Odoo16 实用功能之Form视图详解（表单视图）

1、什么是Form视图

2、Form视图的结构

3、源码示例

1、什么是Form视图

Form视图是用于查看和编辑数据库记录的界面。每个数据库模型在Odoo中都有一个Form视图，用于显示该模型的数据。Form视图提供了一个可编辑的界面，允许用户查看和修改数据库记录的字段值。

2、Form视图的结构

页眉（Header）： 通常包含记录的标题或按钮信息。
主体（Body）： 包含字段的输入框、选择框、按钮等，用于展示和编辑记录的具体数据。
页脚（Footer）： 包含操作按钮，例如保存、取消等。

示例

<record id="view_my_model_form" model="ir.ui.view"><field name="name">my.model.form</field><field name="model">my.model</field><field name="arch" type="xml"><form><group><field name="name"/><field name="description"/><!-- 其他字段... --></group><footer><button string="Save" class="oe_highlight" type="object" name="save"/><button string="Cancel" class="oe_link" special="cancel"/></footer></form></field>
</record>

3、源码示例

这里以CRM中的渠道作为讲解

源码：

 <record id="crm_lead_view_form" model="ir.ui.view"><field name="name">crm.lead.form</field><field name="model">crm.lead</field><field name="arch" type="xml"><form class="o_lead_opportunity_form" js_class="crm_form"><header><button name="action_set_won_rainbowman" string="Won"type="object" class="oe_highlight" data-hotkey="w" title="Mark as won"attrs="{'invisible': ['|','|', ('active','=',False), ('probability', '=', 100), ('type', '=', 'lead')]}"/><button name="%(crm.crm_lead_lost_action)d" string="Lost" data-hotkey="l" title="Mark as lost"type="action" context="{'default_lead_id': active_id}" attrs="{'invisible': ['|', ('type', '=', 'lead'), '&amp;',('active', '=', False),('probability', '&lt;', 100)]}"/><button name="%(crm.action_crm_lead2opportunity_partner)d" string="Convert to Opportunity" type="action" help="Convert to Opportunity"class="oe_highlight" attrs="{'invisible': ['|', ('type', '=', 'opportunity'), ('active', '=', False)]}" data-hotkey="v"/><button name="toggle_active" string="Restore" type="object" data-hotkey="z"attrs="{'invisible': ['|', ('probability', '&gt;', 0), ('active', '=', True)]}"/><button name="action_set_lost" string="Lost" type="object" data-hotkey="l" title="Mark as lost"attrs="{'invisible': ['|', ('type', '=', 'opportunity'), '&amp;', ('probability', '=', 0), ('active', '=', False)]}"/><field name="stage_id" widget="statusbar" class="o_field_statusbar"options="{'clickable': '1', 'fold_field': 'fold'}"domain="['|', ('team_id', '=', team_id), ('team_id', '=', False)]"attrs="{'invisible': ['|', ('active', '=', False), ('type', '=', 'lead')]}"/></header><sheet><field name="active" invisible="1"/><field name="company_id" invisible="1"/><div class="oe_button_box" name="button_box"><button name="action_schedule_meeting" type="object"class="oe_stat_button" icon="fa-calendar"context="{'partner_id': partner_id}"attrs="{'invisible': [('type', '=', 'lead')]}"><div class="o_stat_info"><field name="calendar_event_count" class="o_stat_value"/><span class="o_stat_text" attrs="{'invisible': [('calendar_event_count', '&lt;', 2)]}"> Meetings</span><span class="o_stat_text" attrs="{'invisible': [('calendar_event_count', '&gt;', 1)]}"> Meeting</span></div></button><button name="action_show_potential_duplicates" type="object"class="oe_stat_button" icon="fa-star"attrs="{'invisible': [('duplicate_lead_count', '&lt;', 1)]}"><div class="o_stat_info"><field name="duplicate_lead_count" class="o_stat_value"/><span class="o_stat_text" attrs="{'invisible': [('duplicate_lead_count', '&lt;', 2)]}">Similar Leads</span><span class="o_stat_text" attrs="{'invisible': [('duplicate_lead_count', '&gt;', 1)]}">Similar Lead</span></div></button></div><widget name="web_ribbon" title="Lost" bg_color="bg-danger" attrs="{'invisible': ['|', ('probability', '&gt;', 0), ('active', '=', True)]}"/><widget name="web_ribbon" title="Won" attrs="{'invisible': [('probability', '&lt;', 100)]}" /><div class="oe_title"><h1><field class="text-break" name="name" placeholder="e.g. Product Pricing"/></h1><h2 class="d-flex gap-2 g-0 align-items-end pb-3"><div attrs="{'invisible': [('type', '=', 'lead')]}"><label for="expected_revenue" class="oe_edit_only pb-1" /><div class="d-flex align-items-end"><field name="company_currency" invisible="1"/><field name="expected_revenue" class="oe_inline o_input_8ch" widget='monetary' options="{'currency_field': 'company_currency'}"/><span class="oe_grey p-2" groups="crm.group_use_recurring_revenues"> + </span><span class="oe_grey p-2" groups="!crm.group_use_recurring_revenues"> at </span></div></div><div attrs="{'invisible': [('type', '=', 'lead')]}" groups="crm.group_use_recurring_revenues"><field name="recurring_revenue" class="oe_inline o_input_10ch" widget="monetary" options="{'currency_field': 'company_currency'}"/></div><div attrs="{'invisible': [('type', '=', 'lead')]}" groups="crm.group_use_recurring_revenues"><div class="d-flex align-items-end ps-2"><field name="recurring_plan" class="oe_inline o_input_12ch" placeholder="E.g. Monthly"attrs="{'required': [('recurring_revenue', '!