文章目录
- 1) 案例一
- 2) 案例二
- 3) 案例三
- 4) 案例四
- 5) 案例五
- 6) 案例六
- 7) 案例七
- 8) 案例八
- 9) 案例九
- 10）案例十
- 11）案例十一
- 12）案例十二
- 13）案例十三
- 14）案例十四
- 15）案例十五
（一） 新生基本信息统计软件
逐个录入学生信息，如：
学生姓名，性别，专业，出生日期，家庭地址，英语入学成绩。要求设计链表类来实现，并统计学生人数。
文本界面为：
- 新增学生信息
- 删除学生信息
- 导入学生信息（已经保存于的文件信息）
- 学生信息搜索（按姓名）
- 学生信息统计（按专业或性别或年龄—年龄要自动计算）
- 按英语成绩排序
- 学生信息保存 ( 文件 )
- 退出
******请选择：1
1) 案例一
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<string.h>
using namespace std;
class Student
{ public:int num;char name[20];char sex;char address[100];int english;int born;char major [20];struct Student *next;
};//创建头结点
/*S *head()
{S *head=new S;head->next=NULL;return head;
}*///定义学生类
class Students
{public:Students(){head=new Student;head->next=NULL;}
void create();//创建链表
void edit(); //编辑函数
void search();//显示函数
void add(); //添加函数
void delet(); //删除函数
void sort();//排序函数
void show(); //查询函数
void sum(); //统计函数
void score();//成绩函数
void read(); //读取函数
void write(); //存储函数
private:Student *head;
};//创建函数的定义
void Students::create()
{ Student *p=head; Student *q;q=new Student;cout<<"请输入学号:";cin>>q->num;cout<<"请输入姓名"<<endl;cin>>q->name;cout<<"请输入性别"<<endl;cin>>q->sex;cout<<"请输入专业";cin>>q->major;cout<<"请输入出生年份";cin>>q->born;cout<<"请输入家庭地址";cin>>q->address;cout<<"请输入英语成绩";cin>>q->english;q->next=NULL;p->next=q;p=q;
}//排序函数的定义
void Students::sort()
{ int b=1;if(head->next==NULL){b=0;}if(b==0){cout<<"当前无数据"<<endl;}if(b==1){Student *p,*q;int num1;char name1[20];char sex1;char address1[20];int english1;int born1;char major1[20];int num2;char name2[20];char sex2;char address2[20];int english2;int born2;char major2[20];for(p=head->next; NULL != p; p=p->next){for(q=p->next; NULL !=q; q=q->next){if(p->english < q->english)//当前一个学生的总分小于后一个学生的总分时，交换单链表的数据 {num1=p->num;strcpy(name1,p->name);sex1=p->sex;strcpy(address1,p->address);english1=p->english;born1=p->born;strcpy(major1,p->major);num2=q->num;strcpy(name2,q->name);sex2=q->sex;strcpy(address2,q->address);english2=q->english;born2=q->born;strcpy(major2,q->major);p->num=num2;strcpy(p->name,name2);p->sex=sex2;strcpy(p->address,address2);p->english=english2;p->born=born2;strcpy(p->major,major2);q->num=num1;strcpy( q->name,name1);q->sex=sex1;strcpy(q->address,address1);q->english=english1;q->born=born1;strcpy(q->major,major1);}}}cout<<"排序完成"<<endl; }
}//显示函数
void Students::search()
{ Student *p=head->next;int b=1;if(p==NULL){b=0;}if(b==0){cout<<"当前无数据"<<endl;}if(b==1){while(p){ cout<<"学生学号";cout<<p->num<<endl; cout<<"学生姓名";cout<<p->name<<endl;cout<<"学生性别";cout<<p->sex<<endl;cout<<"学生专业";cout<<p->major<<endl;cout<<"出生年份";cout<<p->born<<endl;cout<<"家庭地址";cout<<p->address<<endl;cout<<"英语成绩";cout<<p->english<<endl;p=p->next;} }
} //增加函数的定义
void Students::add()
{Student *p=head->next;Student *q;int m=1;int n,b=1;//统计学生数 while(p->next!=NULL){ p=p->next;m++;} //cout<<"M="<<m;cout<<"请输入学号：";cin>>n;p=head->next;//判断学号是否重复 for(int i=1;i<=m;i++){if(p->num==n) {cout<<"编号重复"<<endl;b=0;break;}p=p->next;}//cout<<b; if(b!=0){p=head;while(p->next!=NULL)p=p->next;q=new Student;q->num=n;cout<<"请输入姓名"<<endl;cin>>q->name;cout<<"请输入性别"<<endl;cin>>q->sex;cout<<"请输入专业";cin>>q->major;cout<<"请输入出生年份";cin>>q->born;cout<<"请输入家庭地址";cin>>q->address;cout<<"请输入英语成绩";cin>>q->english;q->next=NULL;p->next=q;p=q;}
}//查询函数的定义
void Students::show()
{ int b=0;Student *p=head->next;int a;cout<<"*****************************"<<endl;cout<<"****** 1 输入学生学号查询：**"<<endl;cout<<"****** 2 输入学生姓名查询：**"<<endl; cout<<"*****************************"<<endl; cin>>a;switch(a){case 1:int i;cout<<"请输入学生学号";cin>>i;while(p!=NULL){if(p->num==i){cout<<"学生姓名";cout<<p->name<<endl;cout<<"学生性别";cout<<p->sex<<endl;cout<<"学生专业";cout<<p->major<<endl;cout<<"出生年份";cout<<p->born<<endl;cout<<"家庭地址";cout<<p->address<<endl;cout<<"英语成绩";cout<<p->english<<endl;b++;}p=p->next;} if(b==0)cout<<"该编号不存在";break;case 2:char make[20];cout<<"请输入学生姓名";cin>>make;while(p!=NULL){if(strcmp(p->name,make)==0){cout<<"学生姓名";cout<<p->name<<endl;cout<<"学生性别";cout<<p->sex<<endl;cout<<"学生专业";cout<<p->major<<endl;cout<<"出生年份";cout<<p->born<<endl;cout<<"家庭地址";cout<<p->address<<endl;cout<<"英语成绩";cout<<p->english<<endl;b++;}p=p->next; }if(b==0)cout<<"该学生不存在"; break;default:cout<<" 请重新输入";}
}//统计函数的定义
void Students::sum()
{ int a;Student *p=head;if(p->next==NULL) {cout<<"当前无数据"<<endl;a=0;}if(a!=0){p=head->next; int i=0;int j=0;int n,s=0,d=0,m;int w=0,x=0;cout<<"**********************"<<endl;cout<<"*****1统计性别********"<<endl; cout<<"*****2统计年龄********"<<endl;cout<<"*****3统计专业********"<<endl;cout<<"**********************"<<endl; int a;cin>>a;switch(a){case 1:while(p){if(p->sex=='m')i++;elsej++;p=p->next; }cout<<"男生："<<i<<endl;cout<<"女生："<<j<<endl;break;case 2:while(p){n=p->born;m=2017-n; if(m==18)s++;elsed++;p=p->next; }cout<<"18岁："<<s<<endl;cout<<"19岁："<<d<<endl;break; case 3:while(p){ m=strcmp(p->major,"software"); if(m==0)w++;elsex++;p=p->next; }cout<<"软件专业："<<w<<endl;cout<<"化学专业:"<<x<<endl;break; default:cout<<" 请重新输入";}
}
}//删除函数的定义
void Students::delet()
{
Student *p=head;Student *q;int a;if(p->next==NULL){cout<<"当前无数据"<<endl;a=0;}//cout<<a;if(a!=0){cout<<"请输入删除学生学号";int i;cin>>i;while(p->next != NULL){if(p->next->num==i){q = p->next;p->next = q->next;delete q;return;}p = p->next;}cout<<"学生不存在"<<endl;}} //修改函数的定义
void Students::edit()
{Student *p=head->next;Student *q=head->next; cout<<"输入需要修改学生的学号"; int n;int b=0;int j=1;cin>>n;while(p){if(p->num==n){b=1;}p=p->next;}if(b==0)cout<<"没有该学生"<<endl; if(b==1){p=head->next;while(p){if(p->num==n){ cout<<"************************"<<endl;cout<<"*****1修改学生学号******"<<endl;cout<<"*****2修改学生姓名******"<<endl;cout<<"*****3修改学生性别******"<<endl; cout<<"*****4修改学生专业******"<<endl; cout<<"*****5修改出生年份******"<<endl; cout<<"*****6修改家庭地址******"<<endl; cout<<"*****7修改英语成绩******"<<endl; cout<<"************************"<<endl;int m;cin>>m;switch(m){case 1:cout<<"请输入学号:";int i;cin>>i;while(q){ if(q->num==i){cout<<"编号重复";break;j=0;}q=q->next; }// cout<<j<<endl;if(j!=0)p->num=i;break;case 2:cout<<"请输入姓名"<<endl;cin>>p->name; break;case 3:cout<<"请输入性别"<<endl;cin>>p->sex; break;case 4:cout<<"请输入专业";cin>>p->major; break;case 5:cout<<"请输入出生年份";cin>>p->born;break;case 6:cout<<"请输入家庭地址";cin>>p->address;break;case 7:cout<<"请输入英语成绩";cin>>p->english;break;default:cout<<" 请重新输入"<<endl;}break;}}
}
}//成绩处理函数的定义
void Students::score()
{ Student *p=head->next;int b=1;if(p==NULL){b=0;}if(b==0){cout<<"当前无数据"<<endl;}if(b==1){int m=1;while(p->next!=NULL){p=p->next;m++;}//cout<<"M="<<m<<endl;int sum=0;p=head->next;while(p){sum=sum+p->english;p=p->next;}float ave;ave=sum/m;cout<<"英语平均分为"; cout<<ave<<endl;p=head->next;cout<<"不及格学生:"<<endl;int n=0;while(p){if(p->english<60){cout<<"学生学号:"<<p->num<<" "<<"学生姓名"<<p->name<<" "<<"学生成绩"<<p->english<<endl;n++;}p=p->next;}cout<<"不及格人数"; cout<<n;
}
}//文件写入函数的定义
void Students::write()
{ofstream outfile("d:\\file.txt");if(!outfile){cerr<<"open error!"<<endl;exit(1);}Student *p=head->next;while(p){outfile<<p->num<<" ";outfile<<p->name<<" ";outfile<<p->sex<<" ";outfile<<p->major<<" ";outfile<<p->born<<" ";outfile<<p->address<<" ";outfile<<p->english <<" "; p=p->next;}outfile.close();cout<<"保存完成"<<endl;
}//文件读取
void Students::read()
{ifstream infile("d:\\file.txt");if(!infile){cerr<<"open error!"<<endl;exit(1);}Student *p=head,*q;//将文件的数据输入到链表中 while(!infile.eof()){ q=new Student;if(infile>>q->num){infile>>q->name;infile>>q->sex;infile>>q->major;infile>>q->born;infile>>q->address;infile>>q->english;q->next=NULL;p->next=q;p=q;}elsebreak;}cout<<"读取成功"<<endl; infile.close();
} void f()
{
cout<<"************************************"<<endl;
cout<<"************************************"<<endl;
cout<<"*******欢迎使用新生报到系统*********"<<endl;
cout<<"************************************"<<endl;
cout<<"************************************"<<endl;
cout<<"点击Enter键进行下一步";
getchar();
system("cls");
} void g()
{ cout<<"**************************************"<<endl;cout<<"********** 1 输入学生信息 ************"<<endl;cout<<"********** 2 增加学生信息 ************"<<endl;cout<<"********** 3 删除学生信息 ************"<<endl;cout<<"********** 4 查询学生信息 ************"<<endl;cout<<"********** 5 修改学生信息 ************"<<endl;cout<<"********** 6 统计学生信息 ************"<<endl;cout<<"********** 7 显示学生信息 ************"<<endl;cout<<"********** 8 保存学生信息 ************"<<endl;cout<<"********** 9 读取学生信息 ************"<<endl;cout<<"********** 10排序学生信息 ************"<<endl;cout<<"********** 11处理成绩信息 ************"<<endl;cout<<"********** 12退出 系统 ************"<<endl;cout<<"**************************************"<<endl;
}int main()
{ f(); Students stu;//St *h=head();while(1){int i;g();int n;cin>>n;switch(n){case 1: stu.create();break;case 2: stu.add();break;case 3: stu.delet();break;case 4:stu.show();break;case 5: stu.edit();break;case 6:stu.sum();break;case 7: stu.search(); break;case 8:stu.write();break;case 9:stu.read();break;case 10:stu.sort();break;case 11:stu.score();break; case 12:exit(0);break;default:cout<<"请重新输入";}if(i==-1)break;cout<<"点击Enter键进行下一步";getchar();getchar();system("cls");}return 0;
}
2) 案例二
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#define LEN sizeof(struct student)
#include<windows.h>
typedef struct student{int id;int num;char name[20];int score;struct student *next;//指针域(指向节点的指针）
}stu;
struct student *creat() //创建头节点
{stu *head;head=(stu*)malloc(LEN);if(head==NULL)printf("申请失败");else{head->next ==NULL;}return head;
}void init_data(stu *p) //初始化数据
{int n,i;stu *q=NULL;printf("请输入要添加的学生个数：");scanf("%d",&n);getchar(); for(i=0;i<n;i++){q=(struct student*)malloc(LEN);printf("请输入第%d个学生的学生序号：",i+1);scanf("%d",&q->id);printf("请输入第%d个学生的学生号：",i+1);scanf("%d",&q->num );printf("请输入第%d个学生的姓名：",i+1);scanf("%s",q->name );printf("请输入第%d个学生的分数：",i+1);scanf("%d",&q->score ); p->next =q;p=p->next ;}q->next =NULL; printf("初始化信息成功\n");
}void insert_data(stu *p) //插入学生信息
{stu *Q=NULL;stu *q=p->next ;int n;printf("你要插入的个体数：");scanf("%d",&n);int i;for(i=1;i<=n;i++){Q=(struct student*)malloc (LEN); printf("请输入你要加入的学生序号：");scanf("%d",&Q->id );printf("请输入你要加入的学生号："); scanf("%d",&Q->num );printf("请输入你要加入的学生名字：");scanf("%s",Q->name );printf("请输入你要加入的学生分数：");scanf("%d",&Q->score );Q->next =q->next ;q->next =Q; }q=q->next ;//指针后移 printf("添加成功\n");
} void del_data(stu *p) //删除学生信息
{stu *q=p->next ;stu *l=p;bool flag=false;int i;printf("请输入要删除的学生的编号：");scanf("%d",&i);while(p){if(q->id ==i){l->next =q->next ;free(q);flag=true;break;}q=q->next ;l=l->next ;}if(flag==false){printf("无学生记录\n");}printf("删除成功\n");
} void find_data(stu *p) //查找学生信息
{stu *q=p->next ;bool flag=false;int i;printf("请输入你要查找的学生号：");scanf("%d",&i);while(q){if(i==q->id ){printf("学生序号：%d 学生学号：%d 学生姓名：%s 学生成绩：%d\n",q->id ,q->num ,q->name ,q->score );flag=true; } q=q->next ; }if(flag==false){printf("查找失败\n");}
}void change_data(stu *p) //修改学生信息
{stu *q=p->next ;bool flag=false;int i;printf("请输入需要修改的学生序号：");scanf("%d",&i);while(q){if(q->id ==i){printf("请输入修改后的编号：");scanf("%d",&q->id );printf("请输入修改后的学生号：");scanf("%d",&q->num );printf("请输入修改后的姓名：");scanf("%s",&q->name );printf("请输入修改后的分数：");scanf("%d",&q->score );flag=true;}q=q->next ;}if(flag==false){printf("修改失败\n");}else{printf("修改成功\n");}
}
void traverse(stu *p) //遍历链表
{stu *q=p->next ;while(q!=NULL){printf("学生序号：%d 学生学号：%d 学生姓名：%s 学生成绩：%d\n",q->id ,q->num ,q->name ,q->score );q=q->next ;}
} void choice() //显示列表
{stu *p;p=creat();printf("登录日期：\n"); system("date/t");printf("登陆时间：\n"); system("time/t");while(1){printf("-----------欢迎来到学生管理系统----------\n") ;printf("\t1.****初始化学生信息****\n"); printf("\t2.****插入学生信息****\n"); printf("\t3.****删除学生信息****\n");printf("\t4.****查找学生信息****\n");printf("\t5.****修改学生信息****\n");printf("\t6.****浏览学生信息****\n");printf("\t0.****退出系统****\n");printf("-----------------------------------------\n") ;int choice;printf("请选择: ");scanf("%d",&choice);switch(choice){case 1:printf("初始化信息：\n");init_data(p);break;case 2:system("CLS"); printf("插入信息\n");insert_data(p);break;case 3:system("CLS"); printf("删除信息\n");del_data(p);break;case 4:system("CLS"); printf("查找信息\n");find_data(p);break;case 5:system("CLS"); printf("修改信息\n");change_data(p);break; case 6:system("CLS"); printf("浏览信息\n"); traverse(p);break;case 0:system("CLS"); printf("谢谢使用,再见！！！\n");exit(0);default:system("CLS"); printf("输入错误，请重新输入！！！\n"); break;}}}void registerall(){char a[20],b[20],c[20],d[20];while(1){int n;printf("******** 1、注册 ********\n");printf("******** 2、登陆 ********\n");printf("******** 3、退出 ********\n");printf("请输入你的编号："); if(scanf(" %d",&n) == 1 ){switch(n){case 1:{while(1){int m;printf("1 注册 2 退出\n");if (scanf(" %d",&m) == 1 ){if( m == 2 ){break;}else if ( m == 1 ){printf("注册账户：");scanf(" %s",&a);printf("注册密码：");scanf(" %s",&b);} else{printf("输入错误\n");}} else{printf("非法输入！\n");break;}}break;}case 2:{while(1){int n;printf("1 登陆 2 退出登陆\n");if ( scanf("%d",&n) == 1 ){if( n == 2 ){break;}else if ( n == 1 ){printf("输入账户：");scanf(" %s",&c);printf("输入密码：");scanf(" %s",&d);if(strcmp(a,c)==0&&strcmp(b,d)==0){printf("登陆成功！\n");printf("内容正在加载中，请等待:\n");for(int j=0; j<8; j++){Sleep(500);printf(" . ");}Sleep(2500);system("CLS");system ("color F");choice(); }else{printf("账户或密码错误!\n");}}else{printf("input error\n");}}else{printf("非法输入！重新运行!\n");break;}}break;}case 3:{printf("退出成功！\n");exit(0);}default:printf("input error!\n");}}else{printf("非法输入！重新运行!\n");break;}}
}
int main()
{system("CLS"); system ("color 5F");registerall(); return 0;
}
3) 案例三
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
typedef struct student {int num;char name[20];char add[20];float achievement;struct student *next;
} happy,*point;struct student* creatlist() {point head=(point)malloc(sizeof(happy));;point two=head;int i,n;int num;char name[20];char add[20];float achievement;printf("请输入学生个数：");scanf("%d",&n);for(i=0; i<n; i++) {point one=(point)malloc(sizeof(happy));printf("请输入第%d个同学的数据：",i+1);int num;char name[20];char add[20];float achievement;scanf("%d %s %s %f",&num,name,add,&achievement);one->num =num;strcpy(one->name ,name);strcpy(one->add,add);one->achievement =achievement;two->next =one;one->next=NULL;two=one;}return head;}void travellist(point head) {int i=0;point one=head->next ;while(one!=NULL) {i++;printf("第%d个学生的数据：\n",i);printf("%d ",one->num );printf("%s ",one->name);printf("%s ",one->add);printf("%f \n",one->achievement);one=one->next ;}printf("\n");
}void insert(point head) {int num;printf("输入添加的学生位置(在它之后添加)");scanf("%d",&num);int num_;char name[20];char add[20];float achievement;scanf("%d %s %s %f",&num_,name,add,&achievement);point one=head;point three;int i=0;while(i<num) {one=one->next ;i++;}three=one->next ;point two=(point)malloc(sizeof(happy));two->num =num_;strcpy(two->name ,name);strcpy(two->add,add);two->achievement =achievement;one->next =two;two->next =three;
}void delate(point head) {int i=0;int n;int num;point one=head;point two;printf("输入你要删除的学生位置:");scanf("%d",&num);while(i<num-1) {one=one->next ;i++;}two=one->next ;one->next =two->next ;free(two);
}void search(point head) {point one=NULL;one=head->next ;int num;printf("你要查询的学号：") ;scanf("%d",&num);while(one!=NULL) {if(one->num ==num) {printf("查找成功\n");printf("学号：%d\n",one->num );printf("姓名：%s\n",one->name );printf("地址：%s\n",one->add );printf("成绩：%f\n",one->achievement );break; } one=one->next ;}}void revise(point head) {int num;int num_; char name[20];char add[20];float achievement;int n=0;point one=head;printf("输入学生位置：");scanf("%d",&num);while(n<num) {one=one->next ;n++;}scanf("%d %s %s %f",&num_,name,add,&achievement);one->num =num_;strcpy(one->name ,name);strcpy(one->add,add);one->achievement =achievement;
}void headline() {printf("1.输入学生数据\n");printf("2.添加学生数据\n");printf("3.删除学生数据\n");printf("4.查询学生数据\n");printf("5.修改学生数据\n");printf("6.退出系统\n");
}int main() {int i;point head;do{printf("\n");headline();printf("\n\n");printf("请选择1——9：");scanf("%d",&i);switch(i){case 1:head=creatlist();travellist(head); break;case 2:insert(head);travellist(head); break; case 3:delate(head);travellist(head);break;case 4:search(head);break;case 5:revise(head);travellist(head);break;case 6:break;default:printf("选择错误，请重新选择"); } }while(i!=6);return 0;
}
4) 案例四
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <conio.h>
#define N 1000typedef struct student{int number;char name[20];int grade;int gaoshu;int yingyu;int jisuanji;int sum;}STUDENT;STUDENT student[N];int shuliang=0; //用于记录有多少学生
