SpringBoot请求参数加密、响应参数解密

1.说明

在项目开发工程中，有的项目可能对参数安全要求比较高，在整个http数据传输的过程中都需要对请求参数、响应参数进行加密，也就是说整个请求响应的过程都是加密处理的，不在浏览器上暴露请求参数、响应参数的真实数据。

补充:也可以用于单点登录，在请求参数中添加时间戳，后台解析请求参数对时间戳进行校验，比如当前时间和请求参数中的时间戳相差多少秒、分钟才能进行放行，返回token。这样做的好处在于请求端每次加密之后的密文都是变化的，也能够避免携带相同的报文可以重复的登录。

2.准备工作

1.引入依赖，创建SpringBoot工程

	<dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>cn.hutool</groupId><artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>commons-io</groupId><artifactId>commons-io</artifactId><version>2.11.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>commons-codec</groupId><artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId></dependency><!--swagger--><dependency><groupId>io.springfox</groupId><artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId><version>3.0.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>io.springfox</groupId><artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId><version>3.0.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>io.swagger</groupId><artifactId>swagger-annotations</artifactId><version>1.5.22</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.github.xiaoymin</groupId><artifactId>swagger-bootstrap-ui</artifactId><version>1.8.7</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId><artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId></dependency></dependencies>

3.代码实现

1.定义两个注解

/*** @description: : 请求参数解密*/
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface DecryptionAnnotation {
}/*** @description: 响应参数加密*/
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface EncryptionAnnotation {
}

2.加密解密实现核心代码

DecryptRequestBodyAdvice:请求参数解密，针对post请求

package com.llp.crypto.advice;import cn.hutool.json.JSONUtil;
import com.llp.crypto.annotation.DecryptionAnnotation;
import com.llp.crypto.utils.AESUtil;
import lombok.SneakyThrows;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpInputMessage;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestBodyAdvice;import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;/*** @description: 请求参数解密，针对post请求*/@Slf4j
@ControllerAdvice
public class DecryptRequestBodyAdvice implements RequestBodyAdvice {/*** 方法上有DecryptionAnnotation注解的，进入此拦截器** @param methodParameter 方法参数对象* @param targetType      参数的类型* @param converterType   消息转换器* @return true，进入，false，跳过*/@Overridepublic boolean supports(MethodParameter methodParameter, Type targetType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) {return methodParameter.hasMethodAnnotation(DecryptionAnnotation.class);}@Overridepublic HttpInputMessage beforeBodyRead(HttpInputMessage inputMessage, MethodParameter parameter, Type targetType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) throws IOException {try {return new MyHttpInputMessage(inputMessage, parameter);} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}/*** 转换之后，执行此方法，解密，赋值** @param body          spring解析完的参数* @param inputMessage  输入参数* @param parameter     参数对象* @param targetType    参数类型* @param converterType 消息转换类型* @return 真实的参数*/@SneakyThrows@Overridepublic Object afterBodyRead(Object body, HttpInputMessage inputMessage, MethodParameter parameter, Type targetType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) {log.info("解密后的请求报文:{}", body);return body;}/*** 如果body为空，转为空对象** @param body          spring解析完的参数* @param inputMessage  输入参数* @param parameter     参数对象* @param targetType    参数类型* @param converterType 消息转换类型* @return 真实的参数*/@Overridepublic Object handleEmptyBody(Object body, HttpInputMessage inputMessage, MethodParameter parameter, Type targetType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) {return body;}class MyHttpInputMessage implements HttpInputMessage {private HttpHeaders headers;private InputStream body;private MethodParameter parameter;public MyHttpInputMessage(HttpInputMessage inputMessage, MethodParameter parameter) throws Exception {this.headers = inputMessage.getHeaders();//只对post请求进行加密if (parameter.hasMethodAnnotation(PostMapping.class)) {/**请求报文示例：*  {*  "requestData":"JF7kvl9Wd/vgdmAS8JijsQ=="*  }*/String decrypt = AESUtil.decrypt(easpData(IOUtils.toString(inputMessage.getBody(), "UTF-8")));log.info("解密后的请求参数:{}", decrypt);this.body = IOUtils.toInputStream(decrypt, "UTF-8");} else {this.body = inputMessage.getBody();}}@Overridepublic InputStream getBody() throws IOException {return body;}@Overridepublic HttpHeaders getHeaders() {return headers;}}public String easpData(String requestData) {if (requestData != null && !requestData.equals("")) {String start = "requestData";if (requestData.contains(start)) {return JSONUtil.parseObj(requestData).getStr(start);} else {throw new RuntimeException("参数【requestData】缺失异常！");}}return "";}
}