=', 0)]}" options="{'no_create': True, 'no_open': True}"/><span class="oe_grey p-2"> at </span></div></div><div><div class="oe_edit_only d-md-flex align-items-center"><label for="probability"/><div class="d-flex align-items-center"><button class="ps-0 ps-md-2 btn btn-link" name="action_set_automated_probability" type="object"attrs="{'invisible': [('is_automated_probability', '=', True)]}"><i class="fa fa-gear" role="img" title="Switch to automatic probability" aria-label="Switch to automatic probability"></i></button><small class="oe_grey h6 mb0 d-flex" attrs="{'invisible': [('is_automated_probability', '=', True)]}"><field class="mb0" name="automated_probability" force_save="1"/> %</small></div></div><div id="probability" class="d-inline-block"><field name="is_automated_probability" invisible="1"/><field name="probability" widget="float" class="oe_inline o_input_6ch"/><span class="oe_grey"> %</span></div></div></h2></div><group><group name="lead_partner" attrs="{'invisible': [('type', '=', 'opportunity')]}"><!-- Preload all the partner's information --><field name="is_partner_visible" invisible='1'/><field name="partner_id" widget="res_partner_many2one"context="{'default_name': contact_name,'default_title': title,'default_street': street,'default_street2': street2,'default_city': city,'default_state_id': state_id,'default_zip': zip,'default_country_id': country_id,'default_function': function,'default_phone': phone,'default_mobile': mobile,'default_email': email_from,'default_user_id': user_id,'default_team_id': team_id,'default_website': website,'default_lang': lang_code,'show_vat': True}" attrs="{'invisible': [('is_partner_visible', '=', False)]}"/><field name="partner_name"/><label for="street" string="Address"/><div class="o_address_format"><field name="street" placeholder="Street..." class="o_address_street"/><field name="street2" placeholder="Street 2..." class="o_address_street"/><field name="city" placeholder="City" class="o_address_city"/><field name="state_id" class="o_address_state" placeholder="State" options='{"no_open": True}'/><field name="zip" placeholder="ZIP" class="o_address_zip"/><field name="country_id" placeholder="Country" class="o_address_country" options='{"no_open": True, "no_create": True}'/></div><field name="website" widget="url" placeholder="e.g. https://www.odoo.com"/><field name="lang_active_count" invisible="1"/><field name="lang_code" invisible="1"/><field name="lang_id" attrs="{'invisible': [('lang_active_count', '&lt;=', 1)]}"options="{'no_quick_create': True, 'no_create_edit': True, 'no_open': True}"/></group><group name="opportunity_partner" attrs="{'invisible': [('type', '=', 'lead')]}"><field name="partner_id"widget="res_partner_many2one"string="Customer"context="{'res_partner_search_mode': type == 'opportunity' and 'customer' or False,'default_name': contact_name or partner_name,'default_street': street,'default_is_company': type == 'opportunity' and contact_name == False,'default_company_name': type == 'opportunity' and partner_name,'default_street2': street2,'default_city': city,'default_title': title,'default_state_id': state_id,'default_zip': zip,'default_country_id': country_id,'default_function': function,'default_phone': phone,'default_mobile': mobile,'default_email': email_from,'default_user_id': user_id,'default_team_id': team_id,'default_website': website,'default_lang': lang_code,'show_vat': True,}"/><field name="is_blacklisted" invisible="1"/><field name="partner_is_blacklisted" invisible="1"/><field name="phone_blacklisted" invisible="1"/><field