pytest教程-15-多个fixture以及重命名

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上一小节我们学习了fixture的yield关键字，本小节我们讲解一下使用多个fixture的方法。

使用多个fixture

如果用例需要用到多个fixture的返回数据，fixture也可以return一个元组、list或字典，然后从里面取出对应数据。

#test_demo.py
import pytest@pytest.fixture()
def user():print("获取用户名")a = "yoyo"b = "123456"return (a, b)def test_1(user):u = user[0]p = user[1]print("测试账号：%s, 密码：%s" % (u, p))assert u == "yoyo"if __name__ == "__main__":pytest.main(["-s", "test_demo.py"])

当然也可以分开定义成多个fixture，然后test_用例传多个fixture参数

# test_demo.py
import pytest@pytest.fixture()
def user():print("获取用户名")a = "yoyo"return a@pytest.fixture()
def psw():print("获取密码")b = "123456"return bdef test_1(user, psw):'''传多个fixture'''print("测试账号：%s, 密码：%s" % (user, psw))assert user == "yoyo"if __name__ == "__main__":pytest.main(["-s", "test_demo.py"])

fixture与fixture互相调用

#test_demo.py
import pytest@pytest.fixture()
def first():print("获取用户名")a = "yoyo"return a@pytest.fixture()
def sencond(first):'''psw调用user fixture'''a = firstb = "123456"return (a, b)def test_1(sencond):'''用例传fixture'''print("测试账号：%s, 密码：%s" % (sencond[0], sencond[1]))assert sencond[0] == "yoyo"if __name__ == "__main__":pytest.main(["-s", "test_demo.py"])

fixture的重命名
通过前面学习fixture可以正常的代替setup和teardown，我们在后期框架中的文件名过多，或者函数名过多，有时会和fixture名字进行重名，或者fixture调用容易出错。fixture也可以进行重新自己更改自己的名称。

在fixture源码中我们可以通过修改name的参数来更改fixture的名称。默认是我们定义def的名称

def fixture(  # noqa: F811fixture_function: Optional[_FixtureFunction] = None,*,scope: "Union[_Scope, Callable[[str, Config], _Scope]]" = "function",params: Optional[Iterable[object]] = None,autouse: bool = False,ids: Optional[Union[Iterable[Union[None, str, float, int, bool]],Callable[[Any], Optional[object]],]] = None,name: Optional[str] = None

说这么多，大家也不知道说的啥，举个例子吧，这里我把函数名为login的fixture通过配置参数name=“mitu_login”

# test_demo.pyimport pytest@pytest.fixture(name='mitu_login')
def login():print('输入账号,输入密码')print('完成登录功能！！！！')yieldprint('---退出登录---')class Test_Login:def test_01(self, mitu_login):print('------用例01------')def test_02(self):print('------用例02------')def test_03(self, mitu_login):print('------用例03------')if __name__ == '__main__':pytest.main(['-s', 'test_demo.py'])

运行结果：

========================================================================================= test session starts ========================================================================================== 
platform win32 -- Python 3.9.12, pytest-7.3.1, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: D:\PycharmProjects\Source_Code\pytest_demo
plugins: allure-pytest-2.13.2, html-4.1.1, metadata-3.0.0
collected 3 items                                                                                                                                                                                        test_demo.pySETUP    F mitu_logintest_demo.py::Test_Login::test_01 (fixtures used: mitu_login).TEARDOWN F mitu_logintest_demo.py::Test_Login::test_02.SETUP    F mitu_logintest_demo.py::Test_Login::test_03 (fixtures used: mitu_login).TEARDOWN F mitu_login========================================================================================== 3 passed in 0.04s ===========================================================================================

这里发现我们通过使用anjing_login 就直接调用了更改名前的login。

注意：当我们进行对fixture重命名后，如果再次调用以前的名字就会出现报错

import pytest@pytest.fixture(name='mitu_login')
def login():print('输入账号,输入密码')print('完成登录功能！！！！')yieldprint('---退出登录---')class Test_Login:def test_01(self, login):print('------用例01------')def test_02(self):print('------用例02------')def test_03(self, mitu_login):print('------用例03------')if __name__ == '__main__':pytest.main(['-s', 'test_demo.py'])

运行结果

========================================================================================= test session starts ==========================================================================================
platform win32 -- Python 3.9.12, pytest-7.3.1, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: D:\PycharmProjects\Source_Code\pytest_demo
plugins: allure-pytest-2.13.2, html-4.1.1, metadata-3.0.0
collected 3 items                                                                                                                                                                                       test_demo.py Etest_demo.py::Test_Login::test_02.SETUP    F mitu_logintest_demo.py::Test_Login::test_03 (fixtures used: mitu_login).TEARDOWN F mitu_login================================================================================================ ERRORS ================================================================================================ 
_________________________________________________________________________________ ERROR at setup of Test_Login.test_01 _________________________________________________________________________________ 
file D:\PycharmProjects\Source_Code\pytest_demo\test_demo.py, line 14def test_01(self, login):
E       fixture 'login' not found
>       available fixtures: cache, capfd, capfdbinary, caplog, capsys, capsysbinary, doctest_namespace, extra, extras, include_metadata_in_junit_xml, metadata, mitu_login, monkeypatch, pytestconfig, record_property, record_testsuite_property, record_xml_attribute, recwarn, tmp_path, tmp_path_factory, tmpdir, tmpdir_factory
>       use 'pytest --fixtures [testpath]' for help on them.D:\PycharmProjects\Source_Code\pytest_demo\test_demo.py:14
======================================================================================= short test summary info ======================================================================================== 
ERROR test_demo.py::Test_Login::test_01
====================================================================================== 2 passed, 1 error in 0.03s ====================================================================================== 
PS D:\PycharmProjects\Source_Code\pytest_demo>

最后感谢每一个认真阅读我文章的人，礼尚往来总是要有的，虽然不是什么很值钱的东西，如果你用得到的话可以直接拿走，希望可以帮助到大家！领取资料，咨询答疑，请➕wei: June__Go