JPA 基本查询（一）

JPA 查询简介示例

JPA教程 - JPA查询简介示例

最简单的JPQL查询选择单个实体类型的所有实例。

考虑下面的查询:

SELECT e
FROM Employee e

JPQL尽可能使用SQL语法。

SQL查询从表中选择。JPQL从应用程序域模型的实体中选择。

语法

选择查询的整体形式如下:

SELECT <select_expression>
FROM <from_clause>
[WHERE <conditional_expression>]
[ORDER BY <order_by_clause>]

例子

下面的代码来自PersonDaoImpl.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.List;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;@Transactional
public class PersonDaoImpl {public void test(){prepareData();List<Professor> l = em.createQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e").getResultList();for(Professor p:l){System.out.println(p);}}private void prepareData(){Professor p = new Professor();p.setId(0);p.setName("TOM");em.persist(p);}@PersistenceContextprivate EntityManager em;
}

以下代码来自Professor.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;@Entity
public class Professor {@Idprivate int id;private String name;private long salary;@Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)private Date startDate;@OneToOneprivate Address address;@OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();@ManyToOneprivate Department department;@ManyToOneprivate Professor manager;@OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();@ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int empNo) {this.id = empNo;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public long getSalary() {return salary;}public void setSalary(long salary) {this.salary = salary;}public Date getStartDate() {return startDate;}public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {this.startDate = startDate;}public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {return phones;}public void addPhone(Phone phone) {if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {getPhones().add(phone);if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);}phone.setProfessor(this);}}public Department getDepartment() {return department;}public void setDepartment(Department department) {if (this.department != null) {this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);}this.department = department;this.department.getProfessors().add(this);}public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {return directs;}public void addDirect(Professor employee) {if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {getDirects().add(employee);if (employee.getManager() != null) {employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);}employee.setManager(this);}}public Professor getManager() {return manager;}public void setManager(Professor manager) {this.manager = manager;}public Collection<Project> getProjects() {return projects;}public void addProject(Project project) {if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {getProjects().add(project);}if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {project.getProfessors().add(this);}}public Address getAddress() {return address;}public void setAddress(Address address) {this.address = address; }public String toString() {return "Professor " + getId() + ": name: " + getName() +", salary: " + getSalary() +", phones: " + getPhones() +", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());}}

下载 Query_Simple.zip

上面的代码生成以下结果。

以下是数据库转储。

Table Name: ADDRESSTable Name: DEPARTMENTTable Name: PHONETable Name: PROFESSORRow:Column Name: ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 0Column Name: NAME,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: TOMColumn Name: SALARY,Column Type: BIGINT:Column Value: 0Column Name: STARTDATE,Column Type: DATE:Column Value: nullColumn Name: ADDRESS_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: nullColumn Name: DEPARTMENT_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: nullColumn Name: MANAGER_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: nullTable Name: PROJECTTable Name: PROJECT_PROFESSOR

JPA 查询选择两个实体示例

JPA教程 - JPA查询选择两个实体示例

以下JPQL从两个实体中选择。

List l = em.createQuery("SELECT d, m  FROM Department d, Professor m WHERE d = m.department").getResultList();

例子

以下代码来自Professor.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;@Entity
public class Professor {@Idprivate int id;private String name;private long salary;@Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)private Date startDate;@OneToOneprivate Address address;@OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();@ManyToOneprivate Department department;@ManyToOneprivate Professor manager;@OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();@ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int empNo) {this.id = empNo;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public long getSalary() {return salary;}public void setSalary(long salary) {this.salary = salary;}public Date getStartDate() {return startDate;}public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {this.startDate = startDate;}public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {return phones;}public void addPhone(Phone phone) {if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {getPhones().add(phone);if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);}phone.setProfessor(this);}}public Department getDepartment() {return department;}public void setDepartment(Department department) {if (this.department != null) {this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);}this.department = department;this.department.getProfessors().add(this);}public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {return directs;}public void addDirect(Professor employee) {if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {getDirects().add(employee);if (employee.getManager() != null) {employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);}employee.setManager(this);}}public Professor getManager() {return manager;}public void setManager(Professor manager) {this.manager = manager;}public Collection<Project> getProjects() {return projects;}public void addProject(Project project) {if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {getProjects().add(project);}if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {project.getProfessors().add(this);}}public Address getAddress() {return address;}public void setAddress(Address address) {this.address = address; }public String toString() {return "Professor " + getId() + ": name: " + getName() +", salary: " + getSalary() +", phones: " + getPhones() +", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());}}