name="mobile_blacklisted" invisible="1"/><field name="email_state" invisible="1"/><field name="phone_state" invisible="1"/><field name="partner_email_update" invisible="1"/><field name="partner_phone_update" invisible="1"/><label for="email_from" class="oe_inline"/><div class="o_row o_row_readonly"><button name="mail_action_blacklist_remove" class="fa fa-ban text-danger"title="This email is blacklisted for mass mailings. Click to unblacklist."type="object" context="{'default_email': email_from}" groups="base.group_user"attrs="{'invisible': [('is_blacklisted', '=', False)]}"/><field name="email_from" string="Email" widget="email"/><span class="fa fa-exclamation-triangle text-warning oe_edit_only"title="By saving this change, the customer email will also be updated."attrs="{'invisible': [('partner_email_update', '=', False)]}"/></div><label for="phone" class="oe_inline"/><div class="o_row o_row_readonly"><button name="phone_action_blacklist_remove" class="fa fa-ban text-danger"title="This phone number is blacklisted for SMS Marketing. Click to unblacklist."type="object" context="{'default_phone': phone}" groups="base.group_user"attrs="{'invisible': [('phone_blacklisted', '=', False)]}"/><field name="phone" widget="phone"/><span class="fa fa-exclamation-triangle text-warning oe_edit_only"title="By saving this change, the customer phone number will also be updated."attrs="{'invisible': [('partner_phone_update', '=', False)]}"/></div><field name="lost_reason_id" attrs="{'invisible': [('active', '=', True)]}"/><field name="date_conversion" invisible="1"/><field name="user_company_ids" invisible="1"/></group><group name="lead_info" attrs="{'invisible': [('type', '=', 'opportunity')]}"><label for="contact_name"/><div class="o_row"><field name="contact_name"/><field name="title" placeholder="Title" domain="[]" options='{"no_open": True}'/></div><field name="is_blacklisted" invisible="1"/><field name="phone_blacklisted" invisible="1"/><field name="email_state" invisible="1"/><field name="phone_state" invisible="1"/><field name="partner_email_update" invisible="1"/><field name="partner_phone_update" invisible="1"/><label for="email_from_group_lead_info" class="oe_inline"/><div class="o_row o_row_readonly"><button name="mail_action_blacklist_remove" class="fa fa-ban text-danger"title="This email is blacklisted for mass mailings. Click to unblacklist."type="object" context="{'default_email': email_from}" groups="base.group_user"attrs="{'invisible': [('is_blacklisted', '=', False)]}"/><field name="email_from" id="email_from_group_lead_info" string="Email" widget="email"/><span class="fa fa-exclamation-triangle text-warning oe_edit_only"title="By saving this change, the customer email will also be updated."attrs="{'invisible': [('partner_email_update', '=', False)]}"/></div><field name="email_cc" groups="base.group_no_one"/><field name="function"/><label for="phone_group_lead_info" class="oe_inline"/><div class="o_row o_row_readonly"><button name="phone_action_blacklist_remove" class="fa fa-ban text-danger"title="This phone number is blacklisted for SMS Marketing. Click to unblacklist."type="object" context="{'default_phone': phone}" groups="base.group_user"attrs="{'invisible': [('phone_blacklisted', '=', False)]}"/><field name="phone" id="phone_group_lead_info" widget="phone"/><span class="fa fa-exclamation-triangle text-warning oe_edit_only"title="By saving this change, the customer phone number will also be updated."attrs="{'invisible': [('partner_phone_update', '=', False)]}"/></div><label for="mobile" class="oe_inline"/><div class="o_row o_row_readonly"><button name="phone_action_blacklist_remove" class="fa fa-ban text-danger"title="This phone number is blacklisted for SMS Marketing. Click to unblacklist."type="object" context="{'default_phone': mobile}" groups="base.group_user"attrs="{'invisible': [('mobile_blacklisted', '=', False)]}"/><field name="mobile" widget="phone" string="Mobile"/></div></group><field name="type" invisible="1"/><group attrs="{'invisible': [('type', '=', 'lead')]}"><field name="user_id"context="{'default_sales_team_id': team_id}" widget="many2one_avatar_user"/><label