为了创建一个通用的Excel解析工具类，我们需要考虑以下几点：

1. 泛型支持，以便能够处理不同类型的Java对象。
2. 映射机制，以将Excel列映射到Java对象的字段。
3. 错误处理和日志记录。

以下是一个简化的通用Excel解析工具类的示例

<dependency>  <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>  <artifactId>poi</artifactId>  <version>5.2.3</version> <!-- 使用时请检查最新版本 -->  
</dependency>  
<dependency>  <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>  <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>  <version>5.2.3</version> <!-- 使用时请检查最新版本 -->  
</dependency>

@Data
public class MyEntity {/*** name*/@ExcelColumn(index = 0, name = "name")private long name;/***age*/@ExcelColumn(index = 1, name = "age")private long age;
}

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
public @interface ExcelColumn {int index() default -1; // 列的索引，从0开始String name() default ""; // 列名，可以与Excel中的标题对应
}

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import org.apache.commons.collections4.CollectionUtils;
import org.apache.commons.collections4.MapUtils;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.*;public class ExcelParserUtil {/*** excel解析工具类** @param inputStream* @param clazz* @param <T>* @return*/public static <T> List<T> parseExcel(InputStream inputStream, Class<T> clazz) throws Exception {List<T> result = new ArrayList<>();List<String> failReasonList = new ArrayList<>();int execRow = 1;try (Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(inputStream)) {Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0); // 假设我们只处理第一个工作表Row headerRow = sheet.getRow(0); // 假设第一行是标题行// 读取实体类的字段注解，构建字段名和列索引的映射Map<String, Integer> fieldIndexMap = new HashMap<>();Field[] fields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();for (Field field : fields) {ExcelColumn excelColumn = field.getAnnotation(ExcelColumn.class);if (excelColumn != null && excelColumn.index() >= 0) {field.setAccessible(true);fieldIndexMap.put(field.getName(), excelColumn.index());}}// 跳过标题行，从第二行开始解析数据for (int i = 1; i <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); i++) {Row row = sheet.getRow(i);T instance = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();for (Map.Entry<String, Integer> entry : fieldIndexMap.entrySet()) {try {String fieldName = entry.getKey();int columnIndex = entry.getValue();Cell cell = row.getCell(columnIndex);if (cell != null) {Field field = clazz.getDeclaredField(fieldName);setFieldValue(instance, field, cell);}} catch (Exception e) {failReasonList.add("第" + execRow + "行解析错误:" + e.getMessage());}}execRow++;result.add(instance);}} catch (Exception e) {throw new Exception("parseExcel->数据解析错误:", e);}if (CollectionUtils.isNotEmpty(failReasonList)) {//System.out.println(JSON.toJSON(failReasonList));throw new Exception(JSON.toJSONString(failReasonList.subList(0, failReasonList.size() > 20 ? 20 : failReasonList.size())));}return result;}private static void setFieldValue(Object instance, Field field, Cell cell) throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {Class<?> fieldType = field.getType();field.setAccessible(true);// 总是将Cell设置为STRING类型，以确保我们可以获取字符串值cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);String cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue();if (String.class.equals(fieldType)) {field.set(instance, cell.getStringCellValue());} else if (Integer.class.equals(fieldType) || int.class.equals(fieldType)) {field.setInt(instance, Integer.parseInt(cellValue));} else if (Long.class.equals(fieldType) || long.class.equals(fieldType)) {field.setLong(instance, Long.parseLong(cellValue));} else if (Double.class.equals(fieldType) || double.class.equals(fieldType)) {field.setDouble(instance, Double.parseDouble(cellValue));} else if (Boolean.class.equals(fieldType) || boolean.class.equals(fieldType)) {field.setBoolean(instance, Boolean.parseBoolean(cellValue));} else {throw new RuntimeException("Unsupported field type: " + fieldType.getName());}}public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException {// 假设你有一个方法可以从某个地方获取输入流，这里我们用一个示例输入流代替ExcelParserUtil parser = new ExcelParserUtil();File file = new File("/Users/xxx/Downloads/xxx.xlsx"); // 替换为你的文件路径InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);try {if (inputStream != null) {List<MyEntity> entityList = parser.parseExcel(inputStream, MyEntity.class);// 输出解析结果for (MyEntity entity : entityList) {System.out.println(entity.toString());}} else {System.out.println("无法找到或加载Excel文件。");}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}