以下代码来自Address.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;@Entity
public class Address {@Idprivate int id;private String street;private String city;private String state;private String zip;public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getStreet() {return street;}public void setStreet(String address) {this.street = address;}public String getCity() {return city;}public void setCity(String city) {this.city = city;}public String getState() {return state;}public void setState(String state) {this.state = state;}public String getZip() {return zip;}public void setZip(String zip) {this.zip = zip;}public String toString() {return "Address id: " + getId() + ", street: " + getStreet() +", city: " + getCity() +", state: " + getState() +", zip: " + getZip();}}

下面的代码来自PersonDaoImpl.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.List;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;@Transactional
public class PersonDaoImpl {public void test(){prepareData();List l = em.createQuery("SELECT d, m  FROM Department d, Professor m WHERE d = m.department").getResultList();for(Object p:l){System.out.println(p);}}private void prepareData(){Professor p = new Professor();p.setId(0);p.setName("TOM");Department d = new Department();d.setId(1);d.setName("Design");p.setDepartment(d);d.getProfessors().add(p);em.persist(p);em.persist(d);}@PersistenceContextprivate EntityManager em;
}

以下代码来自Phone.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;@Entity
public class Phone {@Idprivate long id;private String number;private String type;@ManyToOneProfessor employee;public long getId() {return id;}public void setId(long id) {this.id = id;}public String getNumber() {return number;}public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {this.number = phoneNo;}public String getType() {return type;}public void setType(String phoneType) {this.type = phoneType;}public Professor getProfessor() {return employee;}public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {this.employee = employee;}public String toString() {return "Phone id: " + getId() + ", no: " + getNumber() +", type: " + getType();}
}

以下代码来自Project.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {@Idprotected int id;protected String name;@ManyToManyprotected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int projectNo) {this.id = projectNo;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String projectName) {this.name = projectName;}public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {return employees;}public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {getProfessors().add(employee);}if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {employee.getProjects().add(this);}}public String toString() {return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + " no: " + getId() + ", name: " + getName();}
}

下面的代码来自Department.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;@Entity
public class Department {@Idprivate int id;private String name;@OneToMany(mappedBy="department")private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int deptNo) {this.id = deptNo;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String deptName) {this.name = deptName;}public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {return employees;}public String toString() {return "Department no: " + getId() + ", name: " + getName();}
}

下载 Query_Select_Two_Entities.zip

上面的代码生成以下结果。

以下是数据库转储。

Table Name: ADDRESSTable Name: DEPARTMENTRow:Column Name: ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 1Column Name: NAME,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: DesignTable Name: PHONETable Name: PROFESSORRow:Column Name: ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 0Column Name: NAME,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: TOMColumn Name: SALARY,Column Type: BIGINT:Column Value: 0Column Name: STARTDATE,Column Type: DATE:Column Value: nullColumn Name: ADDRESS_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: nullColumn Name: DEPARTMENT_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 1Column Name: MANAGER_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: nullTable Name: PROJECTTable Name: PROJECT_PROFESSOR

JPA 查询选择两个属性示例

JPA教程 - JPA查询选择两个属性示例

从别名开始，我们可以使用点（.）运算符浏览实体关系。

以下JPQL从一个实体中选择两个属性。

    List l = em.createQuery("SELECT e.name, e.salary FROM Professor e")

例子

下面的代码来自PersonDaoImpl.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.List;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;@Transactional
public class PersonDaoImpl {public void test() {prepareData();List l = em.createQuery("SELECT e.name, e.salary FROM Professor e").getResultList();for (Object p : l) {printResult(p);}}private void prepareData() {Professor p = new Professor();p.setId(0);p.setName("TOM");Department d = new Department();d.setId(1);d.setName("Design");p.setDepartment(d);d.getProfessors().add(p);em.persist(p);em.persist(d);}private static void printResult(Object result) {if (result == null) {System.out.print("NULL");} else if (result instanceof Object[]) {Object[] row = (Object[]) result;System.out.print("[");for (int i = 0; i < row.length; i++) {printResult(row[i]);}System.out.print("]");} else if (result instanceof Long || result instanceof Double|| result instanceof String) {System.out.print(result.getClass().getName() + ": " + result);} else {System.out.print(result);}System.out.println();}@PersistenceContextprivate EntityManager em;
}

以下代码来自Project.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {@Idprotected int id;protected String name;@ManyToManyprotected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int projectNo) {this.id = projectNo;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String projectName) {this.name = projectName;}public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {return employees;}public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {getProfessors().add(employee);}if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {employee.getProjects().add(this);}}public String toString() {return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + " no: " + getId() + ", name: " + getName();}
}