for="date_deadline">Expected Closing</label><div class="o_lead_opportunity_form_inline_fields"><field name="date_deadline" nolabel="1" class="oe_inline"/><field name="priority" widget="priority" nolabel="1" class="oe_inline align-top"/></div><field name="tag_ids" widget="many2many_tags" options="{'color_field': 'color', 'no_create_edit': True}"/></group><group attrs="{'invisible': [('type', '=', 'opportunity')]}"><field name="user_id"context="{'default_sales_team_id': team_id}" widget="many2one_avatar_user"/><field name="team_id" options="{'no_open': True, 'no_create': True}"/></group><group name="lead_priority" attrs="{'invisible': [('type', '=', 'opportunity')]}"><field name="priority" widget="priority"/><field name="tag_ids" widget="many2many_tags" options="{'color_field': 'color', 'no_create_edit': True}"/></group></group><field attrs="{'invisible': [('team_id', '=', False)]}"name="lead_properties" nolabel="1" columns="2" hideKanbanOption="1"/><notebook><page string="Internal Notes" name="internal_notes"><field name="description" placeholder="Add a description..." options="{'collaborative': true}" /></page><page name="extra" string="Extra Info" attrs="{'invisible': [('type', '=', 'opportunity')]}"><group><group string="Email" groups="base.group_no_one"><field name="message_bounce" readonly="1"/></group><group string="Marketing" name="categorization"><field name="company_id"groups="base.group_multi_company"options="{'no_create': True}"/><field name="campaign_id" options="{'create_name_field': 'title', 'always_reload': True}"/><field name="medium_id"/><field name="source_id"/><field name="referred"/></group><group string="Analysis"><field name="date_open"/><field name="date_closed"/></group></group></page><page name="lead" string="Extra Information" attrs="{'invisible': [('type', '=', 'lead')]}"><group><group string="Contact Information"><field name="partner_name"/><label for="street_page_lead" string="Address"/><div class="o_address_format"><field name="street" id="street_page_lead" placeholder="Street..." class="o_address_street"/><field name="street2" placeholder="Street 2..." class="o_address_street"/><field name="city" placeholder="City" class="o_address_city"/><field name="state_id" class="o_address_state" placeholder="State" options='{"no_open": True}'/><field name="zip" placeholder="ZIP" class="o_address_zip"/><field name="country_id" placeholder="Country" class="o_address_country" options='{"no_open": True, "no_create": True}'/></div><field name="website" widget="url" placeholder="e.g. https://www.odoo.com"/><field name="lang_active_count" invisible="1"/><field name="lang_id" attrs="{'invisible': [('lang_active_count', '&lt;=', 1)]}"options="{'no_quick_create': True, 'no_create_edit': True, 'no_open': True}"/></group><group class="mt48"><label for="contact_name_page_lead"/><div class="o_row"><field name="contact_name" id="contact_name_page_lead"/><field name="title" placeholder="Title" domain="[]" options='{"no_open": True}'/></div><field name="function"/><label for="mobile_page_lead" class="oe_inline"/><div class="o_row o_row_readonly"><button name="phone_action_blacklist_remove" class="fa fa-ban text-danger"title="This phone number is blacklisted for SMS Marketing. Click to unblacklist."type="object" context="{'default_phone': mobile}" groups="base.group_user"attrs="{'invisible': [('mobile_blacklisted', '=', False)]}"/><field name="mobile" id="mobile_page_lead" widget="phone"/></div></group><group string="Marketing"><field name="campaign_id" options="{'create_name_field': 'title', 'always_reload': True}"/><field name="medium_id" /><field name="source_id" /><field name="referred"/></group><group string="Tracking" name="Misc"><field name="company_id"groups="base.group_multi_company"options="{'no_create': True}"/><field name="team_id" options="{'no_open': True, 'no_create': True}"/><field name="day_open" /><field name="day_close"/><field name="type" invisible="1"/></group></group></page></notebook></sheet><div class="oe_chatter"><field name="message_follower_ids"/><field name="activity_ids"/><field name="message_ids" options="{'post_refresh': 'recipients'}"/></div></form></field></record>

