148.排序链表
对链表进行排序最适合的算法就是归并排序:
对链表自顶向下归并排序的过程:
- 找到链表的中点,以中点为分界,将链表拆分成两个子链表,寻找链表的中点可以使用快慢指针的做法,快指针每次移动 2步,慢指针每次移动 1步,当快指针到达链表末尾时,慢指针指向的链表节点即为链表的中点
- 对两个子链表分别排序
- 将两个排序后的子链表合并,得到完整的排序后的链表
上述过程可以通过递归实现。递归的终止条件是链表的节点个数小于或等于 1,即当链表为空或者链表只包含 1个节点时,不需要对链表进行拆分和排序。
/*** Definition for singly-linked list.* public class ListNode {* int val;* ListNode next;* ListNode() {}* ListNode(int val) { this.val = val; }* ListNode(int val, ListNode next) { this.val = val; this.next = next; }* }*/
class Solution {public ListNode sortList(ListNode head) {return sortList(head,null);} public ListNode sortList(ListNode head,ListNode tail){if(head == null){return head;}if(head.next == tail){head.next = null;return head;}ListNode slow = head,fast = head;while(fast != tail){slow = slow.next;fast = fast.next;if(fast!=tail){fast = fast.next;}}ListNode mid = slow;ListNode list1 = sortList(head,mid);ListNode list2= sortList(mid,tail);ListNode sorted = merge(list1,list2);return sorted;}public ListNode merge(ListNode head1,ListNode head2){ //合并两个有序链表ListNode dummy = new ListNode(0);ListNode temp = dummy,temp1 = head1,temp2 = head2;while(temp1 !=null &&temp2 !=null){if(temp1.val <= temp2.val){temp.next = temp1;temp1 = temp1.next;}else{temp.next = temp2;temp2 = temp2.next;}temp = temp.next;}if(temp1!=null){temp.next = temp1;}else if(temp2!=null){temp.next = temp2;}return dummy.next;}
}