class Student
{public:void fhzjm();void DengJi();void ShanChu();void LiuLan();void ChaZhao();void PaiXu();void Save();void menu();void DaoRu();
};void Student::fhzjm() //每次操作结束 来提醒是否继续进行操作
{char biaozhi[20];cout<<endl;cout<<"还需要操作么？如果需要操作请输入：yes，否则请输入：no"<<endl;cin>>biaozhi;if(strcmp(biaozhi,"yes")==0){menu();}else if(strcmp(biaozhi,"no")==0)exit(0); //退出系统 这是一个库函数 用于结束程序else{cout<<"请输入正确的字符，谢谢！"<<endl;fhzjm();}
}void Student::DengJi() //登记学生信息函数{int rs; //用于记录要输入多少条学生信息int i,k=1;system("CLS");cout<<"请输入需要输入几个学生信息："<<endl;cin>>rs;for(i=shuliang;i<shuliang+rs;i++,k++){cout<<"请输入第"<<k<<"个学生的学号：";cin>>student[i].number;cout<<"请输入学生的姓名：";cin>>student[i].name;//cout<<"请输入学生3门课的成绩：";cout<<"请输入第高数课的成绩：";cin>>student[i].gaoshu;cout<<"请输入英语课的成绩：";cin>>student[i].yingyu;cout<<"请输入第计算机课的成绩：";cin>>student[i].jisuanji;}shuliang=shuliang+rs;fhzjm();
}void Student::ShanChu() //删除学生信息
{char shanchuinfo[10];system("CLS"); //清屏函数 这是一个库函数 用于清除控制台中的所有信息cout<<"删除全部学生信息请输入\"all\"，删除指定学号的学生信息请输入\"one\"\n";cin>>shanchuinfo;if(strcmp(shanchuinfo,"all")==0){int j;cout<<"你删除的学生信息如下："<<endl;cout<<"-----------学号-------------姓名-------------高数--------------英语--------------计算机\t"<<endl;for(j=0;j<shuliang;j++)cout<<"----%d-------%s-------%d-------%d-------%d\t\n",student[j].number,student[j].name,student[j].gaoshu,student[j].jisuanji;shuliang=0;cout<<"删除成功"<<endl;}else if(strcmp(shanchuinfo,"one")==0){struct student *p=NULL;int choice;int i,j,k=0;cout<<"请输入你要删除的人的学号:";cin>>choice;for(i=0;i<shuliang;i++){if(choice==student[i].number){k=1;j=i;break;}}if(k){if(shuliang==1){p=&student[0];free(p);shuliang=0;}else{for(i=j;i<shuliang;i++){student[i]=student[i+1];}shuliang=shuliang-1;}cout<<"删除成功"<<endl;}else{cout<<"输入数据错误！"<<endl;}}fhzjm();
}void Student::LiuLan() //浏览操作函数
{int i;system("CLS");if(shuliang==0){cout<<"系统里面没有任何学生的信息！"<<endl;}else{for(i=0;i<shuliang;i++){cout<<"第"<<i+1<<"个学生的学号为："<<student[i].number<<endl;cout<<"第"<<i+1<<"个学生的姓名为："<<student[i].name<<endl;cout<<"第"<<i+1<<"个学生的高数课的成绩为："<<student[i].gaoshu<<endl;cout<<"第"<<i+1<<"个学生的英语课的成绩为："<<student[i].yingyu<<endl;cout<<"第"<<i+1<<"个学生的计算机课的成绩为："<<student[i].jisuanji<<endl;student[i].sum=student[i].gaoshu+student[i].yingyu+student[i].jisuanji;cout<<"第"<<i+1<<"个学生的总成绩为："<<student[i].sum<<endl;}}fhzjm();
}void Student::ChaZhao() //查找函数 实现查找功能 分为三种查询 按学号查询 按姓名 按成绩
{int xx;char choice,yy[20];int i,j,k=0;system("CLS");if(shuliang==0){cout<<"系统里面没有任何学生的信息！"<<endl;fhzjm();}cout<<"三种查找方式：学号，姓名，成绩"<<endl;cout<<"如果按学号查找请输1，如果按姓名查找请输2，如果按成绩查找请输3"<<endl;cout<<"请输入您查找的方式：";cin>>choice;if(choice=='1'){cout<<"请输入需要查找学生的学号：";cin>>xx;cout<<"您所查找的学生的信息为："<<endl;cout<<"----学号----姓名----高数成绩----英语成绩----计算机成绩----\t"<<endl;for(i=0;i<shuliang;i++){if(xx==student[i].number){j=i;k=1;cout<<"----%d-------%s-------%d-------%d-------%d----\t\n",student[j].number,student[j].name,student[j].gaoshu,student[j].yingyu,student[i].jisuanji;}}if(k==0)cout<<"输入信息有误："<<endl;}else if(choice=='2'){cout<<"请输入需要查找学生的姓名:";cin>>yy;cout<<"您所查找的学生的信息为："<<endl;cout<<"----学号----姓名----高数成绩----英语成绩----计算机成绩----\t"<<endl;for(i=0;i<shuliang;i++){if(strcmp(yy,student[i].name)==0){j=i;k=1;cout<<"----%d-------%s-------%d-------%d-------%d----\t\n",student[j].number,student[j].name,student[j].gaoshu,student[j].yingyu,student[j].jisuanji;}}if(k==0)cout<<"输入信息有误："<<endl;}else if(choice=='3'){cout<<"请输入需要查找学生的成绩："<<endl;cin>>xx;cout<<"您所查找的学生的信息为："<<endl;cout<<"----学号----姓名----高数----英语----计算机----\t"<<endl;for(i=0;i<shuliang;i++){if(xx==student[i].grade){j=i;k=1;cout<<"----%d-------%s-------%d-------%d-------%d----\t\n",student[j].number,student[j].name,student[j].gaoshu,student[j].yingyu,student[i].jisuanji;}}if(k==0)cout<<"输入信息有误："<<endl;}fhzjm();
}void Student::PaiXu() //排序函数 执行排序操作
{struct student *p1[N],**p2,*temp;int i,j;system("CLS");p2=p1;for( i=0;i<shuliang;i++){p1[i]=student+i;}for( i=0;i<shuliang;i++){for( j=i+1;j<shuliang;j++){if((*(p2+i))->sum<(*(p2+j))->sum){temp=*(p2+i);*(p2+i)=*(p2+j);*(p2+j)=temp;}}}cout<<"按照总成绩排序之后的信息为："<<endl;cout<<"----学号----姓名----总成绩----\t"<<endl;for( i=0;i<shuliang;i++){student[i].sum=student[i].gaoshu+student[i].yingyu+student[i].jisuanji;cout<<"----%d-----%s----%d-----\n",(*(p2+i))->number,(*(p2+i))->name,(*(p2+i))->sum;}fhzjm();
}void Student::Save() //保存数据 把数据写到文件操作
{int i;FILE *rs;if((rs=fopen("student.txt","w"))==NULL){cout<<"not open";exit(0);}for(i=0;i<shuliang;i++){fwrite(&student[i], sizeof(student[i]), 1, rs);}if(ferror(rs)){fclose(rs);perror("写文件失败！\n");return;}cout<<"存储文件成功！"<<endl;fclose(rs);fhzjm();
}void Student::DaoRu()
{struct student t;int i=0;FILE* fp = fopen("student.txt", "r");shuliang=0;if(NULL==fp){perror("读取文件打开失败！\n");return;}memset(student,0x0,sizeof(student));while(1){fread(&t,sizeof(t),1,fp);if(ferror(fp)){fclose(fp);perror("读文件过程失败！\n");return;}if(feof(fp)){break;}student[i]=t;i++;}fclose(fp);shuliang=i;cout<<"导入文件成功！"<<endl;fhzjm();
}
void Student::menu()
{int n=0;system("CLS");cout<<" ==================学生信息管理系统==============="<<endl;cout<<" = 1.登记学生信息 ="<<endl;cout<<" = 2.删除学生信息 ="<<endl;cout<<" = 3.浏览学生信息 ="<<endl;cout<<" = 4.查找学生信息 ="<<endl;cout<<" = 5.根据总成绩排序 ="<<endl;cout<<" = 6.存储到文件 ="<<endl;cout<<" = 7.从文件导入 ="<<endl;cout<<" = 8.退出系统 ="<<endl;cout<<" ================================================="<<endl;cout<<" 请选择：";cin>>n;switch (n){case 1:DengJi();break; //等记信息case 2:ShanChu();break; //删除信息case 3:LiuLan();break; //浏览信息case 4:ChaZhao();break; //查找信息case 5:PaiXu();break; //对成绩记性排序case 6:Save();break; //保存数据到文件中case 7:DaoRu();break; //把文件中的数据导入到程序中case 8:exit(0);break; //退出系统}
}int main()
{Student student;student.menu();return 0;
}
5) 案例五
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cstring>
#include<fstream>
#include<windows.h>
using namespace std;
class student {public:int num; //学号char s[20];char name[20]; //姓名double score[6]; //成绩double total; //总分student *next;void input();void readfile(ifstream&in); // 读出数据
};
void student::input() { //输入信息 调用它cout<<"请输入学号：";cin>>num;cout<<"请输入姓名：";cin>>name;int a,b,c,d;cout<<"请输入语文：";cin>>a;while(a>150||a<0) {cout<<"输入成绩有错误，请从新输入：";cin>>a;}cout<<"请输入高数：";cin>>b;while(b>150||b<0) {cout<<"输入成绩有错误，请从新输入：";cin>>b;}cout<<"请输入英语：";cin>>c;while(c>150||c<0) {cout<<"输入成绩有错误，请从新输入：";cin>>c;}cout<<"请输入专业课：";cin>>d;while(d>150||d<0) {cout<<"输入成绩有错误，请从新输入：";cin>>d;}score[1]=a;score[2]=b;score[3]=c;score[4]=d;total=a+b+c+d;next=NULL;}
void student::readfile(ifstream&in) { //文件的调用 直接调用 不能其他的 得一一的调用in>>num>>name>>score[1]>>score[2]>>score[3]>>score[4]>>total;}
class studentmessage {public:studentmessage();void add();//添加void display();void maxmin();//输出最大最小的姓名void save();//保存文件void rank();//排序void swap(student*p,student*q);void menu();//菜单void xiugai();//修改void tianjia();void shanchu();void chazhao();void average();void youxiu();void bukao();void duqu();protected:student *head;student *tail;ofstream out;ifstream in;};
studentmessage::studentmessage() { //！！！ 多看看head=new student;head->next=new student;tail=head->next;ifstream in("file.text");//打开文件char ch=in.get(); // //读取一个文件的的字符 ！！so 保存时添加无关一个字符if(in.eof()) {cout<<"是一个新系统，无学生信息。请先输入"<<endl;}while(!in.eof()) { //文件里有东西 读取 自动tail->readfile(in);if(tail->name[0]=='\0') { //判断mane 又没空格break;}tail->next= new student; // 建立一个空间tail->next->next=NULL; //不同tail=tail->next;tail->next=NULL; //用tail NULL 来判断 // 尾插}}void studentmessage::add() {system("cls");int flag=1;while(flag) {tail->input();tail->next=new student;tail->next->next=NULL;tail=tail->next;cout<<"是否输入（Y/N)"<<endl;char n;cin>>n;if(n=='N'|| n=='n') {flag=0;}}system("pause");
}
void studentmessage::display() {system("cls");student *p=head->next;if(p==NULL) {cout<<"没有"<<endl;}for(p; p->next!=NULL; p=p->next) { //???cout<<"-----------------------"<<endl;cout<<"学号："<<p->num<<endl;cout<<"姓名："<<p->name<<endl;cout<<"语文："<<p->score[1]<<endl;cout<<"高数："<<p->score[2]<<endl;cout<<"英语："<<p->score[3]<<endl;cout<<"专业课："<<p->score[4]<<endl;cout<<"总分："<<p->total<<endl;cout<<"------------------------"<<endl;}system("pause");
}
void studentmessage::swap(student *p,student *q) {student *temp=new student;temp->num=p->num;strcpy(temp->name,p->name);temp->score[1]=p->score[1];temp->score[2]=p->score[2];temp->score[3]=p->score[3];temp->score[4]=p->score[4];temp->total=p->total;p->num=q->num;strcpy(p->name,q->name);p->score[1]=q->score[1];p->score[2]=q->score[2];p->score[3]=q->score[3];p->score[4]=q->score[4];p->total=q->total;q->num=temp->num;strcpy(q->name,temp->name);q->score[1]=temp->score[1];q->score[2]=temp->score[2];q->score[3]=temp->score[3];q->score[4]=temp->score[4];q->total=temp->total;
}
void studentmessage::rank() {system("cls");student *p,*q;p=head->next;for(p; p->next!=NULL; p=p->next) {for(q=p->next; q->next!=NULL; q=q->next) {if(q->total>p->total)swap(q,p);}}cout<<"排序成功"<<endl;student *p1=head->next;for(p1; p1->next!=NULL; p1=p1->next) {cout<<"-----------------------"<<endl;cout<<"学号："<<p1->num<<endl;cout<<"姓名："<<p1->name<<endl;cout<<"语文："<<p1->score[1]<<endl;cout<<"高数："<<p1->score[2]<<endl;cout<<"英语："<<p1->score[3]<<endl;cout<<"专业课："<<p1->score[4]<<endl;cout<<"总分："<<p1->total<<endl;cout<<"------------------------"<<endl;}system("pause");
}
void studentmessage::menu() {system("cls");system("date/t");system("time/t");system("color 5F");cout<<"\t\t\t\t***************************************************"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t-------------------学生管理系统--------------------"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 1.录入信息 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 2.显示信息 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 3.修改信息 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 4.删除信息 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 5.添加信息 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 6.查找信息 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 7.保存信息 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 8.退出系统 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t***************************************************"<<endl;system("pause");
}
void studentmessage::xiugai() {system("cls");student *p=head->next;int flag=1;while(flag) {int n;cout<<"修改输入学号："<<endl;cin>>n;while(p->num!=n&&p->next!=NULL) {// cout<<"asdasd";p=p->next;}p->input();cout<<"修改成功"<<endl;cout<<"选择是否接着修改(Y/N)"<<endl;char k;cin>>k;if(k=='N'||k=='n') {flag=0;}}system("pause");
}
void studentmessage::tianjia() {system("cls");student *p=head;student *p1=head->next;student *p2=new student;char k;while(k!='N') {int n;cout<<"输入你添加的位数"<<endl;cin>>n;int i=0;while(n!=i+1) {p=p->next;p1=p->next;i++;}p2->input();p2->next=p1;p->next=p2;cout<<"选择是否插入：(Y/N)"<<endl;cin>>k;}system("pause");
}
void studentmessage::shanchu() {system("cls");student *p=head;student *p1=head->next;char k;while(k!='N') {int n;cout<<"输入你删除的位数"<<endl;cin>>n;int i=0;while(n!=i+1) {p=p->next;p1=p->next;i++;}p->next=p1->next;delete p1;cout<<"删除成功"<<endl;cout<<"选择是否删除：(Y/N)"<<endl;cin>>k;}system("pause");
}
void studentmessage::chazhao() {system("cls");student *p=head->next;int a;cout<<"请输入要查找的学生的学号:";cin>>a;while(p) {if(p->num==a) {break;}p=p->next;}if(!p) {cout<<"未找到要查找学生！"<<endl;return ;}cout<<"查找成功";cout<<"-----------------------"<<endl;cout<<"学号："<<p->num<<endl;cout<<"姓名："<<p->name<<endl;cout<<"语文："<<p->score[1]<<endl;cout<<"高数："<<p->score[2]<<endl;cout<<"英语："<<p->score[3]<<endl;cout<<"专业课："<<p->score[4]<<endl;cout<<"总分："<<p->total<<endl;system("pause");
}
void studentmessage::maxmin() {system("cls");student *p,*q;p=head->next;for(p; p->next!=NULL; p=p->next) {for(q=p->next; q->next!=NULL; q=q->next) {if(q->total>p->total)swap(q,p);}}cout<<"最高分的名字是:"<<head->next->name<<endl;student *p1=head->next;//cout<<"最低分的名字是:"<<p1->name<<endl; while(p1->next->next!=NULL){
// cout<<"最低分的名字是:"<<p1->name<<endl; p1=p1->next;} cout<<"最低分的名字是:"<<p1->name<<endl; cout<<"输出成功！"<<endl;system("pause");}
void studentmessage::average() {system("cls");student *p=head->next;double average[5];int i=0;for(p; p!=NULL; p=p->next) {average[1]=average[1]+p->score[1];average[2]=average[2]+p->score[2];average[3]=average[3]+p->score[3];average[4]=average[4]+p->score[4];i++;}cout<<"语文平均成绩："<<average[1]/i<<endl;cout<<"高数平均成绩："<<average[2]/i<<endl;cout<<"英语平均成绩："<<average[3]/i<<endl;cout<<"专业课平均成绩："<<average[4]/i<<endl;system("pause");
}
void studentmessage::save() {system("cls");out.open("file.text");student *p=head->next;//out<<"1"<<" ";if(head->next==NULL) {cout<<"没有文件"<<endl;return ;} else {// out<<"学号: "<<"姓名: "<<"语文: "<<"高数: "<<"英语: ""专业课: "<<"总分: "<<endl;for(p; p->next!=NULL; p=p->next) {out<<" ";out<<p->num<<" ";out<<p->name<<" ";out<<p->score[1]<<" ";out<<p->score[2]<<" ";out<<p->score[3]<<" ";out<<p->score[4]<<" ";out<<p->total<<endl;}}out.close();cout<<"文件保存成功!"<<endl;system("pause");
}
void studentmessage::youxiu() {system("cls");student *p=head->next;for(p; p!=NULL; p=p->next) {if(p->total>340&&p->score[1]>70&&p->score[2]>70&&p->score[3]>70&&p->score[4]>70) {cout<<"-----------------------"<<endl;cout<<"学号："<<p->num<<endl;cout<<"姓名："<<p->name<<endl;cout<<"语文："<<p->score[1]<<endl;cout<<"高数："<<p->score[2]<<endl;cout<<"英语："<<p->score[3]<<endl;cout<<"专业课："<<p->score[4]<<endl;cout<<"总分："<<p->total<<endl;cout<<"------------------------"<<endl;continue;}}system("pause");
}
void studentmessage::bukao() {system("cls");student *p=head->next;out.open("bukao.text");out<<"补考名单："<<endl;for(p; p!=NULL; p=p->next) {if(p->score[1]<60||p->score[2]<60||p->score[3]<60||p->score[4]<60) {out<<p->name<<endl;;continue;}}out.close();cout<<"文件保存成功！"<<endl;system("pause");
}
class teather :public studentmessage {public:// teather();void menu();};
void teather::menu() {system("cls");system("date/t");system("time/t");system("color 5F");cout<<"\t\t\t\t***************************************************"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t-------------------老师管理系统--------------------"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 1.录入信息 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 2.显示信息 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 3.修改信息 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 4.删除信息 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 5.添加信息 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 6.查找信息 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 7.总分排序 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 8.平均成绩 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 9.优秀名单 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 10.保存信息 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 11.最大最小 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 12.补考名单 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t 13.退出系统 "<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t***************************************************"<<endl;system("pause");
}
class studentstudent:public studentmessage {public:
};
int main() {cout<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl;cout.width(65);cout <<"系统正在启动，请稍等！";for(int i=0; i<7; i++) {printf(" .");Sleep(200);}int flag=1;while (flag) {system("cls");system("date/t");system("time/t");system("color 3F");cout<<"\t\t\t\t---------------------------------------\t\t\t\t"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t--------欢迎来到学生信息管理系统-------\t\t\t\t"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t---------------1.老师管理--------------\t\t\t\t"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t---------------2.学生管理--------------\t\t\t\t"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t---------------3.退出系统--------------\t\t\t\t"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t---------------------------------------\t\t\t\t"<<endl;int i;cout<<"请选择(1,2,3)"<<endl;cin>>i;if(i==1) {teather m;int flag1=1;while(flag1) {m.menu();cout<<"你选择的编号："<<endl;int n;cin>>n;switch(n) {case 1:system("cls");m.add();break;case 2:system("cls");m.display();break;case 3:system("cls");m.xiugai();break;case 4:system("cls");m.shanchu();break;case 5:system("cls");m.tianjia();break;case 6:system("cls");m.chazhao();break;case 7:system("cls");m.rank();break;case 8:system("cls");m.average();break;case 9:system("cls");m.youxiu();break;case 10:system("cls");m.save();break;case 11:system("cls");m.maxmin();break;case 12:system("cls");m.bukao();break;case 13:system("cls");flag1=0;break;}}}if(i==2) {studentstudent w;int flag2=1;while(flag2) {w.menu();cout<<"你选择的编号："<<endl;int n;cin>>n;switch(n) {case 1:system("cls");w.add();break;case 2:system("cls");w.display();break;case 3:system("cls");w.xiugai();break;case 4:system("cls");w.shanchu();break;case 5:system("cls");w.tianjia();break;case 6:system("cls");w.chazhao();break;case 7:system("cls");w.save();break;case 8:system("cls");flag2=0;break;}}}if(i==3) {system("cls");cout<<"欢迎下次再来"<<endl;flag=0;system("pause");} else {system("cls");cout<<"欢迎来到主页面"<<endl;system("pause");}}return 0;
