Swift的笔记和参考

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Create Class 创建类（重载效果）

// Create Class 创建类
class MyClass {// Properties 成员变量
    init() {// Constructor 构造函数
    }// Method 成员方法
    func doIt() {println("doIt")}func doIt() -> Int {return 0}func doIt(a:Int) -> Int {return a}func doIt(a:Int, b:Int) -> Int {return a + b}func doIt() -> String {return ""}func doIt(a:String) -> String {return a}func doIt(a:String, b:String) -> String {return a + b}}// Create / Using an Instance 创建 / 使用 一个实例
var a = MyClass()
a.doIt("Wang ", b: "Zhipeng")

Enums 枚举

// Enums 枚举
enum ComcSoftType: Int {case DevelopmentEngineer = 1case TestEngineer = 2}var myType = ComcSoftType.DevelopmentEngineer

Declaring Variables 变量的声明（可选变量）

// Declaring Variables 变量的声明
var mutableDouble:Double = 1.0
mutableDouble = 2.0let constantDouble:Double = 1.0
//constantDouble = 2.0 Error 错误

var autoDouble = 1.0// Optional Value 可选变量 （新机制）
var optionDouble:Double? //此刻 optionDouble 根本没有分配内存，对其取地址: &optionDouble 为NULL
optionDouble = 1.0 //这时候开始 optionDouble 才会开始分配内存if let defineDouble = optionDouble {println("已经分配内存")
}
else {println("没有分配内存")
}

Control Flow 控制流

// Control Flow 控制流
var condition = true
if condition {println("正确")
}
else {println("错误")
}var val = "Four"
switch val {case "One":"One"case "Two", "Three":"Two, Three"default:"default"
}// omits upper value, use ... to include  省略了上限值，使用 ... 包括
for i in 0..3 {println("i = \(i)")
}for var j = 0; j < 3; ++j {println("j = \(j)")
}// While
var n = 2
while n < 100 {n = n * 2
}
println(n)var m = 2
do {m = m * 2
} while m < 100
println(m)

String Quick Examples 字符串的例子

// String Quick Examples 字符串的例子
var firstName = "Zhipeng"
var lastName = "Wang"
var helloString = "Hello, \(lastName) \(firstName)"var tipString = "2499"
var tipInt = tipString.toInt()extension Double {init (string:String) {self = Double(string.bridgeToObjectiveC().doubleValue)}
}
tipString = "24.99"
var tipDouble = Double(string:tipString)

Array Quick Examples 数组的例子

// Array Quick Examples 数组的例子
var person1 = "One"
var person2 = "Two"
var array:String[] = [person1, person2]
array += "Three"
for person in array {println("person: \(person)")
}
var personTwo = array[1]
println("personTwo: \(personTwo)")

Dictionary Quick Examples 字典的例子（泛型效果）

// Dictionary Quick Examples 字典的例子
var dic:Dictionary<String, String> = ["One": "1","Two": "2","Three": "3"]
dic["Three"] = "4" // Update Three
dic["One"] = nil // Delete One
for(key, value) in dic {println("key: \(key), value: \(value)")
}

Function 函数

// Function 函数
func getPirces() -> (Double, Double, Double) {return (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) // tuple 元组
}
// 取出元组
var (one, two, three) = getPirces()
println("One = \(one), Two = \(two), Three = \(three)")func getSum(numbers:Int...) -> Int {var sum = 0for number in numbers {sum += number}return sum
}
getSum()
getSum(1, 3, 5, 7, 9)

函数嵌套

// 函数嵌套
func nestedFunction() -> Int {var x = 0//
    func add() {x += 1}//
    add()return x
}

函数传递

// 函数传递
func makeIncrementer() -> (Int -> Int) {func addOne(number:Int) -> Int {return number + 1}return addOne
}var increment = makeIncrementer()
increment(1)func makeIncrementer2() -> ((String, String) -> String) {func and(a:String, b:String) -> String {return a + b}return and
}
var increment2 = makeIncrementer2()
increment2("Wang ", "zhieng")func lessThanOne(number:Int) -> Bool {return number < 1
}
func makeIncrementer3(list:Int[], condition:Int -> Bool) -> Bool {for number in list {if condition(number) {return true}}return false
}
makeIncrementer3([1,2,3,4,5], lessThanOne)

Extends 继承 (多态效果)

// Extends 继承 (多态效果)
println("======================= Extends 继承")
class People {// Eat 吃
    func eat() {println("吃")}// Sleep 睡
    func sleep() {println("睡")}// Work 工作
    func work() {println("工作")}// Said 说
    func said() {println("我是人")}
}class Chinese:People {// Said 说override func said() {println("我是中国人")}
}class Americans:People {// Said 说override func said() {println("我是美国人")}
}class Alien {// Eat 吃
    func unknown() {println("外星人")}
}// 不支持多继承
//class futureGenerations:Chinese, Americans { // Multiple inheritance from classes 'Chinese' and 'Americans'
//    // Said 说
//    override func said() {
//        println("我是中国人和美国人的后代")
//    }
//}// 多态 必要条件:1.继承 2.重写 3.父类引用指向子类对象
var people = People()
people.said()
people = Chinese()
people.said()
people = Americans()
people.said()
//people = Alien() Error 'Alien' is not convertible to 'People'
//people.said()

var chinese = Chinese()
chinese.said()var americans = Americans()
americans.said()