class Solution {List<String> result = new ArrayList<>();public List<String> restoreIpAddresses(String s) {StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(s);backTracking(sb, 0, 0);return result;}private void backTracking(StringBuilder s, int startIndex, int dotCount){if(dotCount == 3){if(isValid(s, startIndex, s.length() - 1)){result.add(s.toString());}return;}for(int i = startIndex; i < s.length(); i++){if(isValid(s, startIndex, i)){s.insert(i + 1, '.');backTracking(s, i + 2, dotCount + 1);s.deleteCharAt(i + 1);}else{break;}}}//[start, end]private boolean isValid(StringBuilder s, int start, int end){if(start > end)return false;if(s.charAt(start) == '0' && start != end)return false;int num = 0;for(int i = start; i <= end; i++){int digit = s.charAt(i) - '0';num = num * 10 + digit;if(num > 255)return false;}return true;}
}

思路：与day27的分割回文子串类似，主要是要理解isVaild的思路，当dotCount == 3时，还要进行判断，然后将符合的加入result中

class Solution {List<List<Integer>> result = new ArrayList<>();// 存放符合条件结果的集合LinkedList<Integer> path = new LinkedList<>();// 用来存放符合条件结果public List<List<Integer>> subsets(int[] nums) {subsetsHelper(nums, 0);return result;}private void subsetsHelper(int[] nums, int startIndex){result.add(new ArrayList<>(path));//「遍历这个树的时候，把所有节点都记录下来，就是要求的子集集合」。if (startIndex >= nums.length){ //终止条件可不加return;}for (int i = startIndex; i < nums.length; i++){path.add(nums[i]);subsetsHelper(nums, i + 1);path.removeLast();}}
}

思路：和分割问题类似，主要区别是要在每个节点收获结果，所以result.add(new ArrayList<>(path)要放在最上面。

class Solution {List<List<Integer>> result = new ArrayList<>();// 存放符合条件结果的集合LinkedList<Integer> path = new LinkedList<>();// 用来存放符合条件结果boolean[] used;public List<List<Integer>> subsetsWithDup(int[] nums) {if (nums.length == 0){result.add(path);return result;}Arrays.sort(nums);used = new boolean[nums.length];subsetsWithDupHelper(nums, 0);return result;}private void subsetsWithDupHelper(int[] nums, int startIndex){result.add(new ArrayList<>(path));if (startIndex >= nums.length){return;}for (int i = startIndex; i < nums.length; i++){if (i > 0 && nums[i] == nums[i - 1] && !used[i - 1]){continue;}path.add(nums[i]);used[i] = true;subsetsWithDupHelper(nums, i + 1);path.removeLast();used[i] = false;}}
}

思路：和 40.组合总和II方法一样，都是要进行树层去重。关键是used数组的使用，要确保used[i-1]==false；然后就是每个节点都收获结果。