我们在写Rest API接口时候会用到很多的@RequestParam和@PathVariable进行参数的传递,但是在校验的时候,不像使用@RequestBody那样的直接写在实体类中,我们这篇文章讲解一下如何去校验这些参数。
依赖配置
- 要使用Java Validation API,我们必须添加validation-api依赖项:
<dependency><groupId>javax.validation</groupId><artifactId>validation-api</artifactId><version>2.0.1.Final</version>
</dependency>
- 通过添加@Validated注解来启用控制器中的@RequestParams和@PathVariables的验证:
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/")
@Validated
public class Controller {// ...
}
校验@RequestParam
- 我们将数字作为请求参数传递给控制器方法
@GetMapping("/name-for-day")
public String getNameOfDayByNumber(@RequestParam Integer dayOfWeek) {// ...
}
- 我们保证dayOfWeek的值在1到7之间,我们使用@Min和@Max注解
@GetMapping("/name-for-day")
public String getNameOfDayByNumber(@RequestParam @Min(1) @Max(7) Integer dayOfWeek) {// ...
}
任何与这些条件不匹配的请求都将返回HTTP状态500,并显示默认错误消息。
如果我们尝试调用http://localhost:8080/name-for-day?dayOfWeek=24这将返回以下响应信息:
There was an unexpected error (type=Internal Server Error, status=500).
getNameOfDayByNumber.dayOfWeek: must be less than or equal to 7
当然我们也可以在@Min和@Max注解后面加上message
参数进行修改默认的返回信息。
校验@PathVariable
和校验@RequestParam一样,我们可以使用javax.validation.constraints包中的注解来验证@PathVariable。
- 验证String参数不是空且长度小于或等于10
@GetMapping("/valid-name/{name}")
public void test(@PathVariable("name") @NotBlank @Size(max = 10) String username) {// ...
}
- 任何名称参数超过10个字符的请求都会导致以下错误消息:
There was an unexpected error (type=Internal Server Error, status=500).
createUser.name:size must be between 0 and 10
通过在@Size注解中设置message参数,可以覆盖默认消息。
其实我们可以看到校验@RequestParam和@PathVariable参数和我们校验@RequestBody方式一致,只不过一个是写在了实体中,一个写在了外部,当然我们也可以将@RequestParam的参数写入到实体类中,进行使用@RequestParam注解进行引入,比如我们使用一个分页的实例
- 分页实体类
/*** Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file* distributed with this work for additional information* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at* <p>* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0* <p>* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and* limitations under the License.*/
package com.zhuanqb.param.page;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotBlank;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotEmpty;import javax.validation.constraints.Max;
import javax.validation.constraints.Min;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;/*** PageParam <br/>* 描述 : PageParam <br/>* 作者 : qianmoQ <br/>* 版本 : 1.0 <br/>* 创建时间 : 2018-09-23 下午7:40 <br/>* 联系作者 : <a href="mailTo:shichengoooo@163.com">qianmoQ</a>*/
@Data
@ToString
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class PageParam {@NotNull(message = "每页数据显示数量不能为空")@Min(value = 5)@Max(value = 100)private Integer size; // 每页数量@NotNull(message = "当前页显示数量不能为空")@Min(value = 1)@Max(value = Integer.MAX_VALUE)private Integer page; // 当前页数private Boolean flag = true;}
- @RequestParam调用方式
@GetMapping(value = "list")public CommonResponseModel findAll(@Validated PageParam param) {...}
这样的话可以使我们的校验定制化更加简单。