以下代码来自Phone.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;@Entity
public class Phone {@Idprivate long id;private String number;private String type;@ManyToOneProfessor employee;public long getId() {return id;}public void setId(long id) {this.id = id;}public String getNumber() {return number;}public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {this.number = phoneNo;}public String getType() {return type;}public void setType(String phoneType) {this.type = phoneType;}public Professor getProfessor() {return employee;}public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {this.employee = employee;}public String toString() {return "Phone id: " + getId() + ", no: " + getNumber() +", type: " + getType();}
}

以下代码来自Address.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;@Entity
public class Address {@Idprivate int id;private String street;private String city;private String state;private String zip;public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getStreet() {return street;}public void setStreet(String address) {this.street = address;}public String getCity() {return city;}public void setCity(String city) {this.city = city;}public String getState() {return state;}public void setState(String state) {this.state = state;}public String getZip() {return zip;}public void setZip(String zip) {this.zip = zip;}public String toString() {return "Address id: " + getId() + ", street: " + getStreet() +", city: " + getCity() +", state: " + getState() +", zip: " + getZip();}}

以下代码来自Professor.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;@Entity
public class Professor {@Idprivate int id;private String name;private long salary;@Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)private Date startDate;@OneToOneprivate Address address;@OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();@ManyToOneprivate Department department;@ManyToOneprivate Professor manager;@OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();@ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int empNo) {this.id = empNo;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public long getSalary() {return salary;}public void setSalary(long salary) {this.salary = salary;}public Date getStartDate() {return startDate;}public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {this.startDate = startDate;}public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {return phones;}public void addPhone(Phone phone) {if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {getPhones().add(phone);if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);}phone.setProfessor(this);}}public Department getDepartment() {return department;}public void setDepartment(Department department) {if (this.department != null) {this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);}this.department = department;this.department.getProfessors().add(this);}public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {return directs;}public void addDirect(Professor employee) {if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {getDirects().add(employee);if (employee.getManager() != null) {employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);}employee.setManager(this);}}public Professor getManager() {return manager;}public void setManager(Professor manager) {this.manager = manager;}public Collection<Project> getProjects() {return projects;}public void addProject(Project project) {if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {getProjects().add(project);}if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {project.getProfessors().add(this);}}public Address getAddress() {return address;}public void setAddress(Address address) {this.address = address; }public String toString() {return "Professor " + getId() + ": name: " + getName() +", salary: " + getSalary() +", phones: " + getPhones() +", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());}}

下面的代码来自Department.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;@Entity
public class Department {@Idprivate int id;private String name;@OneToMany(mappedBy="department")private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int deptNo) {this.id = deptNo;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String deptName) {this.name = deptName;}public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {return employees;}public String toString() {return "Department no: " + getId() + ", name: " + getName();}
}

下载 Query_Select_Two_Properties.zip

上面的代码生成以下结果。

以下是数据库转储。

Table Name: ADDRESSTable Name: DEPARTMENTRow:Column Name: ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 1Column Name: NAME,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: DesignTable Name: PHONETable Name: PROFESSORRow:Column Name: ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 0Column Name: NAME,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: TOMColumn Name: SALARY,Column Type: BIGINT:Column Value: 0Column Name: STARTDATE,Column Type: DATE:Column Value: nullColumn Name: ADDRESS_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: nullColumn Name: DEPARTMENT_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 1Column Name: MANAGER_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: nullTable Name: PROJECTTable Name: PROJECT_PROFESSOR

JPA 查询命名参数

JPA教程 - JPA查询命名参数示例

JPQL支持两种类型的参数绑定语法。

第一种是位置绑定，其中参数在查询字符串中通过问号后面跟随参数号来指示。

执行查询时，开发人员指定应替换的参数编号。

SELECT e
FROM Employee e
WHERE e.department = ?1 ANDe.salary > ?2

命名参数在查询字符串中用冒号后跟参数名称指示。

当执行查询时，开发人员指定应该替换的参数名称。

这种类型的参数允许更具描述性的参数说明符。

SELECT e
FROM Employee e
WHERE e.department = :dept ANDe.salary > :base

以下代码显示如何使用命名参数。

    List l = em.createQuery(    "SELECT e " +"FROM Professor e " +"WHERE e.department = :dept AND " +"      e.salary = (SELECT MAX(e2.salary) " +"                  FROM Professor e2 " +"                  WHERE e2.department = :dept)").setParameter("dept", d).getResultList();