}
6) 案例六
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<fstream>using namespace std;class Student{public:int id;char name[20];char sex[20];int age;int score;
};class operate:public Student{public:int n;operate(int score1){score=score1;} operate *next;operate *creat(operate *head);void add(operate *head);void del(operate *head);void search(operate *head);void rewrite(operate *head);void show(operate *head);void sort(operate *head);int save(operate *head);void read(operate *head);void headline();
};//void operate::save(operate *head)
//{
// ofstream outfile("D:\\a.txt");
// if(!outfile)
// {
// cerr<<"open error!"<<endl;
// exit(1);
// }
// operate *p=head->next;
// while(p)
// {
// outfile<<p->score<<endl ;
// p=p->next;
// }
// outfile.close();
// cout<<"保存完成"<<endl;
//}int operate::save(operate *head)
{operate *p=head->next;fstream outfile("D:\\a.txt",ios::out);if(!outfile){cout<<"File open error"<<endl;return -1;}while(p!=NULL){outfile<<p->id<<endl;outfile<<p->name<<endl;outfile<<p->sex<<endl;outfile<<p->age<<endl;outfile<<p->score<<endl;p=p->next;}outfile.close();cout<<"保存成功"<<endl;
}void operate::read(operate *head)
{fstream infile("D:\\a.txt",ios::in);if(!infile){cerr<<"read error!"<<endl;exit(1);}operate *p=head->next;while(p!=NULL){infile>>p->id;infile>>p->name;infile>>p->sex;infile>>p->age;infile>>p->score;cout<<"id:"<<p->id<<endl;cout<<"name:"<<p->name<<endl;cout<<"sex:"<<p->sex<<endl;cout<<"age:"<<p->age<<endl;cout<<"score:"<<p->score<<endl;p=p->next;}infile.close();cout<<"读取完毕"<<endl;
}/*void operate::save(operate *head)
{FILE *fp;operate *p;p=head->next;if((fp=fopen("stu.txt","a"))==NULL){cout<<"error"<<endl;return ; }while(p!=NULL){fprintf(fp," %d \n",p->score);p=p->next; }cout<<"保存成功"<<endl;fclose(fp);
}*//*void operate::read(operate *head)
{FILE *fp;operate *pt;int i=0;pt=head->next;if((fp=fopen("stu.txt","r"))==NULL){cout<<"error"; exit(0); }fscanf(fp,"%d ",&pt->score);while(pt!=NULL) { i++;cout<<"第"<<i<<"个学生的分数："<<pt->score<<endl;pt=pt->next;}fclose(fp);}*/operate *operate::creat(operate *head)
{head=(operate *)malloc(sizeof(operate));operate *p;p=head;p->next==NULL;int id1;char name1[20];char sex1[20];int age1;int score1;cout<<"请输入要添加的人数："<<endl;cin>>n;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){operate *q=(operate *)malloc(sizeof(operate));cout<<"id："<<endl;cin>>id1;cout<<"name："<<endl;cin>>name1;cout<<"sex："<<endl;cin>>sex1;cout<<"age："<<endl;cin>>age1;cout<<"score："<<endl;cin>>score1;q->id=id1;strcpy(q->name,name1);strcpy(q->sex,sex1);q->age=age1;q->score=score1;p->next=q;q->next=NULL;p=q;}return head;
}
void operate::show(operate *head)
{operate *p;p=head->next;while(p!=NULL){cout<<"id:"<<p->id<<endl;cout<<"name:"<<p->name<<endl;cout<<"sex:"<<p->sex<<endl;cout<<"age:"<<p->age<<endl;cout<<"score:"<<p->score<<endl;p=p->next;}
}void operate::add(operate *head)
{operate *p1,*p2,*p3;int b;p1=head;p3=p1->next;int id1;cout<<"请输入要插入哪个id后："<<endl;cin>>id1;while (p3!=NULL){if(p3->id==id1){b=0;break;}p3=p3->next;}if(b==0){cout<<"请输入要插入的数："<<endl;p2=(operate *)malloc(sizeof(operate));cin>>p2->id;cin>>p2->name;cin>>p2->sex;cin>>p2->age;cin>>p2->score;p2->next=p3->next;p3->next=p2; }else{cout<<"无此学生"<<endl;}
}void operate::del(operate *head)
{operate *p,*q;int b=1,d=0;q=head;p=q->next; cout<<"请输入要删除的id："<<endl;int id1;cin>>id1;while (p->id!=id1) {q=q->next;p=p->next;if(p==NULL){cout<<"无此学生，删除失败"<<endl;b=0;break;}}if(b!=0){q->next=p->next;free(p);}}void operate::search(operate *head)
{operate *p,*q;int b;q=head;p=head->next;int id1;cout<<"请输入要查找的id："<<endl;cin>>id1;while(p!=NULL){if(p->id==id1){b=1;cout<<"id:"<<p->id<<endl;cout<<"name:"<<p->name<<endl;cout<<"sex:"<<p->sex<<endl;cout<<"age:"<<p->age<<endl;cout<<"score:"<<p->score<<endl;break;}else if(b!=1){cout<<"无此学生"<<endl;}q=q->next;p=p->next; }} void operate::rewrite(operate *head)
{operate *p,*q;q=head;p=head->next;int id1;cout<<"请输入要修改的id："<<endl;cin>>id1;while(p!=NULL){if(p->id==id1){cout<<"请输入修改后的数据："<<endl;cin>>p->id;cin>>p->name;cin>>p->sex;cin>>p->age;cin>>p->score;break;}q=q->next;p=p->next;if(q->id!=id1){cout<<"无此学生,修改失败！"<<endl;break;}}}void operate::sort(operate *head)
{operate *p,*q,*q1;int score1;char name_[20];char sex_[20];int age1;int id_;q1=head->next;int k=0;while(q1!=NULL){ k++;q1=q1->next;}for(int i=0;i<k;i++){for(p=head->next,q=p->next;p!=NULL,q!=NULL;p=p->next,q=q->next){if(p->score>q->score){score1=q->score;q->score=p->score;p->score=score1;strcpy(name_,q->name);strcpy(q->name,p->name);strcpy(p->name,name_);strcpy(sex_,q->sex);strcpy(q->sex,p->sex);strcpy(p->sex,sex_);age1=q->age;q->age=p->age;p->age=age1;id_=q->id;q->id=p->id;p->id=id_;}} }
}void operate::headline()
{printf(" 欢迎使用学生信息管理系统 \n");printf("=========学生信息管理系统=========\n");printf("= 1.录入学生信息 =\n");printf("= 2.添加学生信息 =\n");printf("= 3.删除学生信息 =\n");printf("= 4.查询学生信息 =\n");printf("= 5.修改学生信息 =\n");printf("= 6.学生成绩排序 =\n");printf("= 7.学生成绩储存 =\n");printf("= 8.学生成绩读取 =\n");printf("= 9.退出系统 =\n");
}int main() {system("color 5F");int i;operate *head;operate a(1);do {a.headline();printf("= 请选择1-8 =\n");printf("==================================\n");scanf("%d",&i);switch(i) {case 1:head=a.creat(head);a.show(head);break;case 2:a.add(head);a.show(head);break;case 3:a.del(head);a.show(head);break;case 4:a.search(head);break;case 5:a.rewrite(head);a.show(head);break;case 6:a.sort(head);a.show(head);break;case 7:a.save(head);break;case 8:a.read(head);break;case 9:break;default:cout<<"选择错误，请重选！！"<<endl;}system("pause");system("cls");} while(i!=9);return 0;}//int main()
//{
// operate *head;
// operate a(1);
// head=a.creat(head);
// a.show(head);
a.add(head);
a.show(head);
a.del(head);
a.show(head);
a.search(head);
a.rewrite(head);
a.show(head);
// a.sort(head);
// a.show(head);
// a.save(head);
// a.read(head);
// return 0;
//}/* int c;cout<<"请输入插入方式(1.头插 2.尾插 3.中插)"<<endl;cin>>c;switch(c){case 1:operate *p;p=(operate *)malloc(sizeof(operate));cout<<"输入要插入的分数："<<endl;cin>>p->score;p->next=head->next;head->next=p;break;case 2:operate *p1,*q;q=head->next;p1=(operate *)malloc(sizeof(operate));cout<<"输入要插入的分数："<<endl;int score1;cin>>score1;p1->score=score1;while(q!=NULL){if(q->score=score1){cout<<"已存在的分数，请重新输入。"<<endl;break;}q=q->next;} p1=q->next;p1->next=NULL;}
*/
7) 案例七
//录入其信息，如：学生姓名，性别，专业，出生日期，家庭地址，英语入学成绩
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
//#include<string.h>
#include<fstream>
#include<conio.h>
//#include<windows.h>
//#include<time.h>using namespace std;
class student //信息
{public:student(string name,string sex,string major,string birthday,string home,string englishscore);student(string zhanghao,string mima);string s_name ; //姓名 string s_sex ; //性别 string s_major ; //专业 string s_birthday ; //生日 string s_home ; //住址 string s_englishscore; //英语成绩int i_studentnum; //学生人数 student ** student_p; //学生指针bool panduanwenjian; //判断文件 int getnum(); //得到文件中内用数量 void init(); //初始化数据void dayin(); //打印 int panduanxuesheng(string name); //判断学生是否存在 ~student();
};student::student(string name,string sex,string major,string birthday,string home,string englishscore)
{this->s_name=name;this->s_sex=sex;this->s_major=major;this->s_birthday=birthday;this->s_home=home;this->s_englishscore=englishscore;this->i_studentnum=0;this->student_p=NULL;
}student::~student()
{if(this->student_p!=NULL){delete[] this->student_p;this->student_p=NULL;}
}class function:public student //功能
{public:function(string name,string sex,string major,string birthday,string home,string englishscore);function(string zhanghao,string mima); void mulu(); //目录void tuichu(); //退出 void zengjia(); //增加void shanchu(); //删除void duwenjian(); //读文件 void chazhao(); //查找void xiugai(); //修改void xianshi(); //显示 void tongji(); //统计void paixu(); //排序void cunwenjian(); //存文件~function(){};
};function::function(string name,string sex,string major,string birthday,string home,string englishscore):student(name,sex,major,birthday,home,englishscore)
{}void function::zengjia() //增加
{cout<<"请输入要添加的学生数"<<endl;int addnum;cin>>addnum;if(addnum>0){int newsize=this->i_studentnum+addnum;student ** newspace=new student * [newsize];if(this->student_p!=NULL){for(int i=0;i<this->i_studentnum;i++){newspace[i]=this->student_p[i];}}for(int i=0;i<addnum;i++){string name,sex,major,birthday,home,englishscore;cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"个新学生姓名"<<endl;cin>>name;cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"个新学生性别"<<endl;cin>>sex;cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"个新学生专业"<<endl;cin>>major;cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"个新学生生日"<<endl;cin>>birthday;cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"个新学生住址"<<endl;cin>>home;cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"个新学生英语成绩"<<endl;cin>>englishscore;student * stu=NULL;stu=new student(name,sex,major,birthday,home,englishscore);newspace[this->i_studentnum+i]=stu;}delete [] this->student_p;this->student_p=newspace;this->i_studentnum=newsize;this->panduanwenjian=false; cout<<"成功添加"<<addnum<<"名学生"<<endl;}else{cout<<"输入有误"<<endl;}system("pause");system("cls");
} void function::shanchu() //删除
{if(this->panduanwenjian){cout<<"文件不存在或为空！"<<endl;}else{cout<<"请输入要删除的姓名："<<endl;string name;cin>>name;int index=this->panduanxuesheng(name);if(index!=-1){for(int i=index;i<this->i_studentnum-1;i++){this->student_p[i]=this->student_p[i+1];}this->i_studentnum--;this->cunwenjian();cout<<"删除成功！"<<endl;}else{cout<<"删除失败，未找到该学生"<<endl;} }system("pause");system("cls");
} void function::duwenjian() //读文件
{ifstream ifs;ifs.open("wenjian.txt",ios::in);if(!ifs.is_open()){cout<<"文件不存在"<<endl;this->i_studentnum=0;this->panduanwenjian=true;this->student_p=NULL;ifs.close();system("pause");system("cls");return ; }char ch;ifs>>ch;if(ifs.eof()){cout<<"文件为空"<<endl;this->i_studentnum=0;this->panduanwenjian=true;this->student_p=NULL;ifs.close();system("pause");system("cls");return ;}int num=this->getnum();
// cout<<"文件中学生数为："<<num<<endl; //测试
// system("pause");this->i_studentnum=num;this->student_p=new student * [this->i_studentnum];init();
// for(int i=0;i<i_studentnum;i++) //测试
// {
// cout<<"姓名："<<this->student_p[i]->s_name<<endl;
system("pause");
// }
}void function::chazhao() //查找
{if(this->panduanwenjian){cout<<"文件不存在或为空！"<<endl;}else{cout<<"请输入要查找的学生姓名："<<endl;string name;cin>>name;bool flag=false;for(int i=0;i<i_studentnum;i++){if(student_p[i]->s_name==name){cout<<"查找成功，信息如下："<<endl;flag=true;this->student_p[i]->dayin();}}if(flag==false){cout<<"查找失败，查无此人"<<endl;}}system("pause");system("cls");
}void function::xiugai() //修改
{if(this->panduanwenjian){cout<<"文件不存在或为空！"<<endl;}else{cout<<"请输入要修改的学生的姓名："<<endl;string name;cin>>name;int ret=this->panduanxuesheng(name);if(ret!=-1){delete this->student_p[ret];string newname="";string newsex="";string newmajor="";string newbirthday="";string newhome="";string newenglishscore="";cout<<"查到"<<name<<"同学请输入新姓名："<<endl;cin>>newname;cout<<"请输入新性别："<<endl;cin>>newsex;cout<<"请输入新专业："<<endl;cin>>newmajor;cout<<"请输入新生日："<<endl;cin>>newbirthday;cout<<"请输入新住址："<<endl;cin>>newhome;cout<<"请输入新英语成绩："<<endl;cin>>newenglishscore;student * stu=NULL;stu=new student(newname,newsex,newmajor,newbirthday,newhome,newenglishscore);this->student_p[ret]=stu;cout<<"修改成功！"<<endl; }else{cout<<"修改失败，查无此人！"<<endl;}}system("pause");system("cls");
}void function::xianshi() //显示
{if(this->panduanwenjian){cout<<"文件不存在或为空!"<<endl;}else{for(int i=0;i<i_studentnum;i++){this->student_p[i]->dayin();}}system("pause");system("cls");
}void function::tongji() //统计
{if(this->panduanwenjian){cout<<"文件不存在或为空!"<<endl;}else{ int a1=0,a2=0;for(int i=0;i<i_studentnum;i++){if(this->student_p[i]->s_sex=="男"){a1++;}else{a2++;}}cout<<"男生人数："<<a1<<endl; cout<<"女生人数："<<a2<<endl;}system("pause");system("cls");
}void function::paixu() //排序
{if(this->panduanwenjian){cout<<"文件不存在或为空!"<<endl;}else{for(int i=0;i<i_studentnum;i++){int max=i;for(int j=i+1;j<i_studentnum;j++){if(student_p[max]->s_englishscore<student_p[j]->s_englishscore){max=j;}}if(i!=max){student * temp=student_p[i];student_p[i]=student_p[max];student_p[max]=temp;}}cout<<"排序成功，结果为："<<endl;this->cunwenjian();this->xianshi();}
}void function::cunwenjian() //存文件
{ofstream ofs;ofs.open("wenjian.txt",ios::out);for(int i=0;i<this->i_studentnum;i++){ofs<<this->student_p[i]->s_name<<" "<<this->student_p[i]->s_sex<<" "<<this->student_p[i]->s_major<<" "<<this->student_p[i]->s_birthday<<" "<<this->student_p[i]->s_home<<" "<<this->student_p[i]->s_englishscore<<endl;}ofs.close();
}void student::dayin() //打印
{cout<<"姓名："<<this->s_name<<"\t性别："<<this->s_sex<<"\t专业："<<this->s_major<<"\t生日："<<this->s_birthday<<"\t住址："<<this->s_home<<"\t英语成绩："<<this->s_englishscore<<endl;
}int student::getnum() //得文件中学生数量
{ifstream ifs;ifs.open("wenjian.txt",ios::in);int num=0;string s_name ; //姓名 string s_sex ; //性别 string s_major ; //专业 string s_birthday ; //生日 string s_home ; //住址 string s_englishscore; //英语成绩while(ifs >> s_name && ifs >> s_sex && ifs >> s_major && ifs >> s_birthday && ifs >> s_home && ifs >> s_englishscore) {num++;}ifs.close();return num;
}void student::init() //初始化
{ifstream ifs;ifs.open("wenjian.txt",ios::in);string s_name ; //姓名 string s_sex ; //性别 string s_major ; //专业 string s_birthday ; //生日 string s_home ; //住址 string s_englishscore; //英语成绩int index=0;while(ifs >> s_name && ifs >> s_sex && ifs >> s_major && ifs >> s_birthday && ifs >> s_home && ifs >> s_englishscore){student * stu=NULL;stu=new student(s_name,s_sex,s_major,s_birthday,s_home,s_englishscore);this->student_p[index]=stu;index++;}ifs.close();
}int student::panduanxuesheng(string name) //判断学生
{int index=-1;for(int i=0;i<this->i_studentnum;i++){if(this->student_p[i]->s_name==name){index=i;break;}}return index;
}void function::mulu() //目录
{cout<<"**************************************"<<endl;cout<<"*****欢迎使用新生基本信息统计软件*****"<<endl;cout<<"\t1. 学生信息新增\t"<<endl;cout<<"\t2. 学生信息删除\t"<<endl;cout<<"\t3. 学生信息导入\t"<<endl;cout<<"\t4. 学生信息搜索\t"<<endl;cout<<"\t5. 学生信息修改\t"<<endl;cout<<"\t6. 学生信息显示\t"<<endl;cout<<"\t7. 学生信息统计(男/女)\t"<<endl;cout<<"\t8. 按英语成绩排序\t"<<endl;cout<<"\t9. 学生信息保存\t"<<endl;cout<<"\t0. 退出\t"<<endl;cout<<"**************************************"<<endl;cout<<endl;
}void function::tuichu() //退出
{cout<<"--------------------"<<endl;cout<<"谢谢使用"<<endl;system("pause");exit(0);
}struct user{string password;string name;};void zhuce() //注册
{system("cls");string name;char *password = new char[20];user c;ifstream fin;fin.open("user.txt",ios::in); cout<<"请输入用户名：";cin>>name;while(fin>>c.name>>c.password){if(name==c.name){cout<<"该用户名已被占用"<<endl;system("pause");zhuce();}}char test;int i=0;cout<<"输入密码：";while((test=getch())!='\r'){if(test==0){if(i>0){cout<<test<<" "<<test;password[i--]='\0';}}else{if(i<20){cout<<"*";password[i]=test;i++;}}}password[i]='\0';cout<<endl<<"再次输入密码：";char *password2=new char[20];i=0;while((test=getch())!='\r'){if(test==0){if(i>0){cout<<test<<" "<<test;password2[i--]='\0';}}else{if(i<20){cout<<"*";password2[i]=test;i++;}}password2[i]='\0';}if(password==password2){cout<<endl<<"两次密码不正确"<<endl;system("pause");zhuce();}else{cout<<endl<<"注册成功"<<endl;system("pause"); }ofstream fout;fout.open("user.txt",ios_base::out|ios_base::app);fout<<name<<" "<<password<<endl;fout.close();
}void denglu() //登录
{system("cls");char * password=new char[20];string name;cout<<"用户名：";cin>>name;cout<<"密码：";char test;int i=0;while((test=getch())!='\r'){if(test==0){if(i>0){cout<<test<<" "<<test;password[i--]='\0';}}else{if(i<20){cout<<"*";password[i]=test;i++;}}}password[i]='\0';ifstream fin;fin.open("user.txt",ios_base::in);if(fin.fail()){cout<<"文件打开失败！"<<endl;}user c;int f1;while(fin>>c.name>>c.password){if(c.name==name&&c.password==password){cout<<endl<<"登陆成功"<<endl;system("pause"); f1=1;
