1、获取网络信息，首先需要获取权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />

2.1我们通过ConnectivityManager可以获取状态，但是我们需要考虑到Android版本不同获取方式不同。

2.1.1hasCapability可以判断网络是否连接，常用参数如下：

 NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET:判断是否连上网

NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED:判断当前是否能上网，但是发现小米11Android12添加证书后，一直是false
 

 private static boolean netWorkState(Context context) {if (context != null) {try {ConnectivityManager connectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);// 通过版本去判断if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {Network network = connectivityManager.getActiveNetwork();//network 为空，则表示没有网络if (network != null) {NetworkCapabilities capabilities = connectivityManager.getNetworkCapabilities(network);// NetworkCapabilities   为空，则表示没有网络if (capabilities != null) {//capabilities.hasCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED) 小米11，android 12系统这个值一直是falsereturn capabilities.hasCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET);}}} else {NetworkInfo info = connectivityManager.getActiveNetworkInfo();if (info != null) {return info.isAvailable();}}return false;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}return true;}

2.1.2hasCapability可以判断网络类型，常用参数如下：

NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI：表示接入的是WIFI网络
NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR：表示接入的是数据网络

 public static void networkType(NetworkCapabilities networkCapabilities) {if (networkCapabilities.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)) {//当前在使用Mobile流量上网} else if (networkCapabilities.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI)) {//当前在使用WiFi上网} else if (networkCapabilities.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_BLUETOOTH)) {//当前使用蓝牙上网} else if (networkCapabilities.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_ETHERNET)) {//当前使用以太网上网} else if (networkCapabilities.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_VPN)) {当前使用VPN上网} else if (networkCapabilities.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI_AWARE)) {//表示此网络使用Wi-Fi感知传输} else if (networkCapabilities.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_LOWPAN)) {//表示此网络使用LoWPAN传输} else if (networkCapabilities.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_USB)) {//表示此网络使用USB传输} else {//未知}}

2.2异步通过registerDefaultNetworkCallback获取网络状态（华为手机，在使用过程，网络状态不准确）

 ConnectivityManager  connectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);if (connectivityManager != null) {//注册 NetworkCallBackif (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {connectivityManager.registerDefaultNetworkCallback(networkCallBack);}}

2.2.1networkCallBack

 private ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback networkCallBack = new ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback() {private static final String TAG = "TAG";@Overridepublic void onCapabilitiesChanged(@NonNull Network network, @NonNull NetworkCapabilities networkCapabilities) {super.onCapabilitiesChanged(network, networkCapabilities);if (NetworkUtils.netWorkState(getBaseContext())) {Log.i(TAG, "onCapabilitiesChanged ---> ====网络可正常上网===网络类型为： " + NetworkUtils.networkType(MainActivity.this));}}@Overridepublic void onAvailable(@NonNull Network network) {super.onAvailable(network);Log.i(TAG, "==网络连接成功，通知可以使用的时候调用====onAvailable===");}@Overridepublic void onUnavailable() {super.onUnavailable();Log.i(TAG, "==当网络连接超时或网络请求达不到可用要求时调用====onUnavailable===");}@Overridepublic void onBlockedStatusChanged(@NonNull Network network, boolean blocked) {super.onBlockedStatusChanged(network, blocked);Log.i(TAG, "==当访问指定的网络被阻止或解除阻塞时调用===onBlockedStatusChanged==");}@Overridepublic void onLosing(@NonNull Network network, int maxMsToLive) {super.onLosing(network, maxMsToLive);Log.i(TAG, "==当网络正在断开连接时调用===onLosing===");}@Overridepublic void onLost(@NonNull Network network) {super.onLost(network);Log.i(TAG, "==当网络已断开连接时调用===onLost===");}@Overridepublic void onLinkPropertiesChanged(@NonNull Network network, @NonNull LinkProperties linkProperties) {super.onLinkPropertiesChanged(network, linkProperties);Log.i(TAG, "==当网络连接的属性被修改时调用===onLinkPropertiesChanged===");}};

2.3异步通过ping方式判断网络状态

try {Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();Process p = runtime.exec("ping -c 1 8.8.8.8");int waitFor = p.waitFor();return waitFor == 0;} catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
return false;