例子

以下代码来自Address.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;@Entity
public class Address {@Idprivate int id;private String street;private String city;private String state;private String zip;public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getStreet() {return street;}public void setStreet(String address) {this.street = address;}public String getCity() {return city;}public void setCity(String city) {this.city = city;}public String getState() {return state;}public void setState(String state) {this.state = state;}public String getZip() {return zip;}public void setZip(String zip) {this.zip = zip;}public String toString() {return "Address id: " + getId() + ", street: " + getStreet() +", city: " + getCity() +", state: " + getState() +", zip: " + getZip();}}

下面的代码来自PersonDaoImpl.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.List;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;@Transactional
public class PersonDaoImpl {public void test() {prepareData();Department d = new Department();d.setId(1);d.setName("Design");List l = em.createQuery(    "SELECT e " +"FROM Professor e " +"WHERE e.department = :dept AND " +"      e.salary = (SELECT MAX(e2.salary) " +"                  FROM Professor e2 " +"                  WHERE e2.department = :dept)").setParameter("dept", d).getResultList();for (Object p : l) {printResult(p);}}private void prepareData() {Professor p = new Professor();p.setId(0);p.setName("TOM");p.setSalary(1111L);Department d = new Department();d.setId(1);d.setName("Design");p.setDepartment(d);d.getProfessors().add(p);em.persist(p);em.persist(d);}private static void printResult(Object result) {if (result == null) {System.out.print("NULL");} else if (result instanceof Object[]) {Object[] row = (Object[]) result;System.out.print("[");for (int i = 0; i < row.length; i++) {printResult(row[i]);}System.out.print("]");} else if (result instanceof Long || result instanceof Double|| result instanceof String) {System.out.print(result.getClass().getName() + ": " + result);} else {System.out.print(result);}System.out.println();}@PersistenceContextprivate EntityManager em;
}

下面的代码来自Department.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;@Entity
public class Department {@Idprivate int id;private String name;@OneToMany(mappedBy="department")private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int deptNo) {this.id = deptNo;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String deptName) {this.name = deptName;}public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {return employees;}public String toString() {return "Department no: " + getId() + ", name: " + getName();}
}

以下代码来自Project.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {@Idprotected int id;protected String name;@ManyToManyprotected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int projectNo) {this.id = projectNo;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String projectName) {this.name = projectName;}public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {return employees;}public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {getProfessors().add(employee);}if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {employee.getProjects().add(this);}}public String toString() {return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + " no: " + getId() + ", name: " + getName();}
}

以下代码来自Phone.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;@Entity
public class Phone {@Idprivate long id;private String number;private String type;@ManyToOneProfessor employee;public long getId() {return id;}public void setId(long id) {this.id = id;}public String getNumber() {return number;}public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {this.number = phoneNo;}public String getType() {return type;}public void setType(String phoneType) {this.type = phoneType;}public Professor getProfessor() {return employee;}public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {this.employee = employee;}public String toString() {return "Phone id: " + getId() + ", no: " + getNumber() +", type: " + getType();}
}

以下代码来自Professor.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;@Entity
public class Professor {@Idprivate int id;private String name;private long salary;@Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)private Date startDate;@OneToOneprivate Address address;@OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();@ManyToOneprivate Department department;@ManyToOneprivate Professor manager;@OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();@ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int empNo) {this.id = empNo;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public long getSalary() {return salary;}public void setSalary(long salary) {this.salary = salary;}public Date getStartDate() {return startDate;}public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {this.startDate = startDate;}public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {return phones;}public void addPhone(Phone phone) {if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {getPhones().add(phone);if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);}phone.setProfessor(this);}}public Department getDepartment() {return department;}public void setDepartment(Department department) {if (this.department != null) {this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);}this.department = department;this.department.getProfessors().add(this);}public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {return directs;}public void addDirect(Professor employee) {if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {getDirects().add(employee);if (employee.getManager() != null) {employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);}employee.setManager(this);}}public Professor getManager() {return manager;}public void setManager(Professor manager) {this.manager = manager;}public Collection<Project> getProjects() {return projects;}public void addProject(Project project) {if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {getProjects().add(project);}if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {project.getProfessors().add(this);}}public Address getAddress() {return address;}public void setAddress(Address address) {this.address = address; }public String toString() {return "Professor " + getId() + ": name: " + getName() +", salary: " + getSalary() +", phones: " + getPhones() +", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());}}

