（1）查询索引信息
curl http://127.0.0.1:9201/_cat/indices?v
curl http://127.0.0.1:9201/_cat/indices?v | grep red
curl http://127.0.0.1:9201/_cat/indices?v | grep yellow
（2）查询mapping信息
curl http://127.0.0.1:9201/_mapping?pretty=true
curl http://127.0.0.1:9201/test231208/_mapping?pretty=true
（3）查询分片信息
curl http://127.0.0.1:9201/_cat/shards?pretty
curl http://127.0.0.1:9201/_cat/shards?pretty | grep UNASSIGNED
（4）查询节点信息
curl http://127.0.0.1:9201/_cat/nodes?v
（5）查询集群健康状态
curl http://127.0.0.1:9201/_cluster/health?pretty
（6）close索引
curl -XPOST http://127.0.0.1:9201/test231208/_close?pretty
（7）open索引
curl -XPOST http://127.0.0.1:9201/test231208/_open?pretty