GetDeleteDecryptAspect:针对get、delete请求参数进行解密

@Aspect
//值越小优先级越高
@Order(-1)
@Component
@Slf4j
public class GetDeleteDecryptAspect {/*** 对get、delete方法进行解密* @param point* @return* @throws Throwable*/@Around("@annotation(com.llp.crypto.annotation.DecryptionAnnotation) && " + "(@annotation(org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping) || @annotation(org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.DeleteMapping))")public Object aroundMethod(ProceedingJoinPoint point) throws Throwable {MethodSignature signature = (MethodSignature) point.getSignature();Method method = signature.getMethod();// 获取到请求的参数列表Object[] args = point.getArgs();// 判断方法请求参数是否需要解密if (method.isAnnotationPresent(DecryptionAnnotation.class)) {try {this.decrypt(args, point);log.info("返回解密结果=" + args);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();log.error("对方法method :【" + method.getName() + "】入参数据进行解密出现异常：" + e.getMessage());}}// 执行将解密的结果交给控制器进行处理，并返回处理结果return point.proceed(args);}/*** 前端对请求参数进行加密，最终将这个加密的字符串已 localhost:48080?data=xxx这样的方式进行传递* 后端后去到 data的数据进行解密最终得到解密后的数据* @param args* @param point* @throws Exception*/// 解密方法@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")public void decrypt(Object[] args, ProceedingJoinPoint point) throws Exception {ServletRequestAttributes sc = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();HttpServletRequest request = sc.getRequest();String data = request.getParameter("data");log.info("data: " + data);// 将密文解密为JSON字符串Class<?> aClass = args[0].getClass();log.info("数据类型：{}",aClass.getClass());if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(data)) {// 将JSON字符串转换为Map集合，并替换原本的参数args[0] = JSONUtil.toBean(AESUtil.decrypt(data), args[0].getClass());}}
}

EncryptResponseBodyAdvice:响应参数解密，针对统一返回结果类的装配

/*** @description: 响应加密*/@Slf4j
@ControllerAdvice
public class EncryptResponseBodyAdvice implements ResponseBodyAdvice {@Overridepublic boolean supports(MethodParameter methodParameter, Class aClass) {return methodParameter.hasMethodAnnotation(EncryptionAnnotation.class);}@Overridepublic Object beforeBodyWrite(Object body, MethodParameter methodParameter, MediaType mediaType, Class aClass, ServerHttpRequest serverHttpRequest, ServerHttpResponse serverHttpResponse) {log.info("对方法method :【" + methodParameter.getMethod().getName() + "】返回数据进行加密");// 只针对回参类型为CommonResult的对象，进行加密if (body instanceof CommonResult) {CommonResult commonResult = (CommonResult) body;Object data = commonResult.getData();if (Objects.nonNull(data)) {// 将响应结果转换为json格式String result = JSONUtil.toJsonStr(data);log.info("返回结果:{}", result);try {String encrypt = AESUtil.encrypt(result);commonResult.setData(encrypt);log.info("返回结果加密=" + commonResult);} catch (Exception e) {log.error("对方法method :【" + methodParameter.getMethod().getName() + "】返回数据进行解密出现异常：" + e.getMessage());}return commonResult;}}return body;}}

3.统一返回结果

@Data
public class CommonResult<T> {private String code;private String msg;private T data;public CommonResult() {}public CommonResult(T data) {this.data = data;}/*** 表示成功的Result,不携带返回数据** @return*/public static CommonResult success() {CommonResult result = new CommonResult();result.setCode("200");result.setMsg("success");return result;}/*** 便是成功的Result,携带返回数据* 如果需要在static方法使用泛型,需要在static后指定泛型表示 static<T>** @param data* @return*/public static <T> CommonResult<T> success(T data) {CommonResult<T> result = new CommonResult<>(data);result.setCode("200");result.setMsg("success");return result;}/*** 失败不携带数据* 将错误的code、msg作为形参，灵活传入** @param code* @param msg* @return*/public static CommonResult error(String code, String msg) {CommonResult result = new CommonResult();result.setCode(code);result.setMsg(msg);return result;}/*** 失败携带数据* 将错误的code、msg、data作为形参，灵活传入* @param code* @param msg* @param data* @param <T>* @return*/public static <T> CommonResult<T> error(String code, String msg, T data) {CommonResult<T> result = new CommonResult<>(data);result.setCode(code);result.setMsg(msg);return result;}}

