实现这一目标的一种方法：

D_id_color = {'A': u'orchid', 'B': u'darkcyan', 'C': u'grey', 'D': u'dodgerblue', 'E': u'turquoise', 'F': u'darkviolet'}

x_coordinates = [1,2,3,4,5,6] # Added missing datapoint

y_coordinates = [3,3,3,3,3,3] # Added missing datapoint

size_map = [50,100,200,400,800,1200] # Added missing datapoint

color_map = [color for color in D_id_color.values()[:len(x_coordinates)]]

plt.scatter(x_coordinates,y_coordinates, s = size_map, c = color_map)

# The following two lines generate custom fake lines that will be used as legend entries:

markers = [plt.Line2D([0,0],[0,0],color=color, marker='o', linestyle='') for color in D_id_color.values()]

plt.legend(markers, D_id_color.keys(), numpoints=1)

plt.show()

这将产生：