将所有文件从目录复制到Python中的另一个目录

shutil (shell utilities) module, provides option to copy the files recursively from src to dst.

shutil(shell实用程序)模块 ，提供了将文件从src递归复制到dst的选项。

The syntax to copy all files is:

复制所有文件的语法为：

    shutil.copytree(
src, 
dst, 
symlink=False, 
ignore=None, 
copy_function=copy2, 
ignore_dangling_symlins=False)

Here,

这里，

src - source directory from where the files shall be copied.
src-从中复制文件的源目录。
dst - destination to where the files shall be copied.
dst-将文件复制到的目的地。
If symlinks are True,
如果符号链接为True，
- Move the file with new name
- Copy and rename file using "os" module

移动并重命名文件 (Move and Rename file)

    shutil.move(src, dst, copy_function=copy2)

Listing command:

清单命令：

    -bash-4.2$ ls
python_samples  test  test.txt  test.txt.copy  test.txt.copy2

Code:

码：

# importing modules
import os
import shutil
src_dir = os.getcwd() 
# gets the current working dir
dest_file = src_dir + "/python_samples/test_renamed_file.txt" 
shutil.move('test.txt',dest_dir)
print(os.listdir())
# the file 'test.txt' is moved from 
# src to dest with a new name
os.chdir(dest_dir)
print(os.listdir()) # list of files in dest

Output

输出量

'/home/sradhakr/Desktop/my_work/python_samples/ test_renamed_file.txt’
['python_samples', 'test', 'test.txt.copy', 'test.txt.copy2']
['.git', '.gitignore', 'README.md', 'src', ' test_renamed_file.txt']

使用os和shutil模块进行复制和重命名 (Copy and rename using os and shutil module)

In this approach we use the shutil.copy() function to copy the file and os.rename() to rename the file.

在这种方法中，我们使用shutil.copy()函数复制文件，并使用os.rename()重命名文件。

# Importing the modules
import os
import shutil
src_dir = os.getcwd() #get the current working dir
print(src_dir)
# create a dir where we want to copy and rename
dest_dir = os.mkdir('subfolder')
os.listdir()
dest_dir = src_dir+"/subfolder"
src_file = os.path.join(src_dir, 'test.txt.copy2')
shutil.copy(src_file,dest_dir) #copy the file to destination dir
dst_file = os.path.join(dest_dir,'test.txt.copy2')
new_dst_file_name = os.path.join(dest_dir, 'test.txt.copy3')
os.rename(dst_file, new_dst_file_name)#rename
os.chdir(dest_dir)
print(os.listdir())

Output

输出量

/home/user/Desktop/my_work
['python_samples', 'subfolder', 'test', 'test.txt.copy2', 'test.txt.copy_1']
'/home/sradhakr/Desktop/my_work/subfolder/test.txt.copy2'
['test.txt.copy3']

Summary: shutil (shell utilities module ) is a more pythonic way to perform the file or directory copy , move or rename operations.

简介： shutil (shell实用程序模块)是执行文件或目录复制，移动或重命名操作的更Python方式。

Reference: https://docs.python.org/3/faq/windows.html

参考： https : //docs.python.org/3/faq/windows.html