#coding=utf-8
print('中国人')
"""
Python 保留字：and, exec, not, assert, finally, or, break, for, pass, class, from, print, 
continue, global, raise, def, if, return, del, import, try, elif, in, while, else, is, with,
except, lambda, yield
"""
"""
:type
"""
counter = 100 #赋值整型变量
miles = 1000 #浮点型
name = "alan" #字符串
print(counter + miles)
a = b = c = 1
print(a)
str = "hello word!"
print(str * 2)#字符串输出次数
print(str + "test") #输出连接的字符串
print("str[:4]" + str[:4])
print("str[0:4]" + str[0:4])
print("str[:-1]" + str[:-1])
# print("str[-1:0]" + str[-6:-3])
tuple = ( 'runoob', 786 , 2.23, 'john', 70.2 )
tinytuple = (123, 'john')
print(tuple + tinytuple)
#tuple[2] = 1000 #元组是不允许更新的，而列表是允许更新的
'''
python中标准的数字类型有以下五种：
一.数字 Numberpython支持四种不同的数字类型：1.int 2.float 3.complex (复数：3 + 4j)  
二.字符串 Stringstr = "hello word!"
三.列表 List：有序的对象集合list = [ 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
四.元组 Tuple:用()标识，内部元素用逗号隔开，但是元组不同二次赋值，相当于只读列表tuple = ( 'a', 'b', 'c')
五.字典
'''
print("-------------")
dict = {}
dict['one'] = 'this is one'
dict['two'] = 'this is two'
tinydict = {'name': 'alan','num': 6379, 'flag': 'true'}
print(dict['one'])
keys = tinydict.keys();
'''
注意：python输出用逗号‘,’分隔，'+'表示的是字符串连接，会报类型转换错误
'''
for key in keys:print("->:", tinydict[key])
print("values: ",tinydict.values() )print("-------------")
a = 2
b = 3
c = a ** b # a 的 b 次幂
c1 = a * b
print("运算: ", c)
print('%.3f' %(b/2)) #带小数点
print(b/3) #取整除
x = 1
y = -1
print(x == y)
print("逻辑运算符")
x = True
y = False
print(x and y)
print(x or y)
print(not x)
print("成员运算符")
a = 1
myList = [1, 2, 3, 4]
print(a in myList) #x在序列中
b = -1
print(b not in myList) #b不在序列中
print("python 身份运算符") #用于比较两个对象的存储单元 is or not is
a = 201
b = 20
print(id(a),"-",id(b)) #id函数，用来返回对象地址print("循环语句")
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]
even = []
odd = []
while len(numbers) > 0 :number = numbers.pop()print("number = ", number, " len = ", len(numbers))if(number % 2 == 0):even.append(number)else:odd.append(number)
print("奇数: ", odd)
print("偶数：", even)
print("---------")
for letter in 'python':print("当前字母： ", letter)
names = ['alan', 'dream', 'zuora']
for index in range(len(names)): #按照索引输出print(names[index])
print("pass 语句") #pass 是空语句，为了保持程序结构的完整性
for letter in 'python':if letter == 'h':passprint("这是 pass 块")print("当前字母: ", letter)
print("查看包中内容")
import math
print(dir(math))
import cmath
print(dir(cmath))
print(cmath.pi)
print("字符串的内建函数")
str = 'hello word'
str1 = 'word'
print(str.capitalize()) #首字母大写
print(str.count(str1)) #str1在str中出现的次数
str = str.encode('gb2312') #编码
print(str)
str = str.decode('gb2312') #解码
print(str)
print("检测字符串中是否包含子字符串")
print(str.find("word"))
print("文件IO")
# str = input("请输入： ")
# print("内容： " + str)
print("读取文件")
file_name = "test.txt"
f = open(file_name, "r+", encoding= "utf-8")
# cnt = f.read()
# print(cnt)
# f.readline()#读取一行
lines = f.readlines()
# print("lines: ", lines)
# for line in lines:
#     print("一行行读取: ", line)
# f.close()
# del f
print("写入文件")
f = open(file_name, 'a+', encoding='utf-8')
f.writelines(lines)
f.close()
print("异常处理")
try:f = open(file_name, 'w', encoding='utf-8')f.write("这是一个测试文件，用于测试异常")
except IOError:print("Error: 没有找到文件或读取文件失败")
else:print("写入成功")
try:1 / 0
except ZeroDivisionError:print("除数不能为零")
#zip() 函数用于将可迭代的对象作为参数，将对象中对应的元素打包成一个个元组，然后返回由这些元组组成的列表
my_list = [1, 'zuora', 3, 'alam']
my_list1 = [2, 'dream']
my_list2 = [3, 'alan']
zipped = zip(my_list, my_list1, my_list2)
for dict_ in zipped:print(dict_)
from People import  People
p1 = People(1, 'alan')
p2 = People(2, 'dream')
p3 = People(3, 'zuora')
people_list = [p1, p2, p3]
zipped = zip(people_list)
for dict_ in zipped:print(dict_)