本题要求实现顺序表的操作集。
函数接口定义:
List MakeEmpty();
Position Find( List L, ElementType X );
bool Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P );
bool Delete( List L, Position P );
其中List
结构定义如下:
typedef int Position;
typedef struct LNode *List;
struct LNode {ElementType Data[MAXSIZE];Position Last; /* 保存线性表中最后一个元素的位置 */
};
各个操作函数的定义为:
List MakeEmpty()
创建并返回一个空的线性表;
Position Find( List L, ElementType X )
返回线性表中X的位置。若找不到则返回ERROR;
bool Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P )
:将X插入在位置P并返回true。若空间已满,则打印“FULL”并返回false;如果参数P指向非法位置,则打印“ILLEGAL POSITION”并返回false;
bool Delete( List L, Position P )
:将位置P的元素删除并返回true。若参数P指向非法位置,则打印“POSITION P EMPTY”(其中P是参数值)并返回false。
裁判测试程序样例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>#define MAXSIZE 5
#define ERROR -1
typedef enum {false, true} bool;
typedef int ElementType;
typedef int Position;
typedef struct LNode *List;
struct LNode {ElementType Data[MAXSIZE];Position Last; /* 保存线性表中最后一个元素的位置 */
};List MakeEmpty();
Position Find( List L, ElementType X );
bool Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P );
bool Delete( List L, Position P );int main()
{List L;ElementType X;Position P;int N;L = MakeEmpty();scanf("%d", &N);while ( N-- ) {scanf("%d", &X);if ( Insert(L, X, 0)==false )printf(" Insertion Error: %d is not in.\n", X);}scanf("%d", &N);while ( N-- ) {scanf("%d", &X);P = Find(L, X);if ( P == ERROR )printf("Finding Error: %d is not in.\n", X);elseprintf("%d is at position %d.\n", X, P);}scanf("%d", &N);while ( N-- ) {scanf("%d", &P);if ( Delete(L, P)==false )printf(" Deletion Error.\n");if ( Insert(L, 0, P)==false )printf(" Insertion Error: 0 is not in.\n");}return 0;
}/* 你的代码将被嵌在这里 */
输入样例:
6
1 2 3 4 5 6
3
6 5 1
2
-1 6
输出样例:
FULL Insertion Error: 6 is not in.
Finding Error: 6 is not in.
5 is at position 0.
1 is at position 4.
POSITION -1 EMPTY Deletion Error.
FULL Insertion Error: 0 is not in.
POSITION 6 EMPTY Deletion Error.
FULL Insertion Error: 0 is not in.
第一次的错误代码:
List MakeEmpty() //错误!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
{struct LNode pop;List L=&pop;return L;
}
Position Find( List L, ElementType X )//find正确
{int i;for(i=0;i<=L->Last;i++){if(L->Data[i]==X)return i;}return ERROR;
}
bool Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P )
{int i;if(L->Last==MAXSIZE-1){printf("FULL");return false;}if(P>=MAXSIZE||P<0) // 改为 P>L->Last+1||P<0{printf("ILLEGAL POSITION");return false;}for( i=L->Last;i>=P;i--){L->Data[i+1]=L->Data[i];}L->Data[P]=X;L->Last++;return true;
}
bool Delete( List L, Position P )
{int i;if(P>=MAXSIZE||P<0){printf("POSITION P EMPTY"); //题目中说了P是参数,应为%dreturn false;}for( i=P;i<=L->Last;i++) //改为i < L->Last{L->Data[i]=L->Data[i+1];}L->Last--;return true;
}
错因:忘了局部变量在函数调用完成后就不存在了,所以返回的地址不是指向结构体的。
正确代码:
List MakeEmpty(){List L;L=(List)malloc(sizeof(struct LNode));L->Last=-1;return L;
}
最终答案:
List MakeEmpty()
{List L;L=(List)malloc(sizeof(struct LNode));L->Last=-1;return L;
}
Position Find( List L, ElementType X )
{int i;for(i=0;i<=L->Last;i++){if(L->Data[i]==X)return i;}return ERROR;
}
bool Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P )
{int i;if(L->Last==MAXSIZE-1){printf("FULL");return false;}if(P>L->Last+1||P<0){printf("ILLEGAL POSITION");return false;}for( i=L->Last;i>=P;i--){L->Data[i+1]=L->Data[i];}L->Data[P]=X;L->Last++;return true;}
bool Delete( List L, Position P )
{Position j;if(P<0||P>L->Last){printf("POSITION %d EMPTY",P);return false;}for(j=P;j < L->Last;j++)L->Data[j]=L->Data[j+1];L->Last--;return true;}