// ntreface();}}if(f1==0){cout<<"用户名或密码错误"<<endl;system("pause");denglu();
// logo();}
}void dengluzhuce() //登陆注册
{while(1){system("cls");system("color 0b");cout<<"*********欢迎使用新生基本信息统计软件*********"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t1.登录\t\t"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t2.注册\t\t"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t3.退出\t\t"<<endl;int a;cin>>a;switch(a){case 1:denglu();return ;break;case 2:zhuce();break;case 3:exit(0);break;default:break;} }}int main()
{system("mode con cols=50 lines=25");dengluzhuce();function p1("0","0","0","0","0","0");int a=1;while(a){system("color 07"); system("cls");p1.mulu();int b;cin>>b;switch(b){case 1://新增学生信息p1.zengjia();break;case 2://删除学生信息p1.shanchu();break;case 3://导入学生信息(读取文件)p1.duwenjian(); break;case 4://学生信息搜索 (按姓名)p1.chazhao();break;case 5://修改 p1.xiugai();break;case 6://显示p1.xianshi(); break;case 7://学生信息统计(按专业或性别或年龄)p1.tongji();break;case 8://按英语成绩排序p1.paixu();break;case 9://学生信息保存(入文件)p1.cunwenjian();break;case 0://退出p1.tuichu();break;default:cout<<"指令错误！"<<endl;system("pause");system("cls");break;}}return 0;
}
8) 案例八
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<fstream>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<windows.h>
using namespace std;
class student {public:int num;char name[20];float chi;float eng;float math;float syn;float total;float paiming;student *next;
};
class operate:public student {private:student*head;student*p;public:operate();void paixu();void shuchuzongfen();void conserve();void input();void maxmin();void duqu();void zongfendanke();void gekepingjunfen();void bukao();void del();void add();void find();void change();
};
operate::operate() { //创建头结点head=new student;head->next=NULL;p=head;
}void operate::input() {p=head;student*q;int temp;cout<<"请输入输入学生人数"<<endl;cin>>temp;for(int i=0; i<temp; i++) {q=new student;cout<<"\n请输入学生信息：\n"<<endl;cout<<"学号："<<endl;cin>>q->num;cout<<"姓名："<<endl;cin>>q->name;cout<<"语文："<<endl;cin>>q->chi;cout<<"数学："<<endl;cin>>q->math;cout<<"英语："<<endl;cin>>q->eng;cout<<"综合："<<endl;cin>>q->syn;q->total=q->chi+q->eng+q->math+q->syn;cout<<"总分："<<q->total<<endl;p->next=q;p=p->next;}q->next=NULL;cout<<"\n******************录入成功*******************\n";cout<<"按任意键继续..."<<endl;system("pause");system("cls");
}void operate::add() {student*q,*s,*p;p=head;s=p->next;q=new student;cout<<"\n请输入学生信息：\n"<<endl;cout<<"学号："<<endl;cin>>q->num;cout<<"姓名："<<endl;cin>>q->name;cout<<"语文："<<endl;cin>>q->chi;cout<<"数学："<<endl;cin>>q->math;cout<<"英语："<<endl;cin>>q->eng;cout<<"综合："<<endl;cin>>q->syn;q->total=q->chi+q->eng+q->math+q->syn;cout<<"总分："<<q->total<<endl;p->next=q;q->next=s;cout<<"\n******************添加成功*******************\n";cout<<"按任意键继续..."<<endl;system("pause");system("cls");
}void operate::del() {p=head;student*q;int delnum;cout<<"输入要删除的学生学号"<<endl;cin>>delnum;while(p->next!=NULL) {q=p->next;if(delnum==q->num) {p->next=q->next;delete q;} else {p=p->next;}}cout<<"删除成功"<<endl;system("pause");system("cls");
}void operate::find() {p=head;int findnum;cout<<"请输入查询的学生学号"<<endl;cin>>findnum;while(p->next!=NULL) {if(p->next->num==findnum) {cout<<"姓名："<<p->next->name<<endl;cout<<"学号："<<p->next->num<<endl;cout<<"语文："<<p->next->chi<<endl;cout<<"数学："<<p->next->math<<endl;cout<<"英语："<<p->next->eng<<endl;cout<<"综合："<<p->next->syn<<endl;cout<<"总分："<<p->next->total<<endl;cout<<"排名："<<p->next->paiming<<endl;break;}p=p->next;if(p->next==NULL) {cout<<"查无此人"<<endl;}}system("pause");
}void operate::change() {p=head;int ID;cout<<"请输入要修改的学生学号"<<endl;cin>>ID;while(p->next!=NULL) {if(p->next==NULL) {cout<<"查无此人"<<endl;}if(p->next->num==ID) {cout<<"请输入姓名："<<endl;cin>>p->next->name;cout<<"请输入学号："<<endl;cin>> p->next->num;cout<<"请输入语文成绩："<<endl;cin>>p->next->chi;cout<<"请输入数学成绩："<<endl;cin>>p->next->math;cout<<"请输入英语成绩："<<endl;cin>>p->next->eng;cout<<"请输入综合成绩："<<endl;cin>>p->next->syn;p->next->total =p->next->math +p->next->eng +p->next->chi+p->next->syn;cout<<"总成绩："<<p->next->total<<endl;}p=p->next;}cout<<"修改学生信息完毕"<<endl;system("pause");system("CLS");
}void operate::paixu() {student *q;p=head;int n=0;int a;char b[20];int i,j;while(p->next) {p=p->next ;n++;p->paiming=n;}for(i=0; i<n-1; i++) {q=head->next;p=q->next;for(j=0; j<n-i-1; j++) {if(p->total>q->total ) {a=q->num ;q->num =p->num ;p->num =a;a=q->chi;q->chi=p->chi;p->chi=a;a=q->math ;q->math =p->math ;p->math =a;a=q->eng ;q->eng =p->eng ;p->eng =a;a=q->syn;q->syn =p->syn ;p->syn=a;a=q->total;q->total =p->total ;p->total =a;strcpy(b,q->name);strcpy(q->name ,p->name );strcpy(p->name,b);}p=p->next;q=q->next;}}
}void operate::shuchuzongfen() {p=head;student*q=p->next;int n=0;cout<<"排名"<<"\t"<<"学号"<<"\t"<<"姓名"<<"\t"<<"语文"<<"\t"<<"数学"<<"\t"<<"英语"<<"\t"<<"综合"<<"\t"<<"总分"<<endl;while(q!=NULL) {cout<<q->paiming<<"\t"<<q->num<<"\t"<<q->name<<"\t"<<q->chi<<"\t"<<q->math<<"\t"<<q->eng<<"\t"<<q->syn<<"\t"<<q->total<<endl;q=q->next;}cout<<"输出完毕"<<endl;system("pause");system("cls");
}void operate::conserve() {p=head;ofstream outfile; // 定义输出文件流 outfileoutfile.open("学生信息.txt",ios::out|ios::app);while(p->next!=NULL) {outfile<<"学号:"<<p->next->num<<" ";outfile<<"姓名:"<<p->next->name<<" ";outfile<<"语文:"<<p->next->chi<<" ";outfile<<"英语:"<<p->next->eng<<" ";outfile<<"数学:"<<p->next->math<<" ";outfile<<"综合:"<<p->next->syn<<" ";outfile<<"总分:"<<p->next->total<<" ";outfile<<"排名:"<<p->next->paiming<<" ";outfile<<"\n";p=p->next;}outfile.close();cout<<"保存学生信息成功"<<endl;system("pause");system("cls");}void operate::maxmin() {p=head;cout<<"分数最高的学生："<<p->next->name<<endl;while(p->next!=NULL) {p=p->next;}cout<<"分数最低的学生："<<p->name<<endl;cout<<"输出完毕"<<endl;system("pause");system("cls");
}void operate::duqu() {ifstream infile;infile.open("学生信息.txt",ios::in);p=head;cout<<"排名"<<"\t"<<"学号"<<"\t"<<"姓名"<<"\t"<<"语文"<<"\t"<<"数学"<<"\t"<<"英语"<<"\t"<<"综合"<<"\t"<<"总分"<<endl;while(p->next!=NULL) {cout<<p->next->paiming<<"\t"<<p->next->num<<"\t"<<p->next->name<<"\t"<<p->next->chi<<"\t"<<p->next->math<<"\t"<<p->next->eng<<"\t"<<p->next->syn<<"\t"<<p->next->total<<endl;p=p->next;}infile.close();cout<<"输出完毕"<<endl;system("pause");system("cls");
}void operate::zongfendanke() {p=head->next;while(p!=NULL) {if(p->total>=340&&p->chi>=80&&p->math>=80&&p->eng>=80&&p->syn>=80) {cout<<"总分在340分，单科成绩不低于80分的学生:"<<p->name<<endl;}p=p->next;}cout<<"输出完毕"<<endl;system("pause");system("cls");
}void operate::gekepingjunfen() {p=head;int n=0;float a=0,b=0,c=0,d=0;float e,f,g,h;while(p!=NULL) {n++;a=p->chi+a;b=p->math+b;c=p->eng+c;d=p->syn+d;p=p->next;}e=a/(n-1);f=b/(n-1);g=c/(n-1);h=d/(n-1);cout<<"语文平均分："<<e<<endl;cout<<"数学平均分："<<f<<endl;cout<<"英语平均分："<<g<<endl;cout<<"综合平均分: "<<h<<endl;cout<<"输出完毕"<<endl;system("pause");system("cls");
}void operate::bukao() {p=head->next;ofstream outfile; // 定义输出文件流 outfileoutfile.open("补考名单.txt",ios::out|ios::app);while(p!=NULL) {if(p->chi<60&&p->math<60&&p->eng<60&&p->syn<60) {cout<<"补考学生名单:"<<p->name<<endl;outfile<<"姓名："<<p->name<<"\n";}p=p->next;}outfile.close();cout<<"输出完毕，已存入文件"<<endl;system("pause");system("cls");
}int menu() {cout<<" ********************************** \n"<<endl;cout<<" ***********目录************\n"<<endl;cout<<" 输入学生信息：1\n"<<endl;cout<<" 增加学生信息：2\n"<<endl;cout<<" 删除学生信息：3\n"<<endl;cout<<" 查询学生信息：4\n"<<endl;cout<<" 修改学生信息：5\n"<<endl;cout<<" 保存学生信息：6\n"<<endl;cout<<" 读取学生信息：7\n"<<endl;cout<<" 输出总分最高及最低学生：8\n"<<endl;cout<<"总分在340分，单科成绩不低于80分学生名单：9\n"<<endl;cout<<" 求出各科平均分数：10\n"<<endl;cout<<" 按总分排名：11\n"<<endl;cout<<" 输出补考名单并存入文件：12\n"<<endl;cout<<" 退出程序：13\n"<<endl;cout<<" ********************************** \n"<<endl;
}int main() {system("color f5");int m;operate x;while(1) {menu();cin>>m;switch(m) {case 1:x.input();break;case 2:x.add();break;case 3:x.del();break;case 4:x.paixu();x.find();break;case 5:x.change();break;case 6:x.paixu();x.conserve();break;case 7:x.duqu();break;case 8:x.paixu();x.maxmin();break;case 9:x.zongfendanke();break;case 10:x.gekepingjunfen();break;case 11:x.paixu();x.shuchuzongfen();break;case 12:x.bukao();break;case 13:cout<<"欢迎下次使用"<<endl;return 0;break;}}}
9) 案例九
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<iomanip>
#include<cstring>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<windows.h>
#include<conio.h>
using namespace std;
int n=0;
char stop[12]= {"0"};
char name[12];
class Student {public:int id; char name[12];char sex[3];char major[20];char addr[30];char year[5];char month[3];char day[3];int engli;char remark[100];Student *next;
};class Utils{public:virtual Student *add(Student *head)=0;virtual Student *delet(Student *head)=0;virtual void *search(Student *head)=0;virtual Student *modify(Student *head)=0;
};class information : public Utils {private:Student *head,*p1,*p2,*p3;public:information(){};Student *creat();Student *add(Student *head);Student *delet(Student *head);void *search(Student *head);Student *modify(Student *head);Student *sort(Student*head);Student *statistics(Student*head);void display(Student *head);void displaynode(Student *head);void write_file(Student *head);Student * read_file();~information () {};
};class manage {public:char menu_manager();char menu_user();int choose_manager();int choose_user(Student *head);
};
information s;
Student *information::creat() {p1=p2=new Student;head=NULL;char sex1[3];char sex2[3];strcpy(sex1, "男");strcpy(sex2, "女");cout<<"请输入学生的基本信息：以姓名为0结束。\n";while(1) {cout<<"姓名: \t";cin>>p1->name;if( strcmp(stop,p1->name)==0 ) {break;}cout<<"学号: \t";cin>>p1->id;cout<<"性别: \t";cin>>p1->sex;while(strcmp(sex1,p1->sex)!=0 &&strcmp(sex2,p1->sex)!=0 ) {cout<<"请输入格式 男/女，请重新输入！"<<endl;cout<<"性别: \t";cin>>p1->sex;}cout<<"专业: \t";cin>>p1->major;cout<<"家庭住址: \t";cin>>p1->addr;cout<<"出生年:";cin>>p1->year;cout<<"出生月:";cin>> p1->month;cout<<"出生日:";cin>>p1->day;cout<<"英语:";cin>>p1->engli;while(p1->engli<0 || p1->engli>100) {cout<<"英语成绩必须在0-100之间，请重新输入！"<<endl;cout<<"英语:";cin>>p1->engli;}cout<<"备注:";cin>>p1->remark;system("cls");n=n+1;if(n==1)head=p1;elsep2->next=p1;p2=p1;p1=new Student;}p2->next=NULL;return head;
}
Student *information::statistics(Student*head) {p1=new Student;p1=head;int x=0,y=0;char sex1[3];char sex2[3];strcpy(sex1, "男");strcpy(sex2, "女");for(p1=head; p1!=NULL; p1=p1->next) {if(strcmp(sex1,p1->sex)==0 ) {x=x+1;}if(strcmp(sex2,p1->sex)==0) {y=y+1;}}cout<<"男: "<<x<<endl;cout<<"女: "<<y<<endl;return head;
}Student *information::add(Student *head) {p1=p3=new Student;p1=head;char sex1[3];char sex2[3];strcpy(sex1, "男");strcpy(sex2, "女");if(p1==NULL) {cout<<"在添加前，先新建!"<<endl;return 0;} else {cout<<"请输入要添加学生的信息！\n";cout<<"姓名: \t";cin>>p3->name;cout<<"学号: \t";cin>>p3->id;cout<<"性别: \t";cin>>p3->sex;while(strcmp(sex1,p3->sex)!=0 &&strcmp(sex2,p3->sex)!=0 ) {cout<<"请输入格式 男/女，请重新输入！"<<endl;cout<<"性别: \t";cin>>p3->sex;}cout<<"专业: \t";cin>>p3->major;cout<<"家庭住址: \t";cin>>p3->addr;cout<<"出生年:";cin>>p3->year;cout<<"出生月:";cin>> p3->month;cout<<"出生日:";cin>>p3->day;cout<<"英语:";cin>>p3->engli;while(p3->engli<0 || p3->engli>100) {cout<<"英语成绩必须在0-100之间，请重新输入！"<<endl;cout<<"英语:";cin>>p3->engli;}cout<<"备注:";cin>>p3->remark;cout<<"\n";p3->next=p1->next;p1->next=p3;cout<<"添加成功!\n";}return head;
}Student *information::delet(Student *head) {p2=p1=new Student;if(head==NULL) {cout<<"没有数据，无法删除";return 0;}cout<<"请输入要删除学生的名字：\n";cin>>name;p2=p1=head;int j=0;if( ( strcmp(name,head->name)==0 ) && (head!=NULL)) {head=head->next;free(p1);j=1;} else {p1=head->next;while(p1!=NULL) {if(strcmp(name,p1->name)==0) {p2->next=p1->next;free(p1);j=1;break;} else {p2=p1;p1=p2->next;}}}if(j==0)cout<<"此学生不存在，删除失败!\n";elsecout<<"删除成功!\n";return head;
}void *information::search(Student *head) {char name[20];p1=new Student;cout<<"请输入要查找学生的姓名：\n";cin>>name;p1=head;for(p1=head; p1!=NULL; p1=p1->next) {if(strcmp(name,p1->name)==0 ) {cout<<"学号:"<<p1->id<<endl;cout<<"姓名:"<<p1->name<<endl;cout<<"性别:"<<p1->sex<<endl;cout<<"专业:"<<p1->major<<endl;cout<<"家庭住址:"<<p1->addr<<endl;cout<<"出生日期:"<<p1->year<<"年"<<p1->month<<"月"<<p1->day<<"日出生"<<endl;cout<<"英语成绩:"<<p1->engli<<endl;cout<<"备注:"<<p1->remark<<endl;}}return head;
}Student *information::modify(Student *head) {if(head==NULL) {cout<<"没有数据，请新建数据!";return 0;}char name1[12];char sex[3];char major[20];char addr[30];char year[5];char month[3];char day[3];int engli;char remark[100];p1=new Student;int j=0;p1=head;cout<<"请输入你要更改学生的姓名:\n";cin>>name;if(strcmp( name, head->name)==0) {cout<<"显示要修改学生的信息:\n";s.displaynode(p1);cout<<"请输入要更改学生的信息：\n";cout<<"姓名: \t";cin>>name1;cout<<"性别: \t";cin>>sex;cout<<"专业: \t";cin>>major;cout<<"家庭住址: \t";cin>>addr;cout<<"出生年:";cin>>year;cout<<"出生月:";cin>>month;cout<<"出生日:";cin>>day;cout<<"英语:";cin>>engli;cout<<"备注:";cin>>remark;strcpy(head->name,name1);strcpy(head->sex,sex);strcpy(head->major,major);strcpy(head->addr,addr);strcpy(head->year,year);strcpy(head->month,month);strcpy(head->day,day);head->engli=engli;strcpy(head->remark,remark);j=1;} else {p1=head->next;while(p1!=NULL) {if(strcmp(p1->name,name)==0)cout<<"显示要修改学生的信息:\n";s.displaynode(p1);cout<<"请输入要更改学生的信息：\n";cout<<"姓名: \t";cin>>name1;cout<<"性别: \t";cin>>sex;cout<<"专业: \t";cin>>major;cout<<"家庭住址: \t";cin>>addr;cout<<"出生年:";cin>>year;cout<<"出生月:";cin>>month;cout<<"出生日:";cin>>day;cout<<"英语:";cin>>engli;cout<<"备注:";cin>>remark;strcpy(p1->name,name1);strcpy(p1->sex,sex);strcpy(p1->major,major);strcpy(p1->addr,addr);strcpy(head->year,year);strcpy(head->month,month);strcpy(head->day,day);p1->engli=engli;strcpy(head->remark,remark);j=1;break;}}if(j==0)cout<<"没有找到你要更改的学生，更改失败！\n";elsecout<<"更改成功!\n";return head;
}void information::display(Student *head) {p1=head;if(p1==NULL)cout<<"没有学生信息，请先输入学生信息。"<<endl;else {while(p1!=NULL) {s.displaynode(p1);p1=p1->next;}}
}
void information::displaynode(Student *head) {p1=head;if(p1==NULL)cout<<"这是一个空表！请先输入学生信息。"<<endl;else {cout<<"学号:"<<p1->id<<endl;cout<<"姓名:"<<p1->name<<endl;cout<<"性别:"<<p1->sex<<endl;cout<<"专业:"<<p1->major<<endl;cout<<"家庭住址:"<<p1->addr<<endl;cout<<"生日: "<<p1->year<<"年";cout<<p1->month<<"月"<<p1->day<<"日"<<endl;cout<<"英语成绩:"<<p1->engli<<endl;cout<<"备注:"<<p1->remark<<endl;}
}Student *information::read_file() {int i=0;int id;char name2[12];char major[20];char sex[3];char addr[30];char year[5];char month[3];char day[3];int engli;char remark[100];p1=p2=new Student;head=NULL;ifstream in;in.open("E:\\新生管理系统.txt");if(!in) {cout<<"打开文件失败！"<<endl;} else {while(!in.eof()) {in>>id>>name2>>sex>>major>>addr>>year>>month>>day>>engli>>remark;//判断是否到文件的末尾if(in.fail()){break;}p1->id=id;strcpy(p1->name,name2);strcpy(p1->sex,sex);strcpy(p1->major,major);strcpy(p1->addr,addr);strcpy(p1->year,year);strcpy(p1->month,month);strcpy(p1->day,day);p1->engli=engli;strcpy(p1->remark,remark);i++;if(i==1) {head=p2=p1;} else {p2->next=p1;}p2=p1;p1=new Student;p1->next=NULL;}cout<<"成功读取文件！内容如下："<<endl;}return head;
}void information::write_file(Student *head) {ofstream out;out.open("E:\\新生管理系统.txt");if(!out) {cout<<"打开文件失败！"<<endl;}p1=NULL;p1=head;while(p1) {out<<p1->id<<" "<<p1->name<<" "<<p1->sex<<" "<<p1->major<<" "<<p1->addr<<" "<<p1->year<<" "<<p1->month<<" "<<p1->day<<" "<<p1->engli<<" "<<p1->remark<<endl;p1=p1->next;}out.close();cout<<"写入完毕。";
}Student *information::sort(Student *head) {Student *p,*q,*small;int id;char name[12];char sex[3];char major[20];char addr[30];char year[5];char month[3];char day[3];int engli;char remark[100];p=head;for(; p->next!=NULL; p=p->next) {small=p;for(q=p->next; q; q=q->next) {if(q->engli<small->engli) {small=q;}}if(small!= p) {id=p->id;p->id=small->id;small->id=id; engli=p->engli;p->engli=small->engli;small->engli=engli;strcpy(name,p->name);strcpy(p->name,small->name);strcpy(small->name,name);strcpy(major,p->major);strcpy(p->major,small->major);strcpy(small->major,major);strcpy(year,p->year);strcpy(p->year,small->year);strcpy(small->year,year);strcpy(month,p->month);strcpy(p->month,small->month);strcpy(small->month,month);strcpy(day,p->day);strcpy(p->day,small->day);strcpy(small->day,day);strcpy(addr,p->addr);strcpy(p->addr,small->addr);strcpy(small->addr,addr);strcpy(sex,p->sex);strcpy(p->sex,small->sex);strcpy(small->sex,sex);strcpy(remark,p->remark);strcpy(p->remark,small->remark);strcpy(small->remark,remark);}}return head;
}
