FFMPEG4.0 音频解码解封装
FFMPEG 音频封装编码
下面的函数方法基于最新的FFMPEG 4.0(4.X):
本文讲是如何从一个视频文件中提取出其中的图像数据,并将图像数据保存到文件中。
解码解封装的过程与音频差不多,具体如下:
1.读取视频文件的格式信息
fmt_ctx = avformat_alloc_context();avformat_open_input(&fmt_ctx,input,NULL,NULL);avformat_find_stream_info(fmt_ctx,NULL);
2.获取视频流
int st_index = av_find_best_stream(fmt_ctx,AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,-1,-1,NULL,0);LOGV("st_index = %d\n",st_index);AVStream *st = fmt_ctx->streams[st_index];
3.准备×××与解码context
AVCodec *codec = avcodec_find_decoder(st->codecpar->codec_id);AVCodecContext *codec_ctx = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);
4.拷贝视频流中的参数到×××context中并打开×××
avcodec_parameters_to_context(codec_ctx,st->codecpar);avcodec_open2(codec_ctx,codec,NULL);
5.读取视频的格式、宽高信息
int width = codec_ctx->width;int height = codec_ctx->height;enum AVPixelFormat pixel_fmt = codec_ctx->pix_fmt;
6.申请图像存储空间
uint8_t *dst_buf[4] = {0};int dst_linesize[4];int size = av_image_alloc(dst_buf,dst_linesize,width,height,pixel_fmt,1);
7.申明存储原始数据与解码后数据的packet与frame
AVFrame *frame = av_frame_alloc();AVPacket *packet = av_packet_alloc();
8.读取数据,只取用视频数据
int ret = av_read_frame(fmt_ctx,packet);
//读取到的packet不仅仅是图像数据,还有音频、字幕等数据。
if(packet->stream_index != st_index)
{continue;
}
9.发送数据进行解码ret = avcodec_send_packet(codec_ctx,packet);
10.接收解码后的原始数据,这是个反复的过程,一个packet可能解码出好几个frame
ret = avcodec_receive_frame(codec_ctx,frame);if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN) || ret == AVERROR_EOF) //packet解码完了,需要sentbreak;if(ret < 0) {return 1;}
注意:收到的frame可能存在宽高或者fmt格式变化这种情况,后面的流程代码没有考虑这种情况(这种奇葩视频应该不会遇到)
if(frame->width != width || frame->height != height || frame->format != pixel_fmt){LOGV("eeeeeeeeeeeee");}
11.把frame中的数据拷贝到事先准备的dst_buf中。二维指针数组看作一位数组。av_image_copy(dst_buf,dst_linesize,frame->data,frame->linesize,pixel_fmt,width,height);
12.把数据写入文件。fwrite(dst_buf[0],1,size,out_file);
下面贴一段完整的示例代码,代码没有考虑失败的情况,结尾没有搞释放,也没有flush×××,示例只是为了掌握整个核心解码流程。
/** demuxing_decode_video.c** Created on: 2019年1月8日* Author: deanliu*/#include <libavutil/imgutils.h>
#include <libavutil/samplefmt.h>
#include <libavutil/timestamp.h>
#include <libavformat/avformat.h>static char log_buf[1024*8];
#define LOGV(...) av_log(NULL,AV_LOG_VERBOSE,__VA_ARGS__)void ffmpeg_log_callback(void* ptr, int level, const char* fmt, va_list vl)
{static int print_prefix = 1;av_log_format_line(ptr,level,fmt,vl,log_buf,sizeof(log_buf),&print_prefix);fprintf(stderr,"%s",log_buf);
}int main()
{av_log_set_callback(ffmpeg_log_callback);char *input = "E:/测试音视频/12种格式视频/test.avi";char *output = "d:/video.v";FILE *out_file = fopen(output,"wb");AVFormatContext *fmt_ctx;fmt_ctx = avformat_alloc_context();avformat_open_input(&fmt_ctx,input,NULL,NULL);avformat_find_stream_info(fmt_ctx,NULL);int st_index = av_find_best_stream(fmt_ctx,AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,-1,-1,NULL,0);LOGV("st_index = %d\n",st_index);AVStream *st = fmt_ctx->streams[st_index];AVCodec *codec = avcodec_find_decoder(st->codecpar->codec_id);AVCodecContext *codec_ctx = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);avcodec_parameters_to_context(codec_ctx,st->codecpar);avcodec_open2(codec_ctx,codec,NULL);int width = codec_ctx->width;int height = codec_ctx->height;enum AVPixelFormat pixel_fmt = codec_ctx->pix_fmt;uint8_t *dst_buf[4] = {0};int dst_linesize[4];int size = av_image_alloc(dst_buf,dst_linesize,width,height,pixel_fmt,1);AVFrame *frame = av_frame_alloc();AVPacket *packet = av_packet_alloc();while(1){LOGV("READ\n");int ret = av_read_frame(fmt_ctx,packet);if(ret < 0){LOGV("ret = %d\n",ret);break;}if(packet->stream_index != st_index){continue;}LOGV("SENT\n");ret = avcodec_send_packet(codec_ctx,packet);if(ret < 0){return 1;}while(ret >= 0){LOGV("receiver\n");ret = avcodec_receive_frame(codec_ctx,frame);if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN) || ret == AVERROR_EOF)break;if(ret < 0) {return 1;}if(frame->width != width || frame->height != height || frame->format != pixel_fmt){LOGV("eeeeeeeeeeeee");}av_image_copy(dst_buf,dst_linesize,frame->data,frame->linesize,pixel_fmt,width,height);LOGV("dst_buf = %d,%d,%d,%d\n",dst_buf[2][0],dst_buf[1][1],dst_buf[0][2],dst_buf[0][3]);fwrite(dst_buf[0],1,size,out_file);}}LOGV("dst_linesize = %d,%d,%d,%d\n",dst_linesize[0],dst_linesize[1],dst_linesize[2],size);printf("Play the output video file with the command:\n""ffplay -f rawvideo -pix_fmt %s -video_size %dx%d %s\n",av_get_pix_fmt_name(pixel_fmt), width, height,output);LOGV("END!!");fclose(out_file);return 0;
}
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/4095821/2402711