Win32 多文档多视图

#include<Windows.h>
#include<tchar.h>
#include"resource.h"

//全局变量
LPSTR g_MainFrame = "主框架";
LPSTR g_ClientFrame = "客户区框架";
LPSTR g_ChildFrame[] = { "子框架1","子框架2" };

//主窗口和子窗口回调函数，本程序子窗口公用一个子窗口回调函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
LRESULT CALLBACK ChildProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);

//函数执行的入口函数
int WINAPI WinMain(
   _In_ HINSTANCE hInstance,
   _In_opt_ HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
   _In_ LPSTR lpCmdLine,
   _In_ int nShowCmd)
{

   //1.初始化需要注册的窗口信息
   WNDCLASS MainFrame = { 0 };
   MainFrame.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)::GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH);//背景
   MainFrame.hCursor = ::LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
   MainFrame.hInstance = hInstance;
   MainFrame.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
   MainFrame.lpszClassName = g_MainFrame;
   MainFrame.lpszMenuName = MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MainFrame);//主菜单ID
   MainFrame.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_HREDRAW;

   //2.注册MainFrame窗口类
   if (!RegisterClass(&MainFrame))
   {
       MessageBox(NULL, _T("主框架注册失败!"), _T("Error"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);//_T() 需用用到tchar.h头文件
   }

   //附：注册俩个子窗口类,在子窗口中通过类名来调度
   MainFrame.lpfnWndProc = ChildProc;
   MainFrame.lpszClassName = g_ChildFrame[0];
   MainFrame.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)::GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
   MainFrame.lpszMenuName = MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_ChildMenu);//子菜单

   if (!RegisterClass(&MainFrame))
   {
       MessageBox(NULL, _T("子窗口1注册失败!"), _T("Error"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);//_T() 需用用到tchar.h头文件
   }

   MainFrame.lpfnWndProc = ChildProc;
   MainFrame.lpszClassName = g_ChildFrame[1];
   MainFrame.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)::GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
   MainFrame.lpszMenuName = MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_ChildMenu);;

   if (!RegisterClass(&MainFrame))
   {
       MessageBox(NULL, _T("子窗口2注册失败!"), _T("Error"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);//_T() 需用用到tchar.h头文件
   }
   //3.创建窗口
       HWND mainframe_hwnd;
       mainframe_hwnd= CreateWindow(
           g_MainFrame,
           g_MainFrame,
           WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
           CW_USEDEFAULT,
           CW_USEDEFAULT,
           CW_USEDEFAULT,
           CW_USEDEFAULT,
           NULL,
           NULL,
           hInstance,
           NULL);
       if(!mainframe_hwnd)
           MessageBox(NULL, _T("主框架创建失败!"), _T("Error"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);
   //4.显示窗口
       ShowWindow(mainframe_hwnd, nShowCmd);

//5.刷新窗口
UpdateWindow(mainframe_hwnd);

   //6.信息捕获
       MSG mainframe_msg;
       while (::GetMessage(&mainframe_msg, NULL, 0, 0))
       {
           ::TranslateMessage(&mainframe_msg);//TranslateMessage是用来把虚拟键消息转换为字符消息。
           ::DispatchMessage(&mainframe_msg);//消息调度
       }
       return mainframe_msg.wParam;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
   //处理消息
   static HWND hClient = NULL,hChild=NULL;
   static HINSTANCE hInstance = NULL;
   CLIENTCREATESTRUCT cs = { 0 };
   switch (message)
   {
       /*1.关不窗口时，会收到该消息，PostQuitMessage()像系统表明终止当前线程，没有这个函数的话，窗口不会关闭*/
   case WM_DESTROY:
       PostQuitMessage(0);//用于相应关闭消息，否则线程不会关闭，导致系统阻塞
       return 0;

   case WM_CREATE:

       cs.hWindowMenu = GetSubMenu(GetMenu(hwnd), 10);
       cs.idFirstChild = 10;//第一个子窗口与之关联的菜单项ID
       hInstance = GetModuleHandle(NULL);
       hClient = CreateWindow(_T("MDICLIENT"), g_ClientFrame, WS_CHILD | WS_CLIPCHILDREN | WS_VISIBLE,
           0, 0,100,100,
           hwnd, (HMENU)IDR_ClientMenu, hInstance, &cs);//第一个参数为MDICLIENT
       if (!hClient)
           MessageBox(NULL, _T("客户区创建失败!"), _T("Error"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);
       return 0;
   case WM_COMMAND:
   {
           switch (LOWORD(wParam))
           {
               case ID_MCS1:
               {
                   //创建子窗口
               MDICREATESTRUCT mcs = { 0 };
               mcs.x = CW_USEDEFAULT;
               mcs.y = CW_USEDEFAULT;
               mcs.cx =CW_USEDEFAULT;
               mcs.cy = CW_USEDEFAULT;//设置子窗口的大小
                   mcs.hOwner = hInstance;
                   mcs.style = WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_CLIPCHILDREN;//设置了为子窗口WS_CHILD
                   mcs.szClass = g_ChildFrame[0];
                   mcs.szTitle = g_ChildFrame[0];

                   hChild = (HWND)::SendMessage(hClient, WM_MDICREATE,
                       0, (LPARAM)(LPMDICREATESTRUCT)&mcs);
                   if (!hChild)
                           MessageBox(NULL, _T(" 子窗口创建失败!"), _T("Error"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);

                   return 0;
               }
               return 0;
               default: return 0;
           }
       }
   return 0;
   }
   //将不需要处理的消息传递给系统作默认处理
   return DefFrameProc(hwnd, hClient,message, wParam, lParam);
   //return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);在窗口程序中使用
}

LRESULT CALLBACK ChildProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
   HINSTANCE hInstance;
   HMENU hMenu, hSubMenu;
   switch (message)
   {
   case WM_CREATE:
   {
       //关联对应的菜单，本程序只拥有一个菜单，如果想每个子文档关联不同的菜单也是可以的，最后需要重绘菜单 DrawMenu
       hInstance = ::GetModuleHandle(NULL);
       hMenu = ::LoadMenu(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MainFrame));
       hSubMenu = ::GetSubMenu(hMenu, 0);
       SendMessage(GetParent(hwnd), WM_MDISETMENU, (WPARAM)hMenu, (LPARAM)hSubMenu);

   }
   return 0;

   case WM_QUERYENDSESSION:
   case WM_CLOSE:
   {
       if (IDOK == MessageBox(hwnd, _T("确定?"), _T("关闭"), MB_ICONQUESTION | MB_OK))
       {
           break;
       }
   }
   return 0;

   default:
       break;
   }
   return DefMDIChildProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}