参数解释：

<record> 元素：
- id="crm_lead_view_form"：视图的唯一标识符，用于在其他地方引用该视图。
- model="ir.ui.view"：指定模型为 ir.ui.view，这是Odoo中用于存储用户界面视图定义的模型。
<field> 元素：
- name="name"：视图的名称，用于在Odoo界面中标识该视图。
- model="crm.lead"：指定模型为 crm.lead，表示该视图关联到 crm.lead 模型。
<form> 元素：
- class="o_lead_opportunity_form"：为视图添加CSS类名，可以用于自定义视图的样式。
- js_class="crm_form"：为视图添加JavaScript类名，可用于自定义视图的行为。
<header> 元素：
- 包含了在 Form 视图的顶部显示的按钮和字段，如 "Won"、"Lost"、"Convert to Opportunity" 等。
<button> 元素：
- name：按钮的方法名称，点击按钮时会触发该方法。
- string：按钮上显示的文本。
- type：按钮的类型，可以是 "object" 或 "action"。
- class：CSS类，用于自定义按钮的样式。
- data-hotkey：定义热键，用户可以通过键盘快捷键触发按钮。
- context：上下文，传递给按钮触发的方法。
<field> 元素：
- name="stage_id"：展示了一个阶段的字段，使用了 widget="statusbar"，显示为状态栏。
- domain：定义了字段的域（过滤条件）。
<sheet> 元素：
- 包含了 Form 视图主体的内容，包括字段、按钮、页签等。
<widget> 元素：
- name="web_ribbon"：自定义小部件，用于在记录上显示标签，如 "Lost" 或 "Won"。
- title：小部件的标题。
- bg_color：背景颜色，用于区分不同的标签。
<div> 元素：
- class="oe_button_box"：包含按钮的容器，用于自定义按钮的布局。
<notebook> 元素：
- 包含了多个页签，每个页签使用 <page> 元素定义。这里有 "Internal Notes"、"Extra Info" 和 "Extra Information" 三个页签。
<group> 元素：
- 包含了一组相关的字段，可以通过 attrs 属性控制字段组的可见性。
<field> 元素：
- widget="many2one_avatar_user"：使用了 many2one_avatar_user 小部件，用于选择用户，并显示用户的头像。
<button> 元素：
- name="action_schedule_meeting"：触发一个方法来安排会议。
- context：定义了在触发方法时传递给方法的上下文。
<widget> 元素：
- name="web_ribbon"：自定义小部件，用于显示记录的标签。
<notebook> 中的 <page> 元素：
- 包含了不同的信息页，例如 "Internal Notes"、"Extra Info" 和 "Extra Information"。
<div> 元素：
- class="oe_chatter"：包含了关于记录的讨论和活动信息。
<field> 元素：
- name="message_follower_ids"、name="activity_ids"、name="message_ids"：用于显示关注者、活动和消息的信息。