下载 Query_Named_Parameter.zip

上面的代码生成以下结果。

以下是数据库转储。

Table Name: ADDRESSTable Name: DEPARTMENTRow:Column Name: ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 1Column Name: NAME,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: DesignTable Name: PHONETable Name: PROFESSORRow:Column Name: ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 0Column Name: NAME,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: TOMColumn Name: SALARY,Column Type: BIGINT:Column Value: 1111Column Name: STARTDATE,Column Type: DATE:Column Value: nullColumn Name: ADDRESS_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: nullColumn Name: DEPARTMENT_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 1Column Name: MANAGER_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: nullTable Name: PROJECTTable Name: PROJECT_PROFESSOR

JPA 查询实体参数值示例

JPA教程 - JPA 查询实体参数值示例

以下代码显示如何将实体值作为JPQL的参数传递。

    List l = em.createQuery(    "SELECT e " +"FROM Professor e " +"WHERE e.department = :dept AND " +"      e.salary = (SELECT MAX(e2.salary) " +"                  FROM Professor e2 " +"                  WHERE e2.department = :dept)").setParameter("dept", d).getResultList();

例子

下面的代码来自Department.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;@Entity
public class Department {@Idprivate int id;private String name;@OneToMany(mappedBy="department")private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int deptNo) {this.id = deptNo;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String deptName) {this.name = deptName;}public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {return employees;}public String toString() {return "Department no: " + getId() + ", name: " + getName();}
}

以下代码来自Phone.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;@Entity
public class Phone {@Idprivate long id;private String number;private String type;@ManyToOneProfessor employee;public long getId() {return id;}public void setId(long id) {this.id = id;}public String getNumber() {return number;}public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {this.number = phoneNo;}public String getType() {return type;}public void setType(String phoneType) {this.type = phoneType;}public Professor getProfessor() {return employee;}public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {this.employee = employee;}public String toString() {return "Phone id: " + getId() + ", no: " + getNumber() +", type: " + getType();}
}

以下代码来自Address.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;@Entity
public class Address {@Idprivate int id;private String street;private String city;private String state;private String zip;public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getStreet() {return street;}public void setStreet(String address) {this.street = address;}public String getCity() {return city;}public void setCity(String city) {this.city = city;}public String getState() {return state;}public void setState(String state) {this.state = state;}public String getZip() {return zip;}public void setZip(String zip) {this.zip = zip;}public String toString() {return "Address id: " + getId() + ", street: " + getStreet() +", city: " + getCity() +", state: " + getState() +", zip: " + getZip();}}

下面的代码来自PersonDaoImpl.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.List;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;@Transactional
public class PersonDaoImpl {public void test() {prepareData();Department d = new Department();d.setId(1);d.setName("Design");List l = em.createQuery(    "SELECT e " +"FROM Professor e " +"WHERE e.department = :dept AND " +"      e.salary = (SELECT MAX(e2.salary) " +"                  FROM Professor e2 " +"                  WHERE e2.department = :dept)").setParameter("dept", d).getResultList();for (Object p : l) {printResult(p);}}private void prepareData() {Professor p = new Professor();p.setId(0);p.setName("TOM");p.setSalary(1111L);Department d = new Department();d.setId(1);d.setName("Design");p.setDepartment(d);d.getProfessors().add(p);em.persist(p);em.persist(d);}private static void printResult(Object result) {if (result == null) {System.out.print("NULL");} else if (result instanceof Object[]) {Object[] row = (Object[]) result;System.out.print("[");for (int i = 0; i < row.length; i++) {printResult(row[i]);}System.out.print("]");} else if (result instanceof Long || result instanceof Double|| result instanceof String) {System.out.print(result.getClass().getName() + ": " + result);} else {System.out.print(result);}System.out.println();}@PersistenceContextprivate EntityManager em;
}

以下代码来自Professor.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;@Entity
public class Professor {@Idprivate int id;private String name;private long salary;@Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)private Date startDate;@OneToOneprivate Address address;@OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();@ManyToOneprivate Department department;@ManyToOneprivate Professor manager;@OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();@ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int empNo) {this.id = empNo;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public long getSalary() {return salary;}public void setSalary(long salary) {this.salary = salary;}public Date getStartDate() {return startDate;}public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {this.startDate = startDate;}public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {return phones;}public void addPhone(Phone phone) {if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {getPhones().add(phone);if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);}phone.setProfessor(this);}}public Department getDepartment() {return department;}public void setDepartment(Department department) {if (this.department != null) {this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);}this.department = department;this.department.getProfessors().add(this);}public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {return directs;}public void addDirect(Professor employee) {if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {getDirects().add(employee);if (employee.getManager() != null) {employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);}employee.setManager(this);}}public Professor getManager() {return manager;}public void setManager(Professor manager) {this.manager = manager;}public Collection<Project> getProjects() {return projects;}public void addProject(Project project) {if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {getProjects().add(project);}if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {project.getProfessors().add(this);}}public Address getAddress() {return address;}public void setAddress(Address address) {this.address = address; }public String toString() {return "Professor " + getId() + ": name: " + getName() +", salary: " + getSalary() +", phones: " + getPhones() +", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());}}