char manage::menu_manager() {char ch;cout<<endl;cout<<endl;cout<<" "<<endl;cout<<" "<<endl;cout<<" *****************新生管理系统**************** "<<endl;cout<<" * 1.新增学生信息 * "<<endl;cout<<" * 2.插入学生信息 * "<<endl;cout<<" * 3.删除学生信息 * "<<endl;cout<<" * 4.查找学生信息 * "<<endl;cout<<" * 5.修改学生信息 * "<<endl;cout<<" * 6.按照英语成绩排序 * "<<endl;cout<<" * 7.统计男/女人数 * "<<endl;cout<<" * 8.读取学生信息 * "<<endl;cout<<" * 9.保存信息退出 * "<<endl;cout<<" * 0.退出 * "<<endl;cout<<" *********************************************"<<endl;cout<<"请根据需要选择序号:"<<endl;cin>>ch;return ch;
}char manage::menu_user() {char ch;cout<<endl;cout<<endl;cout<<" "<<endl;cout<<" "<<endl;cout<<" *****************新生管理系统**************** "<<endl;cout<<" * 1.查找学生信息 * "<<endl;cout<<" * 2.按照英语成绩排序 * "<<endl;cout<<" * 3.统计男/女人数 * "<<endl;cout<<" * 4.查询所有学生信息 * "<<endl;cout<<" * 0.退出 * "<<endl;cout<<" *********************************************"<<endl;cout<<"请根据需要选择序号:"<<endl;cin>>ch;return ch;
}
int manage::choose_manager() {manage m;information s;Student *head;head=NULL;int n=0;char c;while(1)switch (m.menu_manager()) {case'1':head=s.creat();system("pause");system("cls");break;case'2':head=s.add(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case'3':head=s.delet(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case'4':s.search(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case'5':head=s.modify(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case'6':s.sort(head);s.display(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case'7':s.statistics(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case'8':head=s.read_file();s.display(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case'9':s.write_file(head);cout<<"谢谢使用！\n";system("pause");system("cls");return 0;case'0':cout<<"谢谢使用！\n";system("pause");system("cls");exit(0);default:cout<<"选择有错，请重新选择\n";}
}int manage::choose_user(Student *p) {manage m;information s;Student *head=p;int n=0;char c;while(1)switch (m.menu_user()) {case'1':s.search(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case'2':s.sort(head);s.display(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case'3':s.statistics(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case'4':s.display(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case'0':cout<<"谢谢使用！\n";system("pause");system("cls");exit(0);default:cout<<"选择有错，请重新选择\n";}
}//简易版等待动画
void Wait()
{int i = 0,k = 3;Sleep(1000);for (i = 0; i < 3;) {system("cls");cout << k-- << endl;i++;Sleep(1000);}
}//升级版等待动画
void Wait1()
{Sleep(600);system("cls");int i,k,count;long int a,b;i=k=count=0;while(!kbhit()){if(count==3){break;}if(k==0){printf("Please wait");}a=b=0;for(a=0;a<6000;a++)for(b=0;b<6000;b++);printf(".");a=b=0;for(a=0;a<6000;a++)for(b=0;b<6000;b++);k++;if(k==6){k=0;count++;system("cls");}}
}int login(){int i;cout<<" *-------------------------------------------------------*"<<endl;cout<<" * 欢迎使用新生报到管理系统 *"<<endl;cout<<" * ------------------------- *"<<endl; cout<<" * 1.管理员 *"<<endl;cout<<" * 2.普通用户 *"<<endl; cout<<" * *"<<endl;cout<<" * ------------------------------------------------------* "<<endl;cout << "请选择登录身份：";cin >> i; return i;
}int main () {system("color 7C");int i;char ch;char str[20];char password[9]= {"123456"};information f;Student *head;while(1){system("cls");int choose = login();if(choose == 1){while(1) {i=0;system("cls");cout<<"输入密码：";ch=getch() ;while(ch!=13) {if(ch==8&&i>0) {i--;str[i]='\0';system("cls");//清屏 重新输出*cout<<"输入密码：";for(int j=0; j<i; j++) {cout<<"*";}ch=getch();} else {printf("*");str[i]=ch;i++;ch=getch();}}str[i]='\0';if(!strcmp(str,password)) {system("cls");cout<<"正确";break;} else {cout<<"\n密码错误!!";getch();system("cls");}}Wait1();system("cls");system("color 7d");manage m;m.choose_manager();}else if(choose == 2){head=f.read_file();Wait();system("cls");system("color 7d");manage m;m.choose_user(head);}else{cout << "输入错误，请重新输入" << endl;system("pause");}}return 0;
}10）案例十
#include<iostream>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<fstream>
#include<windows.h>
using namespace std;
class student
{public:void scanf_student();void print_student();student *next;char name[20]; char sex[10]; int year; int month; int day; char major[20]; char grade; char address[30]; long long int number; float chinese_score; float math_score; float English_score; void save_file(student *head);void look_file(student *head);
};void student::scanf_student()
{cout<<"\n\n";cout<<" 请输入学生姓名：";cin>>name;cout<<" 请输入学生性别：";cin>>sex; cout<<" 请输入学生专业：";cin>>major;cout<<" 请输入学生班级：";cin>>grade;cout<<" 请输入学生家庭地址：";cin>>address;cout<<" 请输入学生家庭电话：";cin>>number;cout<<" 请输入学生入学语文成绩；";cin>>chinese_score;cout<<" 请输入学生入学数学成绩；";cin>>math_score;cout<<" 请输入学生入学英语成绩；";cin>>English_score;} void student::print_student()
{cout<<"\n\n";cout<<" 学生姓名："<<name<<endl;cout<<"\n";cout<<" 学生性别："<<sex<<endl;cout<<"\n";cout<<" 学生专业："<<major<<endl;cout<<"\n";cout<<" 学生班级："<<grade<<endl;cout<<"\n";cout<<" 学生家庭地址："<<address<<endl;cout<<"\n";cout<<" 学生家庭电话："<<number<<endl;cout<<"\n";cout<<" 学生入学语文成绩："<<chinese_score<<endl; cout<<"\n";cout<<" 学生入学数学成绩："<<math_score<<endl;cout<<"\n";cout<<" 学生入学英语成绩："<<English_score<<endl;cout<<"\n\n";
}void student::save_file(student *head)
{student *p;p=head->next;ofstream ofile("入学新生信息.txt",ios::out);while(p!=NULL){ofile<<p->name<<'\t'<<p->sex<<'\t'<<p->major<<'\t'<<p->grade<<'\t'<<p->address<<'\t'<<p->number<<'\t'<<p->chinese_score<<'\t'<<p->math_score<<'\t'<<p->English_score<<'\n';p=p->next;}ofile.close();cout<<"\n\n保存成功！\n\n"; } void student::look_file(student *head)
{student *p1,*p2;p1=p2=head;ifstream ifile("入学新生信息.txt");if(!ifile){cout<<"\n打开失败！"<<endl;exit(0);}while(!ifile.eof()){p1=new student;if(p1==NULL){cout<<"\n创建失败！"<<endl;exit(0); }ifile>>p1->name>>p1->sex>>p1->major>>p1->grade>>p1->address>>p1->number>>p1->chinese_score>>p1->math_score>>p1->English_score;p2->next=p1;p2=p1;}ifile.close();p2->next=NULL;cout<<"\n\n文件已打开！\n\n";
}class function:public student
{public:void creat(student *head);void show(student *head);void amend(student *head);void search(student *head);void add(student *head);void delet(student *head);void sort(student *head);void count(student *head);
};void function::creat(student *head)
{student *p1,*p2;p1=p2=head;int z,i;cout<<"\n请输入要输入新生的人数：";cin>>z;system("CLS"); for(i=0;i<z;i++){p1=new student;if(p1==NULL){cout<<"\n输入新生信息失败,请重新输入!\n\n";system("CLS");function school;school.creat(head);}cout<<"\n*** 第"<<i+1<<"个新生 ***";p1->scanf_student();p2->next=p1;p2=p1;}p2->next=NULL;system("CLS");cout<<"\n\n新生信息录入完毕！\n\n";
} void function::show(student *head)
{student *p=head->next;int a=1;if(p==NULL){cout<<"\n\n没有新生信息！\n"<<endl;}while(p!=NULL){cout<<"\n*** 第"<<a<<"名新生 ***"; p->print_student();p=p->next;a++;}
}
void function::amend(student *head)
{student *p;p=head->next;char name[10],a[10]=" ";cout<<"\n请输入要修改学生的姓名：";cin>>name;while(p!=NULL){if(strcmp(p->name,name)==0){strcpy(a,name);break;}p=p->next;}if(strcmp(a," ")==0){system("CLS");cout<<"\n无该学生信息!"<<endl;function school;school.amend(head);return;}p->print_student();cout<<"修改为："<<endl;p->scanf_student();system("CLS");cout<<"\n\n修改成功！\n\n";} void function::search(student *head)
{int c;char major[10],name[10],a[10]=" ";student *p=head->next;cout<<"\n*请输入查找学生的姓名：";cin>>name;system("CLS");while(p!=NULL){if(strcmp(p->name,name)==0){strcpy(a,name);cout<<"\n—— 学生信息 —— "<<endl;p->print_student();}p=p->next;}if(strcmp(a," ")==0){system("CLS");cout<<"\n无该学生信息!"<<endl;function school;school.search(head);}
}void function::add(student *head)
{int i,n;cout<<"\n请输入要输入学生的人数：";cin>>n;for(i=0;i<n;i++){student *p=head,*p1;while(p->next!=NULL){p=p->next;}p1=new student;cout<<"\n请输入第"<<i+1<<"个新生信息："<<endl;p1->scanf_student();p1->next=NULL;p->next=p1;}system("CLS");cout<<"\n\n添加成功！\n\n";
}void function::delet(student *head)
{student *p,*q;p=head;char name[10],a[10]=" ";cout<<"\n请输入要删除新生的姓名：";cin>>name;while(p->next!=NULL){if(strcmp(p->next->name,name)==0){strcpy(a,name);break;}p=p->next;}if(strcmp(a," ")==0){system("CLS");cout<<"\n没有这个新生的信息，请重新输入！\n";function school;school.delet(head);return;} q=p->next;p->next=q->next;system("CLS");cout<<"\n\n删除成功！\n\n" ;
}void function::sort(student *head)
{student *p,*q;p=head;int sum=-1;while(p!=NULL) {sum++;p=p->next;}int i,j;float a;char k[50];for(i=0;i<sum;i++){p=head->next;q=p->next;for(j=0;j<sum-1;j++){if(p->English_score<p->next->English_score){a=p->next->chinese_score;p->next->chinese_score=p->chinese_score;p->chinese_score=a;a=p->next->math_score;p->next->math_score=p->math_score;p->math_score=a;a=p->next->English_score;p->next->English_score=p->English_score;p->English_score=a;strcpy(k,p->next->name);strcpy(p->next->name,p->name);strcpy(p->name,k);strcpy(k,p->next->sex);strcpy(p->next->sex,p->sex);strcpy(p->sex,k);strcpy(k,p->next->major);strcpy(p->next->major,p->major);strcpy(p->major,k);a=p->next->grade;p->next->grade=p->grade;p->grade=a; strcpy(k,p->next->address);strcpy(p->next->address,p->address);strcpy(p->address,k); a=p->next->number;p->next->number=p->number;p->number=a;}p=p->next;} }system("CLS");cout<<"\n共"<<sum<<"个新生!"<<endl;cout<<"\n按英语入学成绩排序：\n" ;int r=1;q=head->next;while(q!=NULL){cout<<"\n*** 第"<<r<<"名 ***"; q->print_student();q=q->next;r++;}
} void function::count(student *head)
{system("CLS");student *p; p=head->next;cout<<"\n —— 男生 ——\n"; cout<<"\n**************************\n\n";while(p!=NULL){if(strcmp(p->sex,"男")==0){cout<<" 男生姓名如下： ";cout<<p->name<<endl; cout<<"\n";} p=p->next; }cout<<"**************************"<<endl;p=head->next;cout<<"\n\n\n —— 女生 ——\n"; cout<<"\n**************************\n\n";while(p!=NULL){if(strcmp(p->sex,"女")==0){cout<<" 女生姓名如下： ";cout<<p->name<<endl; cout<<"\n";}p=p->next; }cout<<"**************************\n\n\n\n"<<endl;
} int main()
{int a;cout<<"\n\n\t\t";system("color 1");cout<<"欢";Sleep(60);system("color 2");cout<<"迎";Sleep(60);system("color 3");cout<<"使";Sleep(60);system("color 4");cout<<"用";Sleep(60);system("color 5");cout<<"学";Sleep(60);system("color 6");cout<<"生";Sleep(60);system("color 7");cout<<"成";Sleep(60);system("color 8");cout<<"绩";Sleep(60);system("color 1");cout<<"管";Sleep(60);system("color 2");cout<<"理";Sleep(60);system("color 3");cout<<"系";Sleep(60);system("color 8");cout<<"统\n";Sleep(60);system("color f4");student *head;head=new student;if(head==NULL){cout<<"\n\n 开辟失败！\n"<<endl;exit(0);} function school;while(1){cout<<"\n";cout<<"==========================================================\n";cout<<"= 1 . 录入学生信息 =\n";cout<<"= 2 . 添加学生信息 =\n";cout<<"= 3 . 显示学生信息 =\n";cout<<"= 4 . 搜索学生信息 =\n";cout<<"= 5 . 修改学生信息 =\n";cout<<"= 6 . 删除学生信息 =\n";cout<<"= 7 . 统计学生信息 =\n";cout<<"= 8 . 英语成绩排序 =\n";cout<<"= 9 . 保存学生信息 =\n";cout<<"= 10. 打开学生文件 =\n";cout<<"= 0 . 退出信息系统 =\n";cout<<"==========================================================\n";cout<<"\n*** 请选择：";scanf("%d",&a);switch(a){case 1:system("CLS");school.creat(head);break;case 2:system("CLS");school.add(head);break;case 3:system("CLS");school.show(head);break;case 4:system("CLS");school.search(head);break;case 5:system("CLS");school.amend(head);break;case 6:system("CLS");school.delet(head);break;case 7:system("CLS");school.count(head);break;case 8:system("CLS");school.sort(head);break; case 9:system("CLS");school.save_file(head);break;case 10:system("CLS");school.look_file(head);break;case 0:system("CLS");cout<<"\n"; cout<<"=============================================================\n";cout<<"|| ||\n";cout<<"|| ||\n";cout<<"|| 再见！ ||\n";cout<<"|| ||\n";cout<<"|| ||\n";cout<<"=============================================================\n";exit(0);default:system("CLS");cout<<"输入有误！"<<endl; }}return 0;}
11）案例十一
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>//vector容器的头文件
#include<fstream>//使用文件的头文件
#include<iomanip>
#include<windows.h>
using namespace std;
class Human {public:string hight;string weight;void Action() {cout<<"laugh"<<endl;cout<<"cry"<<endl;cout<<"learn"<<endl;}
};
class Student:public Human { //学生类public://数据成员string number;//string为字符串类型string name;string math,english,computer;//函数成员Student(string nu="0",string na="0",string ma="0",string en="0",string co="0");void setstudent(string Nu,string Na,string Ma,string en,string co);void setmath(string ma) {math=ma;}void setenglish(string en) {english=en;}void setcomputer(string eo) {computer=eo;}bool searchByNum(string num) { //bool类型函数返回值（返回ture或者false）return number==num;}bool searchByName(string num) {return name==num;}bool search(string num) {return number==num;}void display();
};Student::Student(string nu,string na,string ma,string en,string co) { //number=nu;name=na;math=ma;english=en;computer=co;
}void Student::setstudent(string Nu,string Na,string Ma,string En,string Co) {number=Nu;name=Na;math=Ma;english=En;computer=Co;
}void Student::display() { //打印学生信息cout<<number<<setw(8)<<name<<setw(6)<<math<<setw(8)<<english<<setw(8)<<computer<<endl;
}class Order { //操作函数分为一个类protected:vector<Student>stu;public:Order() {}void Add(Student&s);void IdAdd(Student&i);void Delete();void DeleteAll();void Seek();void Alter(string ma,string en,string co);void Store();void Load();void Play();void Begin();void Exit();void Sort();void test();};void Order::Add(Student&s) { //添加学生的函数cout<<"请输入需要添加的学号：";cin>>s.number;for(int i=0; i<stu.size(); ++i)if(stu[i].search(s.number)) {cout<<"该学号学生信息已存在！";return;}cout<<"姓名:";cin>>s.name;cout<<"数学成绩:";cin>>s.math;cout<<"英语成绩:";cin>>s.english;cout<<"计算机成绩:";cin>>s.computer;stu.push_back(s);s.display();
}void Order::Delete() { //删除学生的函数string num;cout<<"输入您需要删除的学生的学号";cin>>num;for(int j=0; j<stu.size(); j++) {if(stu[j].search(num))stu.erase(stu.begin()+j);}cout<<num<<"学生信息已删除"<<endl;Store();
}void Order::DeleteAll() { //清除学生数据stu.erase(stu.begin(),stu.end());cout<<"清除成功"<<endl;Store();
}void Order::Seek() { //查找学生的函数string nu;cout<<"\t\t\t******************************************************************************"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t****** 1.通过学号查找学生 *****"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t****** 2.通过姓名查找学生 *****"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t******************************************************************************"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t请输入选项："<<endl;int a;cin>>a;switch(a) {case 1:cout<<"请输入您需要查询的学生的学号"<<endl;cin>>nu;for(int j=0; j<stu.size(); j++) {if(stu[j].searchByNum(nu)) {cout<<"找到学号为"<<nu<<"的学生,内容是:"<<endl;stu[j].display();}}break;case 2:cout<<"请输入您需要查询的学生的姓名"<<endl;cin>>nu;for(int j=0; j<stu.size(); j++) {if(stu[j].searchByName(nu)) {cout<<"找到姓名为"<<nu<<"的学生,内容是:"<<endl;stu[j].display();}}break;cout<<"没有您要找的学生信息！"<<endl;}
}void Order::Alter(string ma,string en,string co) { //修改学生的函数string nu;cout<<"请输入您所需要修改成绩的学生学号：";cin>>nu;for(int j=0; j<stu.size(); j++) {if(stu[j].search(nu)) {cout<<"请您依次输入需要修改的数学，英语，计算机成绩："<<endl;cin>>ma>>en>>co;stu[j].math=ma;stu[j].english=en;stu[j].computer=co;cout<<"修改后的学生信息为："<<endl;stu[j].display();}}
}void Order::Store() { //存储学生信息进入文件中ofstream outfile("student.txt");if(!outfile.is_open()) { //检查文件是否打开成功cout<<"没有数据文件！\n\n";return;}for(int i=0; i<stu.size(); i++) {outfile<<stu[i].number<<" "<<stu[i].name<<" "<<stu[i].math<<" "<<stu[i].english<<" "<<stu[i].computer<<endl;}outfile.close();
}void Order::Sort() { //给学生信息排序cout<<"\t\t\t******************************************************************************"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t****** 1.通过英语成绩给学生排序（升序） *****"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t****** 2.通过学号给学生排序（升序） *****"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t******************************************************************************"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t\t\t请选择给学生排序的方法："<<endl;int a;cin>>a;Student temp;Student remp;Order m;int i,j,swap,g;switch(a) {case 1:for(i=0; i<stu.size()-1; ++i) {swap=0;for(j=0; j<stu.size()-i-1; ++j)if(stu[j].english>stu[j+1].english) {swap=1;temp=stu[j];stu[j]=stu[j+1];stu[j+1]=temp;}if(!swap)break;}m.Store();cout<<"学号"<<setw(6)<<"姓名"<<setw(6)<<"数学"<<setw(6)<<"英语"<<setw(8)<<"计算机"<<endl;for(int i=0; i<stu.size(); i++)stu[i].display();break;case 2:for(g=0; g<stu.size()-1; ++g) {swap=0;for(j=0; j<stu.size()-g-1; ++j)if(stu[j].number>stu[j+1].number) {swap=1;temp=stu[j];stu[j]=stu[j+1];stu[j+1]=temp;}if(!swap)break;}m.Store();cout<<"学号"<<setw(6)<<"姓名"<<setw(6)<<"数学"<<setw(6)<<"英语"<<setw(8)<<"计算机"<<endl;for(int g=0; g<stu.size(); g++)stu[g].display();break;}
