接口测试——python接口开发（二）

1. python接口开发框架Flask简介与安装

2. 使用Flask开发一个Get接口

3. 使用Flask开发一个Post接口

4. Flask结合PyMySQL接口与数据库的交互

1. python接口开发框架Flask简介与安装

Flask接口测试框架的简介与安装
Flask是轻量级的web开发框架
相比于其他框架，Flask更自由，灵活
相比于其他框架，Flask更容易上手

Flask安装网址：Flask 中文网

安装Flask：pip install Flask

2. 使用Flask开发一个Get接口

开发get接口

from flask import Flaskapp = Flask(__name__)@app.route("/")
def hello_world():return "hello world qqqqqq"if __name__ == "__main__":app.run()

输入以上代码得出以此后的链接：http://127.0.0.1:5000

如果想连续网址后面的参数，那就在写代码时添加/hello后，再打开原有的网址后添加/hello，再重启

http://127.0.0.1:5000/hello

如果只是在网址后随意输入任意参数结果是无法接收到的

以下解决方法：

from flask import Flaskapp = Flask(__name__)@app.route("/")
def hello_world():return "hello world qqqqqq"@app.route("/hello")
def hello_world2():return "hello22222"@app.route("/hello/<username>")
def hello_world3(username):print(username)return "hello22222"  + usernameif __name__ == "__main__":app.run()

重启之后打开：http://127.0.0.1:5000/hello/aaa

并在python里打印出了aaa
路径不能一样，否则打印结果一样
以下代码修改路径之后再重启

from flask import Flask,requestapp = Flask(__name__)@app.route("/")
def hello_world():return "hello world qqqqqq"@app.route("/hello")
def hello_world2():return "hello22222"@app.route("/hello/<username>")
def hello_world3(username):print(username)return "hello22222"  + username@app.route("/hello/args/<username>")
def hello_world4(username):print(username)key = request.args.get("key")print(key)return "hello22222"  + username + "::::" + keyif __name__ == "__main__":app.run()

重启之后打开：http://127.0.0.1:5000/hello/args/aaa?key=qqqqqq

并在python里打印出了aaa和qqqqqq
如果想在网址后方添加value以下代码

from flask import Flask,requestapp = Flask(__name__)@app.route("/")
def hello_world():return "hello world qqqqqq"@app.route("/hello")
def hello_world2():return "hello22222"@app.route("/hello/<username>")
def hello_world3(username):print(username)return "hello22222"  + username@app.route("/hello/args/<username>")
def hello_world4(username):print(username)key = request.args.get("key")value = request.args.get("value")print(key)return "hello22222"  + username + "::::" + key + "::::" + valueif __name__ == "__main__":app.run()

重启之后打开http://127.0.0.1:5000/hello/args/aaa?key=qqqqqq&value=vvvvv

并在python里打印出了aaa和qqqqqq和vvvvv

3. 使用Flask开发一个Post接口

端口号可以在这里修改
开发post接口

from flask import Flask,requestapp = Flask(__name__)@app.route("/mypost",methods=["post"])
def my_post():return "post request"if __name__ == "__main__":app.run(port=5555)

如果直接打开这个链接是无法访问的http://127.0.0.1:5555/mypost

修改后的代码：

from flask import Flask,requestapp = Flask(__name__)@app.route("/mypost",methods=["post"])
def my_post():return "post request"@app.route("/mypost1",methods=["post"])
def my_post1():# 表单数据类型username =request.form["username"]sex = request.form["sex"]print(username)print(sex)return "post request" + username + "::" + sex@app.route("/mypost1",methods=["post"])
def my_post2():# json数据类型request_data =request.get_json()sex = request.form["sex"]print(request_data)print(request_data["user"])return "post request" + str(request_data)if __name__ == "__main__":app.run(port=5555)

4. Flask结合PyMySQL接口与数据库的交互

Installation — PyMySQL 0.7.2 documentation

这时我们需要打开python下方Terminal
输入exit（）回车后弹出输入页面
输入：pip install PyMySQL
mysql的基本连接信息

import pymysql
from flask import Flask# 这里是mysql的基本连接信息
conn = pymysql.connect(host="192.168.1.116",user="root",password="123",database="nydb1",charset="utf8"
)cursor = conn.cursor()app = Flask(__name__)@app.route("/")
def hello_world():sel = "select * from school"result = cursor.execute(sql)# 得到查询后的真正的结果r = cursor.fetchall()print(r)return str(r)if __name__ == "__main__":app.run()