SpringBoot整合SpringCloudStream3.1+版本的Kafka死信队列

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SpringBoot整合SpringCloudStream3.1+版本Kafka

实现死信队列步骤

添加死信队列配置文件，添加对应channel
通道绑定配置对应的channel位置添加重试配置

结果

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配置文件

Kafka基本配置（application-mq.yml）

server:port: 7105
spring:application:name: betrice-message-queueconfig:import:- classpath:application-bindings.ymlcloud:stream:kafka:binder:brokers: localhost:9092configuration:key-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializervalue-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializerconsumer-properties:enable.auto.commit: falsebinders:betrice-kafka:type: kafkaenvironment:spring.kafka:bootstrap-servers: ${spring.cloud.stream.kafka.binder.brokers}

创建死信队列配置文件（application-dql.yml）

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spring:cloud:stream:kafka:bindings:dqlTransfer-in-0:consumer:# When set to true, it enables DLQ behavior for the consumer. By default, messages that result in errors are forwarded to a topic named error.<destination>.<group>.# messages sent to the DLQ topic are enhanced with the following headers: x-original-topic, x-exception-message, and x-exception-stacktrace as byte[].# By default, a failed record is sent to the same partition number in the DLQ topic as the original record.enableDlq: truedlqName: Evad05-message-dlqkeySerde: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.Serdes$StringSerde
#              valueSerde: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.Serdes$StringSerdevalueSerde: com.devilvan.pojo.Evad05MessageSerdeautoCommitOnError: trueautoCommitOffset: true

注意：这里的valueSerde使用了对象类型，需要搭配application/json使用，consumer接收到消息后会转化为json字符串

通道绑定文件添加配置（application-bindings.yml）

channel对应上方配置文件的dqlTransfer-in-0

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spring:cloud:stream:betrice-default-binder: betrice-kafkafunction:# 声明两个channel，transfer接收生产者的消息，处理完后给sinkdefinition: transfer;sink;gather;gatherEcho;dqlTransfer;evad05DlqConsumerbindings:# 添加生产者bindiing，输出到destination对应的topicdqlTransfer-in-0:destination: Evad10binder: ${spring.cloud.stream.betrice-default-binder}group: evad05DlqConsumer # 使用死信队列必须要有groupcontent-type: application/jsonconsumer:maxAttempts: 2 # 当消息消费失败时，尝试消费该消息的最大次数（消息消费失败后，发布者会重新投递）。默认3backOffInitialInterval: 1000 # 消息消费失败后重试消费消息的初始化间隔时间。默认1s，即第一次重试消费会在1s后进行backOffMultiplier: 2 # 相邻两次重试之间的间隔时间的倍数。默认2，即第二次是第一次间隔时间的2倍，第三次是第二次的2倍backOffMaxInterval: 10000 # 下一次尝试重试的最大时间间隔，默认为10000ms，即10s。dqlTransfer-out-0:destination: Evad10binder: ${spring.cloud.stream.betrice-default-binder}content-type: text/plain# 消费死信队列中的消息evad05DlqConsumer-in-0:destination: Evad05-message-dlqbinder: ${spring.cloud.stream.betrice-default-binder}content-type: text/plain

Controller

发送消息并将消息引入死信队列

@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "betriceMqController")
public class BetriceMqController {@Resource(name = "streamBridgeUtils")private StreamBridge streamBridge;@PostMapping("streamSend")public void streamSend(String topic, String message) {try {streamBridge.send(topic, message);log.info("发送消息：" + message);} catch (Exception e) {log.error("异常消息：" + e);}}@PostMapping("streamSendDql")public void streamSendDql(String topic, String message) {try {streamBridge.send(topic, message);log.info("发送消息：" + message);} catch (Exception e) {log.error("异常消息：" + e);}}@PostMapping("streamSendJsonDql")public void streamSendJsonDql(String topic) {try {Evad05MessageSerde message = new Evad05MessageSerde();message.setData("evad05 test dql");message.setCount(1);streamBridge.send(topic, message);log.info("发送消息：" + message);} catch (Exception e) {log.error("异常消息：" + e);}}
}

Channel

这里使用了transfer通道，消息从Evad10（topic）传来，经过transfer()方法后抛出异常，随后进入对应的死信队列

@Configuration
public class BetriceMqSubChannel {@Beanpublic Function<String, String> dqlTransfer() {return message -> {System.out.println("transfer: " + message);throw new RuntimeException("死信队列测试！");};}@Beanpublic Consumer<String> evad05DlqConsumer() {return message -> {System.out.println("Topic: evad05 Dlq Consumer: " + message);};}
}

将自定义序列化类型转换为JSON消息

步骤

1. 通道绑定文件（application-bindings.yml）的valueSerde属性添加自定义的序列化

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2. `BetriceMqController`中封装该自定义类型的对象，并作为消息发送

@PostMapping("streamSendJsonDql")
public void streamSendJsonDql(String topic) {try {Evad05MessageSerde message = new Evad05MessageSerde();message.setData("evad05 test dql");message.setCount(1);streamBridge.send(topic, message);log.info("发送消息：" + message);} catch (Exception e) {log.error("异常消息：" + e);}
}

3. channel（`BetriceMqSubChannel`）接收到该消息并反序列化

@Bean
public Consumer<String> evad05DlqConsumer() {return message -> {System.out.println("Topic: evad05 Dlq Consumer: " + JSON.parseObject(message, Evad05MessageSerde.class));};
}