}void Order::Load() { //从文件中读取学生信息ifstream infile("student.txt");if(!infile.is_open()) {//检测文件是否成功打开cout<<"没有数据文件！\n\n";return;}string na,nu,ma,en,co;while(infile>>nu>>na>>ma>>en>>co) {Student temp(nu,na,ma,en,co);stu.push_back(temp);}infile.close();
}void Order::Play() { //Play函数,打印学生信息的上标（学号，姓名，数学，英语，计算机）cout<<"学号"<<setw(6)<<"姓名"<<setw(6)<<"数学"<<setw(6)<<"英语"<<setw(8)<<"计算机"<<endl;for(int i=0; i<stu.size(); i++)stu[i].display();}void Order::Begin() {//欢迎界面cout<<"\n\n\t\t\t\t\t"<<endl;system("color 3");cout<<" ";cout<<"欢 ";Sleep(300);cout<<"迎 ";Sleep(300);cout<<"使 ";Sleep(300);cout<<"用 ";cout<<"\n";for(int i=1; i<3; i++) {system("CLS");cout<<"\t\t\t\t\t页面加载中";cout<<".";Sleep(400);cout<<".";Sleep(400);cout<<".";Sleep(400);}
}void Order::Exit() {//退出界面cout<<"\n\n\t\t\t";system("color 3");cout<<"感 ";Sleep(300);cout<<"谢 ";Sleep(300);cout<<"使 ";Sleep(300);cout<<"用 ";cout<<"\n";
}void Order::test() {cout<<stu.size()<<endl;
}
/*
class Id
{public:string id;string password;bool searchId(id==ID);
};class IdOrder
{public:void RecordBegin();void Record();void IdGreat(Id&m);void Idstore();void IdLoad();vector<Id>ids;
};
void RecordBegin()
{ cout<<"\t\t ***************************"<<endl;cout<<"-->登录"; cout<<" 注册";cout<<"\t\t ***************************"<<endl;cout<<"使用'w','s'键进行选择"; for(int i=1;i==1;){system("cls");char order;cin>>order;switch(order){case 'w':cout<<"\t\t ***************************"<<endl;cout<<"-->登录"; cout<<" 注册";cout<<"\t\t ***************************"<<endl;break;case 's':cout<<"\t\t ***************************"<<endl;cout<<" 登录"; cout<<"-->注册";cout<<"\t\t ***************************"<<endl;break;case ' ':i=0;break;}}if(order=='w')Record();elseIdGreat();
}viod Record()
{cout<<"请输入用户名："<<endl; cin>>id;cout<<"请输入密码："<<endl;cin>>password;cin>>password;}void IdOrder::IdGreat(Id&m)
{cout<<"请输入用户名："<<endl; cin>>id;cout<<"请输入密码："<<endl;cin>>password;cout<<"请再输入一次密码："<<endl;cin>>"password1"; for(int i=0; i<ids.size(); ++i)if(ids[i].search(m.id)) {cout<<"该账号已存在！";return;}if(password==password1)cout<<"注册成功"<<endl; ids.push_back(m);
}void IdOrder::Idstore()//存储账号信息进入文件中
{ ofstream outfile("id.txt");if(!outfile.is_open()) { //检查文件是否打开成功cout<<"没有数据文件！\n\n";return;}for(int i=0; i<ids.size(); i++) {outfile<<ids[i].id<<" "<<ids[i].password<<endl;}outfile.close();
}void IdOrder::IdLoad()
{ifstream infile("id.txt");if(!infile.is_open()) {//检测文件是否成功打开cout<<"没有数据文件！\n\n";return;}string na,nu,ma,en,co;while(infile>>id>>password) {Id temp(id,password);ids.push_back(temp);}infile.close();
}
*/
int main() {Student s;//从Student类中声明一个对象Order m;//从Order中声明一个对象m.Load();m.Begin();int way;string ma,en,co;while(1) {system("cls");system("color 3");cout<<"\t\t *******************************************************************************"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t ****** 学生信息管理系统 *****"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t ****** *****"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t ****** 请选择以下指令 *****"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t ****** 1.添加学生信息 *****"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t ****** 2.打印学生信息 *****"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t ****** 3.查找学生信息 *****"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t ****** 4.删除学生信息 *****"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t ****** 5.清除所有信息 *****"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t ****** 6.更改学生信息 *****"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t ****** 7.学生信息排序 *****"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t ****** 0.退出学生系统 *****"<<endl;cout<<"\t\t *******************************************************************************"<<endl;cin>>way;switch(way) { //根据操作调用函数case 1:m.Add(s);break;//添加case 2:m.Play();break;//打印case 3:m.Seek();break;//查找case 4:m.Delete();break;//删除case 5:m.DeleteAll();break;//清除case 6:m.Alter(ma,en,co);break;//更改case 7:m.Sort();break;case 8:m.test();break;case 0:m.Store();Order m;m.Exit();return 0;break;//退出}cout<<"\n\t\t按回车键继续！";getchar();getchar();}return 0;
}
12）案例十二
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <cstring>
#include <windows.h>
#include <time.h>
using namespace std;class STU
{
public: string id; string name; string sex; string major; char adress;int score; int year; int month; int day; STU *next;
};class Student: public STU
{
public: //构造函数 Student() { }//析构函数 ~Student() { } void Register(Student *head); //登录 void Menu(Student *head); //菜单void insert(Student *head); //增加 void del(Student *head); //删除void Search(Student *head); //查询 （根据学号或姓名）void rewrite(Student *head); //修改void Sort(Student *head); //排序 void Statistics(Student *head); //统计 （专业或性别） void Print(Student *head); //输出bool only(Student *head,string id); //查重 void write_File(Student *head); //文件保存 void read_File(Student *head); //文件读取
};void Student::Register(Student *head)
{char a[20],b[20],c[20],d[20];int num;cout<<"*****************************"<<endl;cout<<" 1.注册 *"<<endl;cout<<" 2.登录 *"<<endl;cout<<" 0.退出 *"<<endl;cout<<"*****************************"<<endl;cout<<"请输入你的选择： "<<endl;cin>>num;if(num==1){cout<<"请输入用户名： "<<endl;cin>>a; cout<<"请输入密码： "<<endl;cin>>b;cout<<"注册成功！！！"<<endl;cout<<"即将离开注册页面 请稍候...... "<<endl;Sleep(1000);while(1){system("CLS");cout<<"**********************"<<endl;cout<<"* 1.登录 *"<<endl;cout<<"* 0.退出 *"<<endl;cout<<"**********************"<<endl;int x;cout<<"请输入你的选择： "<<endl;cin>>x;if(x==1){cout<<"请输入用户名： "<<endl;cin>>c;if(strcmp(a,c) == 0){cout<<"请输入密码： "<<endl;cin>>d;if(strcmp(b,d) == 0){cout<<"密码正确！！！"<<endl;cout<<"即将进入菜单页面 请稍候..."<<endl;Sleep(1500);}else{cout<<"密码错误！！！"<<endl;cout<<"请重新输入密码： "<<endl;cin>>d;if(strcmp(b,d) == 0){cout<<"密码正确！！！"<<endl;cout<<"即将进入菜单页面 请稍候..."<<endl;Sleep(1000);}else{cout<<"密码再次错误 即将离开该页面！！！"<<endl;exit(0); }}}else{cout<<"用户名输入错误！！"<<endl;cout<<"即将离开页面 请稍候..."<<endl;Sleep(1500); exit(0); } }if(x==0){cout<<"成功退出！！"<<endl; exit(0);}break; } }else if(num==2){cout<<"尚未注册 无法登录！！！"<<endl;exit(0);}else if(num==0){cout<<"成功退出！！！"<<endl;exit(0);}return ;
} void Student::Menu(Student *head)
{ Student STU;while(1) { system("CLS");system("date/t"); system("time/t");cout<<" *********************************************************"<<endl;cout<<" * *"<<endl;cout<<" * *"<<endl;cout<<" * 欢迎使用新生基本信息统计系统 *"<<endl;cout<<" * *"<<endl;cout<<" * *"<<endl;cout<<" *********************************************************"<<endl; cout<<" * **"<<endl;cout<<" * **"<<endl;cout<<" **********************************************************"<<endl; cout<<" ** 1.增加学生信息 **"<<endl; cout<<" ** 2.删除学生信息 **"<<endl;cout<<" ** 3.查询学生信息（按学号或姓名） **"<<endl;cout<<" ** 4.修改学生信息 **"<<endl;cout<<" ** 5.排序（英语成绩） **"<<endl;cout<<" ** 6.统计学生信息（专业/性别） **"<<endl;cout<<" ** 7.显示学生信息 **"<<endl;cout<<" ** 8.学生信息保存 **"<<endl; cout<<" ** 9.学生信息读取 **"<<endl; cout<<" ** 0.退出该系统 **"<<endl;cout<<" **********************************************************"<<endl; cout<<" ** **"<<endl;cout<<" ** **"<<endl;cout<<"请输入你的选择："<<endl; int choice; cin>>choice; switch(choice) { case 1 :system("CLS");STU.insert(head);system("pause");break; case 2 :system("CLS");STU.del(head);system("pause");break; case 3 :system("CLS");STU.Search(head);system("pause");break; case 4 :system("CLS");STU.rewrite(head);system("pause");break; case 5 :system("CLS");STU.Sort(head);system("pause");break; case 6 : system("CLS");STU.Statistics(head); system("pause");break; case 7 :system("CLS");STU.Print(head);system("pause");break; case 8 :system("CLS");STU.write_File(head);system("pause");break; case 9 :system("CLS");STU.read_File(head);system("pause");break;case 0 :system("CLS");cout<<"************************"<<endl;cout<<"* *"<<endl;cout<<"* 谢谢使用！ *"<<endl;cout<<"* *"<<endl;cout<<"************************"<<endl;exit(0);system("pause"); default:cout<<"输入错误，请重新输入！"<<endl;system("pause"); } }
}//增加
void Student::insert(Student *head)
{ STU *p1=head; int num; cout<<"请输入您要添加的学生数量: "<<endl; cin>>num; if(p1->next==NULL) { for(int i=0;i<num;i++) { STU *p2=new Student; cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"位学生的学号:"<<endl; cin>>p1->id; if(Student::only(head,p1->id)) { return ; } cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"位学生的姓名： "<<endl; cin>>p1->name; cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"位学生的性别： "<<endl; cin>>p1->sex; cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"位学生的专业： "<<endl; cin>>p1->major; cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"位学生的住址： "<<endl; cin>>p1->adress; cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"位学生的英语成绩： "<<endl; cin>>p1->score; cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"位学生的出生日期： "<<endl; cin>>p1->year>>p1->month>>p1->day; cout<<" "<<endl;cout<<"学生信息添加成功！！！"<<endl;cout<<" "<<endl;p1->next=p2; p2->next=NULL; p1=p2; } }else if(p1->next!=NULL){ //已有学生信息 插在尾部 while(p1->next!=NULL){p1=p1->next;}for(int i=0;i<num;i++) { STU *p2=new Student; cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"位学生的学号： "<<endl;cin>>p1->id; if(Student::only(head,p1->id)) { return ; } cout<<" "<<endl;cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"位学生的姓名： "<<endl; cin>>p1->name; cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"位学生的性别： "<<endl; cin>>p1->sex; cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"位学生的专业： "<<endl; cin>>p1->major; cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"位学生的住址： "<<endl; cin>>p1->adress; cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"位学生的英语成绩： "<<endl; cin>>p1->score; cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"位学生的出生日期： "<<endl; cin>>p1->year>>p1->month>>p1->day; cout<<" "<<endl;cout<<"学生信息添加成功！！！"<<endl;cout<<" "<<endl;p1->next=p2; p2->next=NULL; p1=p2; } }
}//删除
void Student::del(Student *head)
{ STU *p1=head;STU *p2=new Student; string num; int find=0;cout<<"请输入您要删除的学生的学号： "<<endl; cin>>num; if(p1->next==NULL) { cout<<"暂无学生信息存入！"<<endl; }else{ while(p1->next!=NULL) { if( (p1->next->id) == num) { p2=p1->next; p1->next=p2->next;// p1=p2->next;// delete p2;find=1; break; }p2=p1; //p1,p2依次向后移一位 p1=p1->next;break; }
/* if(p1->next->id==num){p2=p1->next;p1->next=p2->next;}// p2=p2->next;cout<<"删除成功"<<endl; */} if(find){cout<<"删除该学生成功！"<<endl; }else{cout<<"暂无该学生信息记录"<<endl; } } //查询
void Student::Search(Student *head)
{ STU *p1=head;string a="学号",b="姓名"; string gl;cout<<"请选择你想要查找的类别（请输入“学号”或“姓名”）： "<<endl;cin>>gl;if(gl==a) //根据学号查找{STU *p1=head; string num;int t=0; cout<<"请输入您要查找的学生学号："<<endl; cin>>num; if(p1->next==NULL) { cout<<"无该学生信息！"<<endl; }else{ while(p1->next!=NULL) { if(p1->id==num){cout<<"学号: "<<p1->id<<" 姓名： "<<p1->name<<" 性别： "<<p1->sex<<" 专业： "<<p1->major<<" 住址： "<<p1->adress<<" 英语成绩： "<<p1->score<<" 出生日期： "<<p1->year<<"."<<p1->month<<"."<<p1->day<<endl; t=1;break;}else{p1=p1->next;} }if(t=0){cout<<"该学号不存在！！！"<<endl;}else if(t=1){cout<<"查询成功！！！"<<endl;} }}else if(gl==b){ //根据姓名查找 string am; int m=0;cout<<"请输入您要查找的学生姓名："<<endl; cin>>am; if(p1->next==NULL) { cout<<"无该学生信息！"<<endl; }else{ while(p1->next!=NULL) { if(p1->name==am) { cout<<"学号: "<<p1->id<<" 姓名： "<<p1->name<<" 性别： "<<p1->sex<<" 专业： "<<p1->major<<" 住址： "<<p1->adress<<" 英语成绩： "<<p1->score<<" 出生日期： "<<p1->year<<"."<<p1->month<<"."<<p1->day<<endl; m=1;break; }else{ p1=p1->next; } }if(m=0){cout<<"该姓名不存在！！！"<<endl;}else if(m=1){cout<<"查询成功！"<<endl;}} }
}//修改
void Student::rewrite(Student *head)
{STU *p1=head;string num;int a=0;cout<<"请输入你想要修改的学生的学号："<<endl;cin>>num;if(p1->next==NULL){cout<<"暂无学生信息存入！！！"<<endl; }else{while(p1->next!=NULL){if(p1->id!=num){p1=p1->next; }else{ cout<<"修改姓名为： "<<endl; cin>>p1->name;cout<<"修改性别为： "<<endl;cin>>p1->sex;cout<<"修改专业为： "<<endl;cin>>p1->major; cout<<"修改地址为： "<<endl;cin>>p1->adress;cout<<"修改成绩为： "<<endl;cin>>p1->score;cout<<"修改出生日期为： "<<endl;cin>>p1->year>>p1->month>>p1->day;cout<<"学号： "<<p1->id<<" 姓名： "<<p1->name<<" 性别： "<<p1->sex<<" 专业： "<<p1->major<<" 地址： "<<p1->adress<<" 英语成绩： "<<p1->score<<" 出生日期： "<<p1->year<<p1->month<<p1->day<<endl; a=1;break;} }if(a=0){cout<<"暂无该学号存入！"<<endl;}else if(a=1){cout<<"信息修改成功！！！"<<endl; }}
} //排序
void Student::Sort(Student *head)
{STU *p=head;STU *p1=p->next;STU temp;if(p->next==NULL){cout<<"无学生信息记录！！！"<<endl; }else{cout<<"按照英语成绩排序： "<<endl;cout<<" "<<endl;for( ;p!=NULL;p=p->next){for(p1=p->next;p1!=NULL;p1=p1->next){if(p->score < p1->score) //将英语成绩从大到小进行排序 {temp.id=p1->id;p1->id=p->id;p->id=temp.id; temp.name=p1->name;p1->name=p->name;p->name=temp.name; temp.sex=p1->sex;p1->sex=p->sex;p->sex=temp.sex; temp.major=p1->major;p1->major=p->major;p->major=temp.major;temp.adress=p1->adress;p1->adress=p->adress;p->adress=temp.adress; temp.score=p1->score;p1->score=p->score;p->score=temp.score;temp.year=p1->year;p1->year=p->year;p->year=temp.year; temp.month=p1->month;p1->month=p->month;p->month=temp.month; temp.day=p1->day;p1->day=p->day;p->day=temp.day; }}}Print(head); //输出排序后的信息 }return ;
}//统计
void Student::Statistics(Student *head)
{ STU *p1=head; string a="专业",b="性别"; string gl; cout<<"请选择您要统计的类别：(请输入“专业”或“性别”)"<<endl; cin>>gl; if(gl==a) //按专业统计 { string subject; cout<<"请输入想要统计的专业名称： "<<endl; cin>>subject; int sum=0; if(p1->next==NULL) { cout<<"无学生信息记录！！！"<<endl; }else{ while(p1->next!=NULL) { if(p1->major==subject) { sum++; } p1=p1->next; } cout<<"该专业的人数为： "<<sum<<endl; } }else if(gl==b) //按性别统计 { string m; cout<<"请输入要统计的性别：(请输入“男”或“女”)"<<endl; cin>>m; int sum=0; if(p1->next==NULL) { cout<<"暂无学生信息记录！！！"<<endl; }else{ while(p1->next!=NULL) { if(p1->sex==m) { sum++; } p1=p1->next; } cout<<m<<"性的人数为： "<<sum<<endl; } }
}//显示学生信息
void Student::Print(Student *head)
{ STU *p1=head; if(p1->next==NULL) {cout<<"无学生信息记录！"<<endl; }else{ while(p1->next!=NULL) { cout<<"学号： "<<p1->id<<" 姓名： "<<p1->name<<" 性别： "<<p1->sex<<" 专业： "<<p1->major<<" 地址： "<<p1->adress<<" 英语成绩： "<<p1->score<<" 出生日期： "<<p1->year<<"."<<p1->month<<"."<<p1->day<<endl; p1=p1->next; } cout<<"显示成功！！！"<<endl; }
}//学号查重
bool Student::only(Student *head,string id)
{ STU *p1=head; while(p1->next!=NULL) { if(p1->id==id) { cout<<"学号重复，请勿添加！"<<endl; return true; } p1=p1->next; } return false;
}void Student::write_File(Student *head)
{ STU *p1=head; ofstream outfile("students.txt",ios::out); if(outfile==NULL) { cout<<"打开txt文件失败！"<<endl; }else{ p1=head; while(p1->next!=NULL) { outfile<<" 学号： "<<p1->id<<endl; outfile<<" 姓名： "<<p1->name<<endl;outfile<<" 性别： "<<p1->sex<<endl;outfile<<" 专业： "<<p1->major<<endl;outfile<<" 地址： "<<p1->adress<<endl;outfile<<" 成绩： "<<p1->score<<endl;outfile<<" 出生日期： "<<p1->year<<"."<<p1->month<<"."<<p1->day<<"."<<endl; p1=p1->next;} outfile.close(); cout<<"写入txt文件成功！！！"<<endl;cout<<"信息已保存！！！"<<endl; }
}void Student::read_File(Student *head)
{ STU *p1=head; STU *p=new Student; cout<<"正在读取信息 请稍等......"<<endl;Sleep(1000);system("CLS");ifstream infile("students.txt",ios::in); if(!infile) { cout<<"文件里没有数据！！！"<<endl;return; }else{ int total=0; while(!infile.eof()) { infile>>p->id;infile>>p->name;infile>>p->sex;infile>>p->major;infile>>p->adress;infile>>p->score;infile>>p->year>>p->month>>p->day; total++; cout<<"学号： "<<p->id<<endl;cout<<"姓名： "<<p->name<<endl;cout<<"性别： "<<p->sex<<endl;cout<<"专业： "<<p->major<<endl;cout<<"地址： "<<p->adress<<endl;cout<<"成绩： "<<p->score<<endl;cout<<"出生日期："<<p->year<<"."<<p->month<<"."<<p->day<<endl;cout<<"学生数量为： "<<total<<endl;cout<<" "<<endl;cout<<"读取成功！！！"<<endl; // delete p; p=NULL; p1=p;p1=p1->next; }infile.close(); }
}int main()
{ system("CLS");system("color 4"); Student STU; Student *head=new Student; STU.Register(head); STU.Menu(head); return 0;
}13）案例十三
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<cstring>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<windows.h>
using namespace std;//新生信息
class Student
{public: int num; //学号 char name[20]; //姓名 char sex[10]; //性别 char major[20]; //专业 int date; //出生日期 char address[20]; //家庭地址 int score; //英语入学成绩Student *next;
};class function
{public:function () {};void Enter(); void Menu(Student *head); //菜单void Creat(Student *head); //录入 void Add(Student *head); //增加 void Delete(Student *head); //删除 void Search(Student *head); //查询 void Change(Student *head); //修改 void Print(Student *head); //输出void Sort(Student *head); //排序 void Statistics(Student *head); //统计 void In_File(Student *head); //文件读取 void Out_File(Student *head); //文件保存 ~function () {};
