ansible报错解决：Failed to import the required Python library (netaddr)

问题情况

今天我在做实验的时候出现了一个问题，以下是我的playbook，这个playbook是验证变量ip_address是否是一个合法的IP地址，并打印相应的信息的一个剧本

[root@localhost ansible]# vim test6.yml 
- hosts: testvars:ip_address: "192.168.2455.1"tasks:- name: "判断{{ip_address}}是否为合法ip"debug:msg: "{{ ip_address | ipaddr}}"
# 执行结果
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible-playbook test6.yml PLAY [test] *************************************************************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.200.20]TASK [判断192.168.2455.1是否为合法ip] *********************************************************************************************
fatal: [192.168.200.20]: FAILED! => {"msg": "template error while templating string: Could not load \"ipaddr\": 'Invalid plugin FQCN (ansible.netcommon.ipaddr): unable to locate collection ansible.netcommon'. String: {{ ip_address | ipaddr}}. Could not load \"ipaddr\": 'Invalid plugin FQCN (ansible.netcommon.ipaddr): unable to locate collection ansible.netcommon'"}PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.200.20             : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=1    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0 

这里报错没有识别ipaddr这个集合，并告诉你没有安装ansible.netcommon.ipaddr集合，这时候我们安装集合就好了对吧

# 安装集合
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible-galaxy collection install /root/ansible-netcommon-6.1.1.tar.gz 
Starting galaxy collection install process
Process install dependency map
Starting collection install process
Downloading https://galaxy.ansible.com/api/v3/plugin/ansible/content/published/collections/artifacts/ansible-utils-4.1.0.tar.gz to /root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-local-4770j3qwrbe5/tmptvw6n2g6/ansible-utils-4.1.0-_5mvcxlt
Installing 'ansible.netcommon:6.1.1' to '/root/ansible/mycollection/ansible_collections/ansible/netcommon'
ansible.netcommon:6.1.1 was installed successfully
Installing 'ansible.utils:4.1.0' to '/root/ansible/mycollection/ansible_collections/ansible/utils'
ansible.utils:4.1.0 was installed successfully
# 查看集合
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible-galaxy collection list
# 这里是我自己设置的集合路径，显示已经安装了对吧
# /root/ansible/mycollection/ansible_collections
Collection        Version
----------------- -------
ansible.netcommon 6.1.1  
ansible.utils     4.1.0  

再次执行这个playbook

[root@localhost ansible]# ansible-playbook test6.yml PLAY [test] *************************************************************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.200.20]TASK [Set the IP address192.168.2455.1] *********************************************************************************************
[DEPRECATION WARNING]: Use 'ansible.utils.ipaddr' module instead. This feature will be removed from ansible.netcommon in a release 
after 2024-01-01. Deprecation warnings can be disabled by setting deprecation_warnings=False in ansible.cfg.
fatal: [192.168.200.20]: FAILED! => {"msg": "Failed to import the required Python library (netaddr) on localhost.localdomain's Python /usr/bin/python3.11. Please read the module documentation and install it in the appropriate location. If the required library is installed, but Ansible is using the wrong Python interpreter, please consult the documentation on ansible_python_interpreter"}
# 这个时候他告诉我们没有netaddr这个python库
# 这里我们安装这个python库
# 也是我自己出错的点，你ansible使用的是哪个python版本
# 你就要使用哪个版本来安装netaddr这个python库才行
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.200.20             : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=1    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   

解决问题

先查看ansible版本

[root@localhost ansible]# ansible --version
ansible [core 2.14.2]config file = /root/ansible/ansible.cfgconfigured module search path = ['/root/.ansible/plugins/modules', '/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python3.11/site-packages/ansibleansible collection location = /root/ansible/mycollection:/root/ansible/{{ ANSIBLE_HOME ~ "/collections:/usr/share/ansible/collections" }}executable location = /usr/bin/ansiblepython version = 3.11.2 (main, Feb 16 2023, 00:00:00) [GCC 11.3.1 20221121 (Red Hat 11.3.1-4)] (/usr/bin/python3.11)jinja version = 3.1.2libyaml = True
# 用的python3.11对吧
# 使用python3.11安装netaddr

安装netaddr这个python库

# 安装pip3.11
[root@localhost ansible]# yum install -y python3.11-pip.noarch 
# 创建python虚拟环境
python3.11 -m venv python_env
source python_env/bin/activate
(python_env) [root@localhost ansible]# pip3.11 install netaddr
Collecting netaddrUsing cached netaddr-1.2.1-py3-none-any.whl (2.3 MB)
Installing collected packages: netaddr
Successfully installed netaddr-1.2.1[notice] A new release of pip available: 22.3.1 -> 24.0
[notice] To update, run: pip install --upgrade pip

执行成功

(python_env) [root@localhost ansible]# ansible-playbook test6.yml PLAY [test] *************************************************************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.200.20]TASK [判断192.168.2455.1是否为合法ip] ***********************************************************************************************
[DEPRECATION WARNING]: Use 'ansible.utils.ipaddr' module instead. This feature will be removed from ansible.netcommon in a release 
after 2024-01-01. Deprecation warnings can be disabled by setting deprecation_warnings=False in ansible.cfg.
# 这里告诉我们要使用完整的模块名字
ok: [192.168.200.20] => {"msg": false
}PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.200.20             : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0