4.加密工具类

public class AESUtil {// 加解密方式private static final String AES_ALGORITHM = "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding";// 与前端统一好KEYprivate static final String KEY = "abcdsxyzhkj12345";// 获取 cipherprivate static Cipher getCipher(byte[] key, int model) throws Exception {SecretKeySpec secretKeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(KEY.getBytes(), "AES");Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(AES_ALGORITHM);cipher.init(model, secretKeySpec);return cipher;}// AES加密public static String encrypt(String data) throws Exception {Cipher cipher = getCipher(KEY.getBytes(), Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE);return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(cipher.doFinal(data.getBytes("UTF-8")));}// AES解密public static String decrypt(String data) throws Exception {Cipher cipher = getCipher(KEY.getBytes(), Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE);return new String(cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(data.getBytes("UTF-8"))),"UTF-8");}public static byte[] decryptUrl(String url) throws Exception {Cipher cipher = getCipher(KEY.getBytes(), Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE);return cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(url.replaceAll(" +", "+")));}// AES解密MySQL AES_ENCRYPT函数加密密文public static String aesDecryptMySQL(String key, String content){try {SecretKey secretKey = generateMySQLAESKey(key,"ASCII");Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey);byte[] cleartext = Hex.decodeHex(content.toCharArray());byte[] ciphertextBytes = cipher.doFinal(cleartext);return new String(ciphertextBytes, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}//加密public static String aesEncryptMySQL(String key2, String content) {try {SecretKey key = generateMySQLAESKey(key2,"ASCII");Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);byte[] cleartext = content.getBytes("UTF-8");byte[] ciphertextBytes = cipher.doFinal(cleartext);return new String(Hex.encodeHex(ciphertextBytes));} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}public static SecretKeySpec generateMySQLAESKey(final String key, final String encoding) {try {final byte[] finalKey = new byte[16];int i = 0;for(byte b : key.getBytes(encoding)) {finalKey[i++%16] ^= b;}return new SecretKeySpec(finalKey, "AES");} catch(UnsupportedEncodingException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}@Testpublic void decodeTest() {try {String a = "{\"username\":\"admin\",\"deptId\":\"1250500000\",\"userId\":\"1\",\"phone\":\"15195928695\"}";String encrypt = AESUtil.encrypt(a);System.out.println("加密后的字符串: "+encrypt);System.out.println("解密后的字符串:" +AESUtil.decrypt(encrypt));String str = "5tAayXF5ZcPC9yoNvBIT0fw2Li2uoxUhGyMq4JKUvCttOFnU7iKovyB9pm/ZV+2qU8h2htdk5s6ht9kCpTGG9WZAGTdMUgIJkD/Tf6IQ3gw=";String decrypt = AESUtil.decrypt(IOUtils.toString(str.getBytes(), "UTF-8"));System.out.println(decrypt);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}

5.请求流支持多次获取

/*** 请求流支持多次获取*/
public class InputStreamHttpServletRequestWrapper extends HttpServletRequestWrapper {/*** 用于缓存输入流*/private ByteArrayOutputStream cachedBytes;public InputStreamHttpServletRequestWrapper(HttpServletRequest request) {super(request);}@Overridepublic ServletInputStream getInputStream() throws IOException {if (cachedBytes == null) {// 首次获取流时，将流放入 缓存输入流 中cacheInputStream();}// 从 缓存输入流 中获取流并返回return new CachedServletInputStream(cachedBytes.toByteArray());}@Overridepublic BufferedReader getReader() throws IOException {return new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(getInputStream()));}/*** 首次获取流时，将流放入 缓存输入流 中*/private void cacheInputStream() throws IOException {// 缓存输入流以便多次读取。为了方便, 我使用 org.apache.commons IOUtilscachedBytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream();IOUtils.copy(super.getInputStream(), cachedBytes);}/*** 读取缓存的请求正文的输入流* <p>* 用于根据 缓存输入流 创建一个可返回的*/public static class CachedServletInputStream extends ServletInputStream {private final ByteArrayInputStream input;public CachedServletInputStream(byte[] buf) {// 从缓存的请求正文创建一个新的输入流input = new ByteArrayInputStream(buf);}@Overridepublic boolean isFinished() {return false;}@Overridepublic boolean isReady() {return false;}@Overridepublic void setReadListener(ReadListener listener) {}@Overridepublic int read() throws IOException {return input.read();}}}

4.测试

1.测试类

@Slf4j
@RestController
@Api(tags = "测试加密解密")
public class TestController {/*** 请求示例：* {* "requestData":"5tAayXF5ZcPC9yoNvBIT0fw2Li2uoxUhGyMq4JKUvCttOFnU7iKovyB9pm/ZV+2qU8h2htdk5s6ht9kCpTGG9WZAGTdMUgIJkD/Tf6IQ3gw="* }** @return*/@PostMapping(value = "/postEncrypt")@ApiOperation("测试post加密")@EncryptionAnnotation@DecryptionAnnotationpublic CommonResult<String> postEncrypt(@RequestBody UserReqVO userReqVO) {System.out.println("userReqVO: ============>" + userReqVO);return CommonResult.success("成功");}@GetMapping(value = "/getEncrypt")@ApiOperation("测试get加密")@DecryptionAnnotation // requestBody 自动解密public CommonResult<UserReqVO> getEncrypt(String data) {log.info("解密后的数据：{}",data);UserReqVO userReqVO = JSONUtil.toBean(data, UserReqVO.class);//UserReqVO(username=admin, deptId=1250500000, userId=1, phone=15195928695)log.info("用户信息:{}",userReqVO);return CommonResult.success(userReqVO);}
}

@ApiModel(description = "用户请求vo")
@Data
public class UserReqVO {@ApiModelProperty(value = "用户名", required = true)private String username;@ApiModelProperty(value = "部门id",required = true)private Long deptId;@ApiModelProperty(value = "用户id",required = true)private Long userId;@ApiModelProperty(value = "电话号码",required = true)private String phone;}