以下代码来自Project.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {@Idprotected int id;protected String name;@ManyToManyprotected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int projectNo) {this.id = projectNo;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String projectName) {this.name = projectName;}public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {return employees;}public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {getProfessors().add(employee);}if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {employee.getProjects().add(this);}}public String toString() {return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + " no: " + getId() + ", name: " + getName();}
}

下载 Query_Entity_Parameter_Value.zip

以下是数据库转储。

Table Name: ADDRESSTable Name: DEPARTMENTRow:Column Name: ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 1Column Name: NAME,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: DesignTable Name: PHONETable Name: PROFESSORRow:Column Name: ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 0Column Name: NAME,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: TOMColumn Name: SALARY,Column Type: BIGINT:Column Value: 1111Column Name: STARTDATE,Column Type: DATE:Column Value: nullColumn Name: ADDRESS_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: nullColumn Name: DEPARTMENT_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 1Column Name: MANAGER_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: nullTable Name: PROJECTTable Name: PROJECT_PROFESSOR

JPA 查询编号索引参数示例

JPA教程 - JPA查询编号索引参数示例

以下代码显示了如何在JPQL中使用数字索引参数。

Collection expired = em.createQuery("SELECT u FROM Professor u WHERE u.id > ?1").setParameter(1, 1).getResultList();

例子

以下代码来自Address.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;@Entity
public class Address {@Idprivate int id;private String street;private String city;private String state;private String zip;public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getStreet() {return street;}public void setStreet(String address) {this.street = address;}public String getCity() {return city;}public void setCity(String city) {this.city = city;}public String getState() {return state;}public void setState(String state) {this.state = state;}public String getZip() {return zip;}public void setZip(String zip) {this.zip = zip;}public String toString() {return "Address id: " + getId() + ", street: " + getStreet() +", city: " + getCity() +", state: " + getState() +", zip: " + getZip();}}

下面的代码来自Department.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;@Entity
public class Department {@Idprivate int id;private String name;@OneToMany(mappedBy="department")private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int deptNo) {this.id = deptNo;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String deptName) {this.name = deptName;}public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {return employees;}public String toString() {return "Department no: " + getId() + ", name: " + getName();}
}

下面的代码来自PersonDaoImpl.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;@Transactional
public class PersonDaoImpl {public void test() {prepareData();Collection expired = em.createQuery("SELECT u FROM Professor u WHERE u.id > ?1").setParameter(1,1).getResultList();for (Iterator i = expired.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {Professor u = (Professor) i.next();printResult(u);}}private void prepareData() {Address address = new Address();address.setState("BC");Professor p = new Professor();p.setId(0);p.setName("TOM");p.setSalary(1111L);p.setAddress(address);Department d = new Department();d.setId(1);d.setName("Design");p.setDepartment(d);d.getProfessors().add(p);Phone phone = new Phone();phone.setId(1);phone.setNumber("111-111-1111");phone.setProfessor(p);em.persist(p);em.persist(phone);em.persist(address);em.persist(d);}private static void printResult(Object result) {if (result == null) {System.out.print("NULL");} else if (result instanceof Object[]) {Object[] row = (Object[]) result;System.out.print("[");for (int i = 0; i < row.length; i++) {printResult(row[i]);}System.out.print("]");} else if (result instanceof Long || result instanceof Double|| result instanceof String) {System.out.print(result.getClass().getName() + ": " + result);} else {System.out.print(result);}System.out.println();}@PersistenceContextprivate EntityManager em;
}

以下代码来自Phone.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;@Entity
public class Phone {@Idprivate long id;private String number;private String type;@ManyToOneProfessor employee;public long getId() {return id;}public void setId(long id) {this.id = id;}public String getNumber() {return number;}public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {this.number = phoneNo;}public String getType() {return type;}public void setType(String phoneType) {this.type = phoneType;}public Professor getProfessor() {return employee;}public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {this.employee = employee;}public String toString() {return "Phone id: " + getId() + ", no: " + getNumber() +", type: " + getType();}
}