};//登录
void function::Enter()
{int i=0;char account[10]={0}; //账号 char password[10]={0}; //密码 while(i<3){// system("color B5");cout<<"\n";cout<<"************欢迎使用新生信息统计系统************\n";cout<<"请输入账号: \n";cin>>account;cout<<"请输入密码: \n";cin>>password;cout<<"\n";if(strcmp(account,"fengmang")==0&&strcmp(password,"666")==0){cout<<"登录成功\n";break;}else{cout<<"密码或用户名错误,请重试\n";continue; } } system("pause"); //停顿 system("cls"); //清屏
} //录入
void function::Creat(Student *head)
{Student *p1=head;char sex1[3];char sex2[3];strcpy(sex1, "男");strcpy(sex2, "女");int n;cout<<"请输入学生数量:";cin>>n;cout<<endl;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){Student *p2=new Student;cout<<"学号:";cin>>p2->num;cout<<"姓名:";cin>>p2->name;cout<<"性别:";cin>>p2->sex;while(strcmp(sex1,p2->sex)!=0 &&strcmp(sex2,p2->sex)!=0 ){cout<<"请输入格式 :男/女，请重新输入！"<<endl;cout<<"性别:";cin>>p2->sex;}cout<<"专业:";cin>>p2->major;cout<<"出生日期:";cin>>p2->date;cout<<"家庭住址:";cin>>p2->address;cout<<"英语入学成绩:";cin>>p2->score;cout<<endl;p1->next=p2;p1=p2;} p1->next ==NULL;
}//输出
void function::Print(Student *head)
{Student *p1=head;Student *p2=p1->next;while(p2!=NULL){cout<<"学号:"<<p2->num<<endl;cout<<"姓名:"<<p2->name<<endl;cout<<"性别:"<<p2->sex<<endl;cout<<"专业:"<<p2->major<<endl;cout<<"出生日期:"<<p2->date<<endl;cout<<"家庭住址:"<<p2->address<<endl;cout<<"英语入学成绩:"<<p2->score<<endl;cout<<endl;p2=p2->next;}
}//增加
void function::Add(Student *head)
{Student *p1=head;Student *p2=head->next;Student *p3;char sex1[3];char sex2[3];strcpy(sex1, "男");strcpy(sex2, "女");int id;bool flag=false;cout<<"请输入要插入的位置:";cin>>id;while(p2!=NULL){if(p2->num==id){p3=new Student;cout<<"请输入要增加的学生的信息:\n";cout<<"学号:";cin>>p3->num;cout<<"姓名:";cin>>p3->name;cout<<"性别:";cin>>p3->sex;while(strcmp(sex1,p3->sex)!=0 &&strcmp(sex2,p3->sex)!=0 ){cout<<"请输入格式 :男/女，请重新输入！"<<endl;cout<<"性别:";cin>>p3->sex;}cout<<"专业:";cin>>p3->major;cout<<"出生日期:";cin>>p3->date;cout<<"家庭住址:";cin>>p3->address;cout<<"英语入学成绩:";cin>>p3->score;cout<<endl;p3->next=p2->next;p2->next=p3;cout<<"添加成功!\n";flag=true;}p2=p2->next;}if(flag==false){printf("未查询到该学生，增加失败!\n"); }
}//删除
void function::Delete(Student *head)
{Student *p1=head;Student *p2=p1->next; int id;bool flag=false;cout<<"请输入要删除的学生的学号:";cin>>id;while(p2!=NULL){if(p2->num==id){p1->next=p2->next;delete p2;cout<<"\n删除成功！\n";flag=true;}p2=p2->next; }if(flag==false){cout<<"无该学生信息，删除失败!\n";}
} //查询
void function::Search(Student *head)
{Student *p1=head;Student *p2=head->next;int id;cout<<"请输入要查找的学生的学号:\n";cin>>id;bool flag=false;while(p2!=NULL){if(p2->num ==id){cout<<"学号:"<<p2->num<<endl;cout<<"姓名:"<<p2->name<<endl;cout<<"性别:"<<p2->sex<<endl;cout<<"专业:"<<p2->major<<endl;cout<<"出生日期:"<<p2->date<<endl;cout<<"家庭住址:"<<p2->address<<endl;cout<<"英语入学成绩:"<<p2->score<<endl;cout<<endl;flag=true;break;}p2=p2->next; }if(flag==false){cout<<"无该学生的信息!\n"; }
} //修改
void function::Change(Student *head)
{Student *p1=head;Student *p2=head->next;char sex1[3];char sex2[3];strcpy(sex1, "男");strcpy(sex2, "女");int id;bool flag=false;cout<<"请输入需要修改的职工的职工号:";cin>>id;while(p2!=NULL){if(p2->num==id){cout<<"请输入修改后的学生信息:\n";cout<<"学号:";cin>>p2->num;cout<<"姓名:";cin>>p2->name;cout<<"性别:";cin>>p2->sex;while(strcmp(sex1,p2->sex)!=0 &&strcmp(sex2,p2->sex)!=0 ){cout<<"请输入格式 :男/女，请重新输入！"<<endl;cout<<"性别:";cin>>p2->sex;}cout<<"专业:";cin>>p2->major;cout<<"出生日期:";cin>>p2->date;cout<<"家庭住址:";cin>>p2->address;cout<<"英语入学成绩:";cin>>p2->score;cout<<endl;flag=true;}p2=p2->next ;}if(flag==false){printf("无该学生信息，无法修改!\n");}
} //排序
void function::Sort(Student *head)
{Student *p1=head->next;int temp;char t[20];if(p1==NULL){cout<<"无学生信息！\n";}else{cout<<"按英语成绩排序：\n";while(p1!=NULL){ Student *p2=p1->next;while(p2!=NULL){if(p1->score < p2->score){temp=p2->num;p2->num=p1->num;p1->num=temp;strcpy(t,p2->name);strcpy(p2->name,p1->name);strcpy(p1->name,t);strcpy(t,p2->sex);strcpy(p2->sex,p1->sex);strcpy(p1->sex,t);strcpy(t,p2->major);strcpy(p2->major,p1->major);strcpy(p1->major,t);temp=p2->date;p2->date=p1->date;p1->date=temp;strcpy(t,p2->address);strcpy(p2->address,p1->address);strcpy(p1->address,t); temp=p2->score;p2->score=p1->score;p1->score=temp;}p2=p2->next;}p1=p1->next;}}
} //统计
void function::Statistics(Student *head)
{Student *p1=head->next;string a="专业",b="性别"; string category;cout<<"请选择要统计的类别:(请输入“专业”或“性别”)\n";cin>>category;if(category==a) //按专业统计 {string w; cout<<"请输入专业名称：\n";cin>>w;int sum=0;if(p1==NULL){cout<<"无学生信息！\n";}else{while(p1!=NULL){if(p1->major==w){sum++;}p1=p1->next;}cout<<w<<"专业的人数:"<<sum<<endl; }}else if(category==b) //按性别统计 {string s;cout<<"请输入要统计的性别：(请输入“男”或“女”)\n";cin>>s;int sum=0;if(p1==NULL){cout<<"无学生信息！\n";}else{while(p1!=NULL){if(p1->sex==s){sum++;}p1=p1->next;}cout<<s<<"生的人数:"<<sum<<endl; }}
} //文件保存
void function::Out_File(Student *head)
{Student *p1=head;Student *p2=head->next;ofstream out("D:\\students.txt",ios::out);if(out==NULL){cout<<"打开文件失败！\n";exit(0);}while(p2!=NULL){
// out<<"学号"<<"\t"<<"姓名"<<"\t"<<"性别"<<"\t"<<"专业"<<"\t"<<"出生日期"<<"\t"<<"家庭住址"<<"\t"<<"英语入学成绩\n"; out<<p2->num<<"\t"<<p2->name<<"\t"<<p2->sex<<"\t"<<p2->major<<"\t"<<p2->date<<"\t"<<p2->address<<"\t"<<p2->score<<endl;p2=p2->next;}out.close();cout<<"\n写入文件成功！\n";
} //文件读取
void function::In_File(Student *head)
{ifstream in;Student *p1=head;Student *p2=head->next;in.open("D:\\students.txt",ios::in);if(in==NULL){cout<<"打开文件文件失败！\n";exit(0);}while(1){p2=new Student;in>>p2->num>>p2->name>>p2->sex>>p2->major>>p2->date>>p2->address>>p2->score;if(in.fail() ) //判断是不是读到了文件结尾{delete p2;p1->next=NULL;break;} p1->next=p2;p1=p1->next; }cout<<"读取成功!\n";function::Print(head); in.close();
} //菜单
void function::Menu(Student *head)
{function STU;while(1){// system("color 3F");cout<<endl;cout<<endl;cout<<"**************新生信息统计系统***************"<<endl;cout<<" 1.录入学生信息 "<<endl;cout<<" 2.增加学生信息 "<<endl;cout<<" 3.删除学生信息 "<<endl;cout<<" 4.查询学生信息 "<<endl;cout<<" 5.修改学生信息 "<<endl;cout<<" 6.输出学生信息 "<<endl;cout<<" 7.按照英语成绩排序 "<<endl;cout<<" 8.统计学生信息 "<<endl;cout<<" 9.保存学生信息 "<<endl;cout<<" 0.读取学生信息 "<<endl;cout<<" 10.退出系统 "<<endl; cout<<"*********************************************"<<endl;cout<<endl;int x;cout<<"请输入所选择的功能序号:"<<endl;cin>>x; switch(x){case 1:cout<<"***************录入学生信息***************\n";STU.Creat(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case 2:cout<<"***************增加学生信息***************\n";STU.Add(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case 3:cout<<"***************删除学生信息***************\n";STU.Delete(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case 4:cout<<"***************查询学生信息***************\n";STU.Search(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case 5:cout<<"***************修改学生信息***************\n";STU.Change(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case 6:cout<<"***************输出学生信息***************\n";STU.Print(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case 7:cout<<"*************按照英语成绩排序*************\n";STU.Sort(head);STU.Print(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case 8:cout<<"***************统计学生信息***************\n";STU.Statistics(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case 9:cout<<"***************保存学生信息***************\n";STU.Out_File(head); system("pause");system("cls");break;case 0:cout<<"***************读取学生信息***************\n"; STU.In_File(head);system("pause");system("cls");break;case 10:cout<<"*********感谢使用新生信息管理系统*********\n";exit(0);break; default:cout<<"选择错误，请重新选择\n";system("pause");system("cls");function::Menu(head);break;}}
}//主函数
int main ()
{function F;Student *head=new Student;F.Enter();F.Menu(head);return 0;
}14）案例十四
#define MAX_NUM 1000#include <String>#include <fstream>#include <iostream>#include <cstdlib>#include <ctime>using namespace std;bool quit = false;struct StuNode {int num;char name[1000];int math, eng, yuwen, cyuyan;int pj;int sum;StuNode *nextstu;};class people {int num;char name[1000];};class SInfo:private people { //设计一个类public:int math, eng, yuwen, cyuyan;int pj;int sum;private: //私有权限StuNode *head,*StuListHead,*p1,*p2,*p3;public: //公共权限SInfo(); //构造函数~SInfo(); //析构函数StuNode *CreatSinfo(); //创建学生信息StuNode *StuInsert(StuNode *head); //插入学生信息void StuDelete(int snum); //删除学生信息StuNode *StuFind(int snum); //查找学生信息，传入参数学号void StuModify(int snum, int smath, int seng, int syuwen, int cyuyan, int spj); //修改学生信息void StuCopy(StuNode *ptemp, StuNode *p); //学生信息拷贝void StuSort(char ch);void StuClassfy(); //分类合计void StuRead(); //从文件读入学生信息void StuSave(); //保存学生信息到文件void StuQuit(); //退出程序void ShowInfo(); //遍历输出学生信息};int Systemdoor(){string username = "0", password = "0";string name, temp;int number = 3;while (1){cout<<" ********************************** \n";cout<<" ** ** \n";cout<<" ** 欢迎使用学生信息管理系统！ ** \n";cout<<" ** ** \n";cout<<" ********************************** \n";cout<<" -----------祝你使用愉快!---------- \n";cout << " 用 户 名：";cin >> name;cout << " 密 码：";cin >> temp;if (name != username || temp != password){number--;if (number >0){cout << " 用户名/密码错误!你还有" << number << "次机会" << endl;system("pause");system("cls");}elsecout << " 用户名/密码错误!" << endl, exit(0);system("cls");}else{cout << " *************密码正确*************" << endl<<endl;system("cls");return 1;}}}void ShowMenu(){system("cls");char ch;cout<<"\t\t\t*******************************************************\n";cout<<"\t\t\t** **\n";cout<<"\t\t\t********** 欢迎使用！ ***********\n";cout<<"\t\t\t** **\n";cout<<"\t\t\t*******************************************************\n";cout<<"\t\t\t** **\n";cout<<"\t\t\t**------------------ 请选择： ---------------------**\n";cout<<"\t\t\t** **\n";cout<<"\t\t\t**---------------0.安全退出学生系统： ---------------**\n";cout<<"\t\t\t** **\n";cout<<"\t\t\t**---------------1.文件读入学生信息： ---------------**\n";cout<<"\t\t\t** **\n";cout<<"\t\t\t**---------------2.录入新的学生信息： ---------------**\n";cout<<"\t\t\t** **\n";cout<<"\t\t\t**---------------3.添加新的学生信息： ---------------**\n";cout<<"\t\t\t** **\n";cout<<"\t\t\t**---------------4.删除已有学生信息： ---------------**\n";cout<<"\t\t\t** **\n";cout<<"\t\t\t**---------------5.查找已有学生信息： ---------------**\n";cout<<"\t\t\t** **\n";cout<<"\t\t\t**---------------6.修改已有学生信息： ---------------**\n";cout<<"\t\t\t** **\n";cout<<"\t\t\t**---------------7.已有学生信息排序: ---------------**\n";cout<<"\t\t\t** **\n";cout<<"\t\t\t**---------------8.分类合计学生信息： ---------------**\n";cout<<"\t\t\t** **\n";cout<<"\t\t\t**---------------9.输出所有学生信息： ---------------**\n";cout<<"\t\t\t** **\n";cout<<"\t\t\t**---------------10.保存现有学生信息：---------------**\n";cout<<"\t\t\t** **\n";cout<<"\t\t\t*******************************************************\n";time_t now = time(0);char* dt = ctime(&now);cout << " 登入系统时本地日期时间：" << dt << endl;cout << "\n\t\n\t\t请选择：";
}SInfo::SInfo() //构造函数，为对象的成员属性赋值 。{StuListHead = new StuNode;StuListHead->nextstu = NULL;}SInfo::~SInfo() //析构函数，在对象销毁系统前系统自动调用，执行一些清理工作。{StuNode *p;while (StuListHead){p = StuListHead;StuListHead = StuListHead->nextstu;delete p;}StuListHead = NULL;}StuNode *SInfo::CreatSinfo() //创建学生信息表{int n;StuNode *p, *s;p = StuListHead;cout << "请输入学生人数：";cin >> n;for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++){s = new StuNode;cout<<"请输入学生的信息！\n学号:";cin>>s->num;cout<<"姓名:";cin>>s->name;cout<<"数学成绩:";cin>>s->math;cout<<"英语成绩:";cin>>s->eng;cout<<"语文成绩:";cin>>s->yuwen;cout<<"C语言成绩：";cin>>s->cyuyan;s->pj = (s->math + s->eng + s->yuwen + s->cyuyan)/4;s->sum = s->math + s->eng + s->yuwen + s->cyuyan;s->nextstu = p->nextstu;p->nextstu = s;p = p->nextstu;}if (p == NULL) //判断学生信息表是否创建成功{cout << "创建失败请重新创建！" << endl;CreatSinfo();system("pause");}
}void SInfo::ShowInfo() //遍历输出{StuNode *p;cout << "学号" << '\t' << "姓名" << '\t' << "数学" << '\t' << "英语" << '\t' << "语文" << '\t' << "C语言" << '\t' << "平均分" << '\t' << "总分" << endl;for (p = StuListHead->nextstu; p != NULL; p = p->nextstu){cout << p->num << '\t' << p->name << '\t' << p->math << '\t' << p->eng << '\t' << p->yuwen << '\t' << p->cyuyan << '\t' << p->pj << '\t' << p->sum << endl;}system("pause");}StuNode *SInfo::StuInsert(StuNode *head) //插入学生信息（头插法）{StuNode *s,*p;int num;char name;int math;int eng;int yuwen;int cyuyan;int pj;s = new StuNode;cout << "请输入添加学生信息：";cout<< "学号：";cin >> s->num;cout<<"姓名:";cin>> s->name;cout<<"数学成绩:";cin>> s->math;cout<<"英语成绩:";cin>> s->eng;cout<<"语文成绩:";cin >> s->yuwen;cout<< "C语言成绩：";cin>> s->cyuyan;s->pj = (s->math + s->eng + s->yuwen + s->cyuyan)/4;s->sum = s->math + s->eng + s->yuwen + s->cyuyan;p = StuListHead;s->nextstu = p->nextstu;p->nextstu = s;}void SInfo::StuDelete(int snum){StuNode *p, *ptemp;p = StuListHead;ptemp = p;while (p->nextstu!=NULL && p->num!=snum) //循环终止条件为p->nextstu不为空 而且没有找到相应学号的学生{ptemp = p;p = p->nextstu;}if (p->num == snum){ptemp->nextstu = p->nextstu;delete p;}else{cout << "未找到该学生信息！" << endl;}}StuNode *SInfo::StuFind(int snum){StuNode *p;p = StuListHead->nextstu;while (p->nextstu && p->num != snum) //循环终止条件为p->nextstu不为空 而且没有找到相应学号的学生{p = p->nextstu;}if (p->num == snum){return p;}else{cout << "未找到该学生信息！" << endl;}}void SInfo::StuModify(int snum, int smath, int seng, int syuwen, int scyuyan, int spj){StuNode *ItemStu = StuFind(snum); //直接调用查找函数if (ItemStu != NULL){ItemStu->num = snum;ItemStu->math = smath;ItemStu->math = smath;ItemStu->eng = seng;ItemStu->yuwen = syuwen;ItemStu->cyuyan = scyuyan;ItemStu->pj = (ItemStu->math + ItemStu->eng + ItemStu->yuwen + ItemStu->cyuyan)/4;ItemStu->sum = ItemStu->math + ItemStu->eng + ItemStu->yuwen + ItemStu->cyuyan;}}void SInfo::StuCopy(StuNode *ptemp, StuNode *p) //拷贝学生信息(将p的信息拷贝到ptemp中){if (p == NULL){cout << "拷贝目标为空！" << endl;}else{ptemp->num = p->num;ptemp->math = p->math;ptemp->eng = p->eng;ptemp->yuwen = p->yuwen;ptemp->cyuyan = p->cyuyan;ptemp->pj = p->pj;ptemp->sum = p->sum;}}void SInfo::StuSort(char ch) //根据 总分排序{if (ch == '>'){for (StuNode *p = StuListHead->nextstu; p != NULL; p = p->nextstu){for (StuNode *q = StuListHead->nextstu; q != NULL; q = q->nextstu){if (p->sum > q->sum){StuNode *ptemp = new StuNode;StuCopy(ptemp, p);StuCopy(p, q);StuCopy(q, ptemp);}}}}else if (ch == '<'){for (StuNode *p = StuListHead->nextstu; p != NULL; p = p->nextstu){for (StuNode *q = StuListHead->nextstu; q != NULL; q = q->nextstu){if (p->sum < q->sum){StuNode *ptemp = new StuNode;StuCopy(ptemp, p);StuCopy(p, q);StuCopy(q, ptemp);}}}}else if (ch == 'o'){for (StuNode *p = StuListHead->nextstu; p != NULL; p = p->nextstu){for (StuNode *q = StuListHead->nextstu; q != NULL; q = q->nextstu){if (p->num < q->num){StuNode *ptemp = new StuNode;StuCopy(ptemp, p);StuCopy(p, q);StuCopy(q, ptemp);}}}}else{cout << "排序条件出错！" << endl;}}void SInfo::StuClassfy() //根据学生总分分类{int grade[5] = {0};StuNode *p = StuListHead->nextstu;while (p != NULL){if (340 < p->sum){grade[0]++;if (p->cyuyan > 80 && p->eng > 80 && p->math > 80 && p->yuwen >80){cout << "优秀学生信息：" <<endl;cout << "学号" << '\t' << "姓名" << '\t' << "数学" << '\t' << "英语" << '\t' << "语文" << '\t' << "C语言" << '\t' << "平均分" << '\t' << "总分" << endl;cout << p->num << '\t' << p->name << '\t' << p->math << '\t' << p->eng << '\t' << p->yuwen << '\t' << p->cyuyan << '\t' << p->pj << '\t' << p->sum << endl;}}else if (300 < p->sum && p->sum < 340){grade[1]++;}else if (260 < p->sum && p->sum < 300){grade[2]++;}else if (240 < p->sum && p->sum < 260){grade[3]++;}else{StuNode *p;p = StuListHead->nextstu;ofstream out("D://补考学生.txt");if (!out) {cout << "不能打开文件！" << endl;return;}while (p != NULL){if(240 > p->sum){out << p->num << '\t' << p->name << '\t' << p->math << '\t' << p->eng << '\t' << p->yuwen << '\t' << p->cyuyan << '\t' << p->pj << '\t' << p->sum << '\n';}p = p->nextstu;}cout << "学生信息已保存..." << endl;grade[4]++;}p = p->nextstu;}cout << "A" << '\t' << "B" << '\t' << "C" << '\t' << "D" << '\t' << "E" << endl;for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++){cout << grade[i] << '\t';}cout << endl;}void SInfo::StuRead() //从文件读入数据{StuNode *p;p = StuListHead;ifstream in("D://学生信息.txt");if (!in) {cout << "没有学生信息，请先录入学生信息!" << endl;system("pause");return;}char c;cout << "读入学生信息表：" << endl;cout << "学号" << '\t' << "姓名" << '\t' << "数学" << '\t' << "英语" << '\t' << "语文" << '\t' << "C语言" << '\t' << "平均分" << '\t' << "总分" << endl;while(in.get(c))while (p != NULL){cout << p->num << '\t' << p->name << '\t' << p->math << '\t' << p->eng << '\t' << p->yuwen << '\t' << p->cyuyan <<'\t' << p->pj << '\t' << p->sum << '\n'<<endl;p = p->nextstu;}cout.put(c);system("pause");}void SInfo::StuSave() //保存学生信息{StuNode *p;p = StuListHead->nextstu;ofstream out("D://学生信息.txt");if (!out) {cout << "不能打开文件！" << endl;return;}while (p != NULL){out << p->num << '\t' << p->name << '\t' << p->math << '\t' << p->eng << '\t' << p->yuwen << '\t' << p->cyuyan <<'\t' << p->pj << '\t' << p->sum << '\n';p = p->nextstu;}cout << "学生信息已保存..." << endl;}void SInfo::StuQuit() //学生信息写入文件{char choice;cout << "是否保存学生信息：？（Y/N）";cin >> choice;if (choice == 'y' || choice == 'Y'){StuSave();cout << "学生信息已保存..." << endl;}}int main(){StuNode *head;StuNode *StuListHead;system("color F4");Systemdoor();int x = 100, pnum,pmath,peng,pyuwen,pcyuyan,ppj;char pname[1000];StuNode *pfind;SInfo stu;while (x != 0){system("cls"); //清屏ShowMenu();cin >> x;switch (x){case 0:stu.StuQuit();break;case 1:stu.StuRead();break;case 2:stu.CreatSinfo();cout << "请核对输入学生信息！" << endl;stu.ShowInfo();break;case 3:stu.StuInsert(StuListHead);cout << "更新学生信息表..." << endl;stu.ShowInfo();break;case 4:cout << "请输入要删除学生学号：";cin >> pnum;stu.StuDelete(pnum);cout << "更新学生信息表..." << endl;stu.ShowInfo();break;case 5:cout << "请输入要查找学生学号：";cin >> pnum;pfind = stu.StuFind(pnum);cout << "查找学生学号：" << pfind->num <<" 数学 "<<pfind->math<<" 英语 "<<pfind->eng<<" 语文 "<<pfind->yuwen<<" C语言 "<<pfind->cyuyan <<" 平均分 "<<pfind->pj <<" 总分 " << pfind->sum << endl;system("pause");break;case 6:cout << "请输入要修改学生学号：";cin >> pnum;cout << "请重新输入学生分数：";cout << "请输入数学成绩：";cin >> pmath ;cout << "请输入英语成绩：";cin >> peng;cout << "请输入语文成绩：";cin >> pyuwen;cout << "请输入C语言成绩：";cin >> pcyuyan;stu.StuModify(pnum, pmath, peng, pyuwen, pcyuyan, ppj);cout << "修改成功！" << endl;cout << "更新学生信息表..." << endl;stu.ShowInfo();break;case 7:cout << "升序排序（1）降序排序（0）学号排序（10）：";cin >> pnum;if (pnum == 1){stu.StuSort('<');stu.ShowInfo();}else if (pnum == 0){stu.StuSort('>');stu.ShowInfo();}else if (pnum == 10){stu.StuSort('o');stu.ShowInfo();}else{cout << "请输入正确选择！" << endl;}break;case 8:stu.StuClassfy();system("pause");break;case 9:stu.ShowInfo();break;case 10:stu.StuSave();system("pause");break;default:cout<<"选择有错，请重新选择\n";}}system("pause");return 0;
