[u][i].first, w = G[u][i].second;if( dis[v] > dis[u] + w ) {dis[v] = dis[u] + w;q.push( { dis[v], v } );}}}for( int i = 2;i <= n;i ++ ) printf( "%lld ", min( dis[i], dis[i + n * 3] ) );return 0;
}