以下代码来自Professor.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.NamedNativeQuery;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;@Entity
@Table(name = "EMP")
public class Professor {@Idprivate int id;private String name;private long salary;@Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)private Date startDate;@OneToOneprivate Address address;@OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();@ManyToOneprivate Department department;@ManyToOneprivate Professor manager;@OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();@ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int empNo) {this.id = empNo;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public long getSalary() {return salary;}public void setSalary(long salary) {this.salary = salary;}public Date getStartDate() {return startDate;}public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {this.startDate = startDate;}public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {return phones;}public void addPhone(Phone phone) {if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {getPhones().add(phone);if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);}phone.setProfessor(this);}}public Department getDepartment() {return department;}public void setDepartment(Department department) {if (this.department != null) {this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);}this.department = department;this.department.getProfessors().add(this);}public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {return directs;}public void addDirect(Professor employee) {if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {getDirects().add(employee);if (employee.getManager() != null) {employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);}employee.setManager(this);}}public Professor getManager() {return manager;}public void setManager(Professor manager) {this.manager = manager;}public Collection<Project> getProjects() {return projects;}public void addProject(Project project) {if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {getProjects().add(project);}if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {project.getProfessors().add(this);}}public Address getAddress() {return address;}public void setAddress(Address address) {this.address = address; }public String toString() {return "Professor " + getId() + ": name: " + getName() +", salary: " + getSalary() +", phones: " + getPhones() +", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());}}

以下代码来自Project.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {@Idprotected int id;protected String name;@ManyToManyprotected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int projectNo) {this.id = projectNo;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String projectName) {this.name = projectName;}public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {return employees;}public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {getProfessors().add(employee);}if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {employee.getProjects().add(this);}}public String toString() {return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + " no: " + getId() + ", name: " + getName();}
}

下载 Query_Number_Indexed_Parameters.zip

以下是数据库转储。

Table Name: ADDRESSRow:Column Name: ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 0Column Name: CITY,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: nullColumn Name: STATE,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: BCColumn Name: STREET,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: nullColumn Name: ZIP,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: nullTable Name: DEPARTMENTRow:Column Name: ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 1Column Name: NAME,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: DesignTable Name: EMPRow:Column Name: ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 0Column Name: NAME,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: TOMColumn Name: SALARY,Column Type: BIGINT:Column Value: 1111Column Name: STARTDATE,Column Type: DATE:Column Value: nullColumn Name: ADDRESS_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 0Column Name: DEPARTMENT_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 1Column Name: MANAGER_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: nullTable Name: PHONERow:Column Name: ID,Column Type: BIGINT:Column Value: 1Column Name: NUMBER,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: 111-111-1111Column Name: TYPE,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: nullColumn Name: EMPLOYEE_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 0Table Name: PROJECTTable Name: PROJECT_EMP

JPA 查询日期参数示例

JPA教程 - JPA查询日期参数示例

我们可以在查询中使用日期类型值。

以下代码使用EntityManager创建具有两个参数的查询。

然后它传递两个日期类型值。

em.createQuery("SELECT e " +"FROM Professor e " +"WHERE e.startDate BETWEEN :start AND :end").setParameter("start", new Date(), TemporalType.DATE).setParameter("end", new Date(), TemporalType.DATE).getResultList();

例子

以下代码来自Professor.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.NamedNativeQuery;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;@Entity
@Table(name = "EMP")
public class Professor {@Idprivate int id;private String name;private long salary;@Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)private Date startDate;@OneToOneprivate Address address;@OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();@ManyToOneprivate Department department;@ManyToOneprivate Professor manager;@OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();@ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int empNo) {this.id = empNo;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public long getSalary() {return salary;}public void setSalary(long salary) {this.salary = salary;}public Date getStartDate() {return startDate;}public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {this.startDate = startDate;}public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {return phones;}public void addPhone(Phone phone) {if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {getPhones().add(phone);if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);}phone.setProfessor(this);}}public Department getDepartment() {return department;}public void setDepartment(Department department) {if (this.department != null) {this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);}this.department = department;this.department.getProfessors().add(this);}public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {return directs;}public void addDirect(Professor employee) {if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {getDirects().add(employee);if (employee.getManager() != null) {employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);}employee.setManager(this);}}public Professor getManager() {return manager;}public void setManager(Professor manager) {this.manager = manager;}public Collection<Project> getProjects() {return projects;}public void addProject(Project project) {if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {getProjects().add(project);}if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {project.getProfessors().add(this);}}public Address getAddress() {return address;}public void setAddress(Address address) {this.address = address; }public String toString() {return "Professor " + getId() + ": name: " + getName() +", salary: " + getSalary() +", phones: " + getPhones() +", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());}}

