Unity 通过配置文件生成代码

文章目录

- - 示例1：基于ScriptableObject的配置生成类
  - 示例2：预制体路径列表生成加载代码
  - 示例3：动画剪辑生成动画控制器片段
  - 示例4：Excel配置表生成序列化类
  - 示例5：UI元素及其事件绑定生成代码

在Unity编辑器模式下，根据配置文件动态生成代码可以通过编写自定义编辑器脚本实现。以下是一些场景下的5个简化示例，分别说明如何基于不同的配置数据来生成对应的C#代码：

示例1：基于ScriptableObject的配置生成类

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEditor;
using System.IO;[CreateAssetMenu(fileName = "NewConfig.asset", menuName = "Configuration/New Config")]
public class ConfigurationSO : ScriptableObject
{public string[] GameObjectNames;[MenuItem("Assets/Generate Code From Config")]static void GenerateCode(){var config = Selection.activeObject as ConfigurationSO;if (config != null){StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();foreach (var name in config.GameObjectNames){sb.AppendLine($"public GameObject {name};");}string className = "GeneratedConfig";string filePath = Path.Combine(Application.dataPath, $"Scripts/{className}.cs");File.WriteAllText(filePath, $@"
using UnityEngine;public class {className}
{{{sb.ToString()}
}}
");AssetDatabase.Refresh();}else{Debug.LogError("Please select a ConfigurationSO asset.");}}
}

这个例子中，我们创建了一个ScriptableObject类型ConfigurationSO，其中包含一个字符串数组用于存储游戏对象名称。当用户通过菜单命令“Assets/Generate Code From Config”执行时，会根据这些名称动态生成一个新的C#类，该类包含了与配置中每个名称相对应的游戏对象字段。

示例2：预制体路径列表生成加载代码

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEditor;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;public class PrefabLoaderGenerator : Editor
{[MenuItem("Assets/Generate Prefab Loader")]static void GeneratePrefabLoader(){var prefabPaths = new List<string>();foreach (var guid in Selection.assetGUIDs){var path = AssetDatabase.GUIDToAssetPath(guid);if (PrefabUtility.GetPrefabAssetType(AssetDatabase.LoadMainAssetAtPath(path)) == PrefabAssetType.Regular){prefabPaths.Add(path);}}if (prefabPaths.Count > 0){StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();for (int i = 0; i < prefabPaths.Count; i++){var name = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(prefabPaths[i]);sb.AppendLine($"public GameObject {name}Prefab {{ get {{ return Resources.Load(\"{prefabPaths[i]}\") as GameObject; }} }}");}string className = "PrefabLoader";string filePath = Path.Combine(Application.dataPath, $"Scripts/{className}.cs");File.WriteAllText(filePath, $@"
using UnityEngine;public static class {className}
{{{sb.ToString()}
}}
");AssetDatabase.Refresh();}else{Debug.LogError("Please select one or more prefabs.");}}
}

此例中，选择多个预制体后，编辑器将生成一个静态类，其成员为对应预制体路径的属性，并且返回从Resources目录加载的预制体引用。

示例3：动画剪辑生成动画控制器片段

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEditor;
using UnityEngine.Animations.Rigging;
using System.Linq;public class AnimationClipControllerGenerator : EditorWindow
{[MenuItem("Assets/Generate Animation Controller")]static void GenerateController(){var clips = Selection.objects.OfType<AnimationClip>().ToList();if (clips.Any()){AnimatorController ac = new AnimatorController();ac.name = "GeneratedAnimatorController";foreach (var clip in clips){var stateMachine = ac.layers[0].stateMachine;var newState = stateMachine.AddStateMachineBehaviour(typeof(Playables.PlayableState));newState.motion = clip;newState.name = clip.name;}string controllerPath = AssetDatabase.GenerateUniqueAssetPath("Assets/_Generated/GeneratedAnimatorController.controller");AssetDatabase.CreateAsset(ac, controllerPath);// 这里是假设要生成控制代码，但实际AnimatorController不需要额外C#代码控制// 若需要，可以写入如切换动画状态的函数代码到指定文件}else{Debug.LogError("Please select one or more animation clips.");}}
}

虽然这个例子并不直接生成C#代码，而是动态地构建了AnimatorController层级结构（Unity内置功能），若需生成相关C#控制代码，则可进一步扩展以根据生成的状态机结构创建相应的C#方法调用逻辑。

示例4：Excel配置表生成序列化类

// 假设我们有一个工具能够读取Excel并转换成TSV格式文本
public class ExcelToCSClassGenerator : Editor
{[MenuItem("Assets/Generate C# Class from Excel")]static void GenerateClassFromExcel(){// 省略了读取和解析Excel的过程，假设已得到键值对集合Dictionary<string, string> tableData = ReadExcelDataAsDictionary("SettingSrc/Test.xls");StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();sb.AppendLine("using UnityEngine;");sb.AppendLine("[System.Serializable]");sb.AppendLine("public class ExcelConfig {");foreach (var pair in tableData){sb.AppendLine($"    public string {pair.Key} {{ get; set; }} = \"{pair.Value}\";");}sb.Append("}");string className = "ExcelConfig";string filePath = Path.Combine(Application.dataPath, $"Scripts/{className}.cs");File.WriteAllText(filePath, sb.ToString());AssetDatabase.Refresh();}static Dictionary<string, string> ReadExcelDataAsDictionary(string excelPath) {// 实现从Excel文件读取数据到字典的方法// 这里省略了具体实现细节return new Dictionary<string, string>(); // 返回样本空字典，实际应填充数据}
}

这里展示了如何根据Excel表格中的键值对生成一个带有属性的C#类，类中属性与Excel表头一一对应。

示例5：UI元素及其事件绑定生成代码

using UnityEngine.UIElements;
using UnityEditor.UIElements;
using UnityEditor;
using System.Linq;public class UIElementCodeGenerator : EditorWindow
{[MenuItem("UI/Generate UI Bindings")]static void GenerateUIBindings(){VisualElement root = GetActiveUIRootElement();if (root != null){StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();foreach (VisualElement element in root.Query().OfType<Button>()){var name = element.name;var methodBinding = GetBoundMethodName(element); // 获取绑定的回调方法名sb.AppendLine($"public void OnButton_{name}Clicked() {{ /* Call {methodBinding} */ }}");}string className = "UIBindings";string filePath = Path.Combine(Application.dataPath, $"Scripts/UI/{className}.cs");File.WriteAllText(filePath, $@"
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Events;public class {className} : MonoBehaviour
{{{sb.ToString()}
}}
");AssetDatabase.Refresh();}}static string GetBoundMethodName(VisualElement element){// 省略获取按钮绑定的UnityEvent回调方法名的逻辑return "OnButtonClick"; // 返回样本方法名，实际应提取真实方法名}static VisualElement GetActiveUIRootElement(){// 获取当前选中的UI根元素，此处省略具体实现return null; // 返回样本null，实际应返回UI根元素}
}