以下代码来自Project.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {@Idprotected int id;protected String name;@ManyToManyprotected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int projectNo) {this.id = projectNo;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String projectName) {this.name = projectName;}public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {return employees;}public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {getProfessors().add(employee);}if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {employee.getProjects().add(this);}}public String toString() {return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + " no: " + getId() + ", name: " + getName();}
}

下面的代码来自Department.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;@Entity
public class Department {@Idprivate int id;private String name;@OneToMany(mappedBy="department")private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int deptNo) {this.id = deptNo;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String deptName) {this.name = deptName;}public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {return employees;}public String toString() {return "Department no: " + getId() + ", name: " + getName();}
}

以下代码来自Phone.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;@Entity
public class Phone {@Idprivate long id;private String number;private String type;@ManyToOneProfessor employee;public long getId() {return id;}public void setId(long id) {this.id = id;}public String getNumber() {return number;}public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {this.number = phoneNo;}public String getType() {return type;}public void setType(String phoneType) {this.type = phoneType;}public Professor getProfessor() {return employee;}public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {this.employee = employee;}public String toString() {return "Phone id: " + getId() + ", no: " + getNumber() +", type: " + getType();}
}

以下代码来自Address.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;@Entity
public class Address {@Idprivate int id;private String street;private String city;private String state;private String zip;public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getStreet() {return street;}public void setStreet(String address) {this.street = address;}public String getCity() {return city;}public void setCity(String city) {this.city = city;}public String getState() {return state;}public void setState(String state) {this.state = state;}public String getZip() {return zip;}public void setZip(String zip) {this.zip = zip;}public String toString() {return "Address id: " + getId() + ", street: " + getStreet() +", city: " + getCity() +", state: " + getState() +", zip: " + getZip();}}

下面的代码来自PersonDaoImpl.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Iterator;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;@Transactional
public class PersonDaoImpl {public void test() {prepareData();Collection<Professor> c =  em.createQuery("SELECT e " +"FROM Professor e " +"WHERE e.startDate BETWEEN :start AND :end").setParameter("start", new Date(), TemporalType.DATE).setParameter("end", new Date(), TemporalType.DATE).getResultList();for (Iterator i = c.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {Professor u = (Professor) i.next();printResult(u);}}private void prepareData() {Address address = new Address();address.setState("BC");Professor p = new Professor();p.setId(0);p.setName("TOM");p.setSalary(1111L);p.setAddress(address);Department d = new Department();d.setId(1);d.setName("Design");p.setDepartment(d);d.getProfessors().add(p);Phone phone = new Phone();phone.setId(1);phone.setNumber("111-111-1111");phone.setProfessor(p);em.persist(p);em.persist(phone);em.persist(address);em.persist(d);}private static void printResult(Object result) {if (result == null) {System.out.print("NULL");} else if (result instanceof Object[]) {Object[] row = (Object[]) result;System.out.print("[");for (int i = 0; i < row.length; i++) {printResult(row[i]);}System.out.print("]");} else if (result instanceof Long || result instanceof Double|| result instanceof String) {System.out.print(result.getClass().getName() + ": " + result);} else {System.out.print(result);}System.out.println();}@PersistenceContextprivate EntityManager em;
}

下载 Query_Date_Parameters.zip

以下是数据库转储。

Table Name: ADDRESSRow:Column Name: ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 0Column Name: CITY,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: nullColumn Name: STATE,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: BCColumn Name: STREET,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: nullColumn Name: ZIP,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: nullTable Name: DEPARTMENTRow:Column Name: ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 1Column Name: NAME,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: DesignTable Name: EMPRow:Column Name: ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 0Column Name: NAME,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: TOMColumn Name: SALARY,Column Type: BIGINT:Column Value: 1111Column Name: STARTDATE,Column Type: DATE:Column Value: nullColumn Name: ADDRESS_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 0Column Name: DEPARTMENT_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 1Column Name: MANAGER_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: nullTable Name: PHONERow:Column Name: ID,Column Type: BIGINT:Column Value: 1Column Name: NUMBER,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: 111-111-1111Column Name: TYPE,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: nullColumn Name: EMPLOYEE_ID,Column Type: INTEGER:Column Value: 0Table Name: PROJECTTable Name: PROJECT_EMP

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