}
15）案例十五
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>//该数据类型通常表示文件流
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string>
#include<iomanip>
#include<cstring>
#include<ctime> //记录时间
using namespace std;
static int m=0;//总人数
class Student{
public://封装数据 void set_id(int id) {this->Id=id;}//调用this指针，把x的值赋给当前对象的X属性。void set_name(string name) {this->Name=name;} void set_sex(string sex) {this->Sex=sex;} void set_spe(string spe) {this->Spe=spe;} void set_year(int year) {this->Year=year;} void set_month(int month) {this->Month=month;} void set_day(int day) {this->Day=day;} void set_address(string address) {this->Address=address;} void set_age(int age) {this->Age=age;}void set_Escore(float Escore) {this->ESCORE=Escore;}int get_id() {return Id;}string get_name() {return Name;}string get_sex() {return Sex;}string get_spe() {return Spe;}int get_year() {return Year;}int get_month() {return Month;}int get_day() {return Day;}string get_address() {return Address;}int get_age() {return Age;}float get_Escore() {return ESCORE;}Student *next;void show();void menu();
private: //定义属性 int Id;//学号 string Name;//姓名 string Sex;//性别 string Spe;//(specialty专业)int Year;//年 int Month;//月 int Day;//日 string Address;//住址 int Age;//年龄 float ESCORE;//英语成绩 };
void Student::show() //单人输出show函数
{cout<<"学号："<<get_id()<<"\t";cout<<"姓名："<<get_name()<<"\t";cout<<"性别："<<get_sex()<<"\t";cout<<"专业："<<get_spe()<<"\t";cout<<"出生年月：";cout<<get_year()<<"年";cout<<get_month()<<"月";cout<<get_day()<<"日"<<"\t";cout<<"住址："<<get_address()<<"\t";cout<<"英语成绩："<<get_Escore()<<"\t";cout<<"*********************************************"<<endl;
}
class message:public Student//函数集合 ，使用公有继承类Student
{public:message(){head=NULL;}~message();Student* find2(int id);bool find1(string name);void save();void show1();void search();void add(); void read(); void tongji();void rank();void shanchu();void revision();void age_(Student *pt);private:Student *p1,*p2,*head;
}; message::~message()//引用析构函数，释放空间
{ Student *pt;while(head){pt=head;head=head->next;delete pt;}
}void message::show1()//遍历数据
{if(head==NULL){cout<<"这是一个空列表，请先添加学生信息"<<endl;return; }cout<<"共"<<m<<"名学生"<<endl;p1=head;while(p1!=NULL){p1->show();p1=p1->next;}
} void message::add()//添加学生信息
{int n,d,year,month,day;//n为添加新生人数，d为判断男女条件 int id;string name,spe,sex,address;float Escore; p2=head; while(p2)//将数据添加的尾部 {if(!p2->next)break;p2=p2->next;}cout<<"请输入您要添加人数(人数大于0):";cin>>n;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"个学生的信息"<<endl;cout<<"学号:";cin>>id;p1=new Student();//为新添加的学生信息开辟空间 while(find2(id))//判断学号是否重复 {cout<<"该学号已存在，请重新输入"<<endl;cin>>id;} p1->set_id(id);cout<<"姓名:";cin>>name;p1->set_name(name);cout<<"性别"<<endl<<"1.男 "<<"2.女"<<endl<<"请选择性别(请输入1或2):";cin>>d;switch(d){case 1:p1->set_sex("男");break;case 2:p1->set_sex("女");break;default:cout<<"稀有物种"<<endl; }cout<<"专业"<<endl<<"1.文科 "<<"2.理科"<<endl<<"请选择性别(请输入1或2):";cin>>d;switch(d){case 1:p1->set_spe("文科");break;case 2:p1->set_spe("理科");break;default:cout<<"未知专业"<<endl; } cout<<"****出生年月****"<<endl<<"年:";cin>>year;p1->set_year(year);cout<<"月(请输入1-12月):";cin>>month;p1->set_month(month);cout<<"日:";cin>>day;p1->set_day(day);cout<<"****************"<<endl;cout<<"住址:";cin>>address;p1->set_address(address);cout<<"英语成绩:";cin>>Escore;p1->set_Escore(Escore);p1->next=NULL;//将指针的下一个指向空，结束输入 if(head==NULL)head=p1;//将指针指向空，防止不必要的麻烦 elsep2->next=p1;p2=p1;p2->next=NULL;m++;//将总人数+1 }return;
}void message::search()//查询
{int id1;string name1;int N=0;//N为判断是否换种查询方式条件 static int n=0;//n为判断查询条件 p1=head;if(p1==NULL){cout<<"这是一个空列表,请先添加学生信息"<<endl;return;}if(n==0){ cout<<"请选择您要查询的学生信息:"<<"\t"<<"1.学号 2.姓名"<<endl;cin>>n;}if(n==1){ cout<<"请输入您要查询的学生学号"<<endl;cin>>id1;if(find2(id1)) find2(id1)->show();//输出查询到的数据 else{cout<<"没有该生信息,是否选择另一种查询方式?"<<endl<<"1.是 2.否"<<endl;cin>>N;if(N==1){ n=2; search(); }else { n=0; return; }}}else{cout<<"请输入您要查询的学生姓名"<<endl;cin>>name1;if(!find1(name1)){cout<<"没有该生信息,是否选择另一种查询方式?"<<endl<<"1.是 2.否"<<endl;cin>>N;if(N==1){ n=1; search();}else { n=0; return; }}} n=0;//方便下次使用查询
}bool message::find1(string name)//按姓名查找 ，引用bool函数，成立返回true，不成立返回false
{Student *p=head;int i=0;while(p){if(p->get_name()==name){p->show();i=1;}p=p->next;}if(i==0) return false;return true;
}Student* message::find2(int id)//按学号查找
{Student *p=head;while(p!=NULL) {if(id==p->get_id()){return p;}p=p->next;}return p;//返回查到数据的地址指针
}void message::revision()//修改
{int id;int n,y,t,year,month,day,age;//y为修改人数，n为修改选项 ,t为继续选择 string name,spe,sex,address;float Escore;//定义数据 if(head==NULL)//查看是否有数据 { cout<<"这是一个空列表，请先添加学生信息"<<endl;return; } cout<<"请输入您要修改的人数:"<<endl;cin>>y; while(y>m){if(y>m)cout<<"输入人数大于总人数，请重新输入"<<endl;cin.clear();// 清空上一次输入的数据，重新输入，防止进入死循环 cin>>y; }for(int j=0;j<y;j++)//循环修改次数 {p1=head;p2=head;cout<<"请输入您要修改的学生学号"<<endl;cin>>id;p1=find2(id);//利用查找函数传出数据的指针，将p1赋值 if(p1)//如果p1不为空 {do{system("pause");system("cls");cout<<"****************"<<endl<<"*****1.学号*****"<<endl<<"*****2.姓名*****"<<endl<<"*****3.性别*****"<<endl<<"*****4.专业*****"<<endl<<"*****5.出生日期*"<<endl<<"*****6.英语成绩*"<<endl<<"*****7.地址*****"<<endl<<"*****8.返回*****"<<endl<<"****************"<<endl; cout<<"请选择您要修改的选项:";cin>>n;switch(n){case 1: cout<<"请输入您要修改的学号:"<<endl;cin>>id;while(find2(id)){cout<<"学号已存在，请重新输入"<<endl;cin>>id;}p1->set_id(id); cout<<"修改成功"<<endl;break;case 2: cout<<"请输入您要修改的姓名:"<<endl;cin>>name;p1->set_name(name);cout<<"修改成功"<<endl;break;case 3: cout<<"请输入您要修改的性别:"<<endl<<"1.男 2.女"<<endl<<"请选择你要输入的性别编号";cin>>n;if(n==1)p1->set_sex("男");if(n==2)p1->set_sex("女"); cout<<"修改成功"<<endl;break;case 4: cout<<"请输入您要修改的专业:"<<endl<<"1.理科 2.文科"<<endl<<"请选择你要输入的专业编号";cin>>n;if(n==1)p1->set_spe("文科");if(n==2)p1->set_spe("理科"); cout<<"修改成功"<<endl;break;case 5: cout<<"*****出生日期*****"<<endl;cout<<"年:"; cin>>year;p1->set_year(year);cout<<"月:";cin>>month;p1->set_month(month);cout<<"日:";cin>>day;p1->set_day(day);cout<<"**************"<<endl;break;case 6: cout<<"请输入您要修改的英语成绩:";cin>>Escore;p1->set_Escore(Escore);cout<<"修改成功"<<endl;break;case 7: cout<<"请输入您要修改的地址:";cin>>address;p1->set_address(address);cout<<"修改成功"<<endl;break;case 8: break;default:cout<<"选择错误,请重新选择"<<endl; }}while(n!=8);//当n等于8时，跳出修改 cout<<"修改完毕"<<endl; }else{j--;cout<<"没有该生信息"<<endl;//如果未找到，将已经加上的j减一 }}cout<<"是否继续修改？"<<endl;cout<<"1.是 2.否"<<endl;cin>>t;if(t==1) revision();else return;
}void message::tongji()//信息统计
{int i=0,j=0,k=0,a;//i,j,k为各统计人数 ，a为选择条件 p1=head;if(head==NULL)cout<<"这是一个空列表，请先添加学生信息"<<endl;cout<<"请选择统计类型："<<endl;cout<<"1.性别"<<"\t"<<"2.专业"<<"\t"<<"3.年龄"<<endl;cin>>a;switch(a){case 1:cout<<"男生:"<<endl;while(p1!=NULL){ if(p1->get_sex()=="男") { p1->show();++i;} p1=p1->next;} cout<<"男生共"<<i<<"人"<<endl;p1=head;cout<<"女生:"<<endl;while(p1!=NULL){ if(p1->get_sex()=="女") { p1->show();++j;} p1=p1->next;}cout<<"女生共"<<j<<"人"<<endl;p1=head;break;case 2:cout<<"文科:"<<endl;while(p1!=NULL){ if(p1->get_spe()=="文科"){ p1->show();++i;}p1=p1->next;}cout<<"文科共"<<i<<"人"<<endl;p1=head;cout<<"理科:"<<endl;while(p1!=NULL){ if(p1->get_spe()=="理科"){ p1->show();++j;} p1=p1->next;}cout<<"理科共"<<j<<"人"<<endl;p1=head;break; case 3:cout<<"年龄为16~18:"<<endl;while(p1!=NULL)//如果有数据 { age_(p1);//将p1当做参数传到计算年龄的函数中，返回计算信息 if(p1->get_age()>=16&&p1->get_age()<=18){ cout<<"年龄:"<<p1->get_age()<<endl;p1->show();++i;}p1=p1->next;//判断下一个数据符合类型 }cout<<"年龄为16~18共"<<i<<"人"<<endl;p1=head;//重新将p1指向开头 cout<<"年龄为19~21:"<<endl;while(p1!=NULL){ age_(p1);if(p1->get_age()>=19&&p1->get_age()<=21){ cout<<"年龄:"<<p1->get_age()<<endl;p1->show();++j;} p1=p1->next;}cout<<"年龄为19~21共"<<j<<"人"<<endl;p1=head;cout<<"年龄在16以下，21以上:"<<endl;while(p1!=NULL){ age_(p1);if(p1->get_age()<16||p1->get_age()>21){ cout<<"年龄:"<<p1->get_age()<<endl;p1->show();++k;}p1=p1->next;}cout<<"有"<<k<<"年龄在16以下，21以上"<<endl;break; default:cout<<"选择错误"<<endl; } cout<<"是否继续统计"<<endl<<"1.是 2.否"<<endl;cin>>a;if(a==1) tongji();else return;
}void message::age_(Student *pt)//年龄计算
{int age_;age_=2019-pt->get_year();//用2019-pt指向的年，得出年龄，并返回给p1 pt->set_age(age_);
}void message::shanchu()//删除
{int id1;int n;//n为判断是否按姓名查找学号和是否继续执行条件 string name1;//定义查找的名字和学号 p2=head;if(head==NULL){cout<<"这是一个空列表,请先添加学生信息"<<endl;return;}cout<<"请选择您要查找的方式:1.姓名 2.学号"<<endl;cin>>n;if(n==1){cout<<"请输入您要删除的学生姓名"<<endl;cin>>name1;if(!find1(name1))//如果find1传来的为flase，无此人 cout<<"无此人信息"<<endl;//如果未找的，会选择是否继续删除 else n=2; //重名现象，再用学号查找 }if(n==2){cout<<"请输入您要删除的学生学号:"<<endl;cin>>id1;p1=find2(id1);//将找的的数据的地址赋值给p1 if(p1){ofstream out_("删除文件2.txt",ios::app);out_<<"学号:"<<p1->get_id()<<" "<<"姓名:"<<p1->get_name()<<" "<<"性别:"<<p1->get_sex()<<" "<<"专业:"<<p1->get_spe()<<" ";out_<<"出生日期:"<<p1->get_year()<<"年"<<" "<<p1->get_month()<<"月"<<" "<<p1->get_day()<<"日"<<" ";out_<<"家庭地址:"<<p1->get_address()<<" "<<"年龄:"<<p1->get_age()<<" " ;out_<<"英语成绩:"<<p1->get_Escore()<<endl;if(p1==head)head=p1->next;else{p2->next=p1;p2->next=p1->next;}delete p1;cout<<"删除成功"<<endl;--m; } else cout<<"没有该生信息"<<endl; }if(head==NULL){cout<<endl<<"*******************************"<<endl<<"***信息已全部删除,现文件为空***"<<endl<<"*******************************"<<endl;return;}cout<<"是否继续删除?"<<endl<<"1.是 2.否"<<endl;cin>>n;if(n==1) shanchu();else return;
} void message::read()//读取
{int year,month,day;int id;string name,spe,sex,address;float Escore;head=NULL;p2=head;ifstream in1("学生信息管理2.txt",ios::in);in1>>m;if(m==0){ cout<<"*****此为空文件*****"<<endl;return;}for(int j=0;j<m;j++){p1=new Student();in1>>id>>name>>sex>>spe>>year>>month>>day>>Escore>>address;p1->set_id(id);p1->set_name(name);p1->set_sex(sex);p1->set_spe(spe);p1->set_year(year);p1->set_month(month);p1->set_day(day);p1->set_Escore(Escore);p1->set_address(address);p1->next=NULL;if(head==NULL)head=p1;elsep2->next=p1;p2=p1;p2->next=NULL;}in1.close();p2->next=NULL;cout<<"***************************************************************"<<endl<<"***上次保存信息已自动导入***"<<endl;
}void message::rank()//排序
{ if(head==NULL)//判断是否为空文件 { cout<<"这是一个空列表,请先添加学生信息"<<endl;return;}cout<<"按英语成绩排序"; Student *pend=head,*p0=new Student();//定义指针pend，并为头结点，开辟新的空间p0 p0->next=head; p1=head->next; while(p1) { Student *pt=p0->next;p2=p0; while(pt!=p1&&pt->get_Escore()>=p1->get_Escore()) { pt=pt->next; p2=p2->next; } if(pt==p1) pend=p1; else { pend->next=p1->next; p1->next=pt; p2->next=p1; } p1=pend->next;} head=p0->next;delete p0;show1();
}void message::save() //文件的保存
{ofstream out[2];//定义一个保存文件流数组out【】 out[0].open("学生信息管理1.txt",ios::out);out[1].open("学生信息管理2.txt",ios::out);for(int i=0;i<2;i++){p1=head;if(i==0)out[i]<<"共"<<m<<"名学生"<<endl;if(i==1)out[i]<<m<<endl;while(p1!=NULL){ if(i==0){out[i]<<"学号:"<<p1->get_id()<<" "<<"姓名:"<<p1->get_name()<<" "<<"性别:"<<p1->get_sex()<<" "<<"专业:"<<p1->get_spe()<<" ";out[i]<<"出生日期:"<<p1->get_year()<<"年"<<" "<<p1->get_month()<<"月"<<" "<<p1->get_day()<<"日"<<" ";out[i]<<"家庭地址:"<<p1->get_address()<<" "<<"年龄:"<<p1->get_age()<<" " ;out[i]<<"英语成绩:"<<p1->get_Escore()<<endl;p1=p1->next;}if(i==1){out[i]<<p1->get_id()<<" "<<p1->get_name()<<" "<<p1->get_sex()<<" "<<p1->get_spe()<<" ";out[i]<<p1->get_year()<<" "<<p1->get_month()<<" "<<p1->get_day()<<" ";out[i]<<p1->get_Escore()<<endl<<p1->get_address()<<endl;p1=p1->next;} }}out[0].close();out[1].close();cout<<"保存成功"<<endl<<"***信息已保存于学生信息管理1中***"<<endl;
} void menu()//菜单
{system("date/t");//返回当前系统时间system("time/t");//显示系统时间cout<<"******************************************"<<endl;cout<<"1. 新增学生信息"<<endl; cout<<"2. 删除学生信息"<<endl; cout<<"3. 导入学生信息"<<endl;cout<<"4. 学生信息搜索"<<endl;cout<<"5. 学生信息统计"<<endl;cout<<"6. 按英语成绩排序"<<endl;cout<<"7. 浏览学生信息"<<endl; cout<<"8. 保存学生信息"<<endl;cout<<"9. 修改学生信息"<<endl; cout<<"0. 退出"<<endl;cout<<"******************************************"<<endl;}void Mima()
{cout<<"___________________________________________________________"<<endl;cout<<"|*****************欢迎使用学生成绩管理系统****************|"<<endl;cout<<"|---------------------------------------------------------|"<<endl; system("color 3"); //调用 color函数可以改变控制台的前景色和背景色 // 其中color后面的数字是背景色代号 ，大写字母是前景色代号int i=3;char num[20];char num1[20]; char user[20];char user1[20];char mima[20];char mima1[20];char mima2[20];FILE *fp; //定义一个指向文件的指针变量 char ch;do{cout<<"1.登录"<<endl;cout<<"2.注册"<<endl; cout<<"3.修改密码"<<endl;cout<<"4.忘记密码"<<endl;cout<<"0.退出"<<endl;cout<<"请输入你要选择的功能0~3 : "<<endl;cin>>ch;cin.clear(); //清空缓冲区 switch(ch){case '1': //将fopen函数的返回值赋给指针变量fp if((fp=fopen("mima.txt","r"))==NULL) //第一次登录时先创建账号 {fclose(fp); //把指向fp的文件关闭，此后fp不在指向该文件 cout<<"请先注册账号"<<endl;Mima(); }else //第二次登陆时直接用密码账号登录即可 {fp=fopen("mima.txt","r"); //打开文件 fscanf(fp,"%s %s",user,mima); // 从磁盘文件上读入ASCLL字符 while(1){cout<<"请输入用户名:"<<endl;cin>>user1;if(strcmp(user,user1)!=0){cout<<"用户名错误！！请重新输入！！"<<endl;}else{break;}}cout<<"请输入密码:"<<endl;while(1){cin>>mima1;if(strcmp(mima,mima1)!=0){cout<<"密码错误！请重新输入密码:"<<endl;if(i==1){exit(0); //三次密码输入错误后直接结束该程序 }i--;}else{break;}} } fclose(fp); //关闭文件 break;case '2':fp=fopen("mima.txt","w");cout<<"请创建用户:"<<endl;cin>>user;while(1){cout<<"请输入密码"<<endl;cin>>mima; cout<<"请从新输入密码"<<endl;cin>>mima1;if(strcmp(mima,mima1)!=0){cout<<"密码错误!"<<endl;}else{cout<<"请输入你的联系方式:(方便找回账号)"<<endl; cin>>num;cout<<"创建成功!!"<<endl;break;} }fprintf(fp,"%s %s %s",user,mima,num);// 将用户名和密码和号码输出到磁盘文件上 fclose(fp);//关闭文件 break; case '3':fp=fopen("mima.txt","r");fscanf(fp,"%s %s %s",user,mima,num);fclose(fp);cout<<"请输入用户名:"<<endl;while(1){cin>>user1;if(strcmp(user,user1)!=0){cout<<"用户名错误！请重新输入用户名:"<<endl;}else{break;}} cout<<"请输入原密码:"<<endl;while(1){cin>>mima1;if(strcmp(mima,mima1)!=0){cout<<"密码错误!请重新输入密码:"; }else{break;}}cout<<"请输入新的密码:"<<endl;cin>>mima1;cout<<"请确认密码:";while(1){cin>>mima2;if(strcmp(mima1,mima2)!=0){cout<<"密码错误！请重新输入密码:";}else{strcpy(mima,mima1); //修改密码成功后用新密码覆盖原密码 cout<<"修改成功!!"<<endl;fp=fopen("mima.txt","w");fprintf(fp,"%s %s %s",user,mima,num); //然后重新输出到磁盘文件上 fclose(fp);break;} }break; case '4':fp=fopen("mima.txt","r");fscanf(fp,"%s %s %s",user,mima,num);fclose(fp);cout<<"请输入用户名:"<<endl;while(1){scanf("%s",user1);if(strcmp(user,user1)!=0){cout<<"用户名错误！请重新输入用户名:"<<endl;}else{break;}}cout<<"请输入联系方式:"<<endl;while(1){cin>>num1;if(strcmp(num,num1)!=0){cout<<"联系方式错误，请重新输入:"; }else{break;}}cout<<"请输入新的密码:"<<endl;cin>>mima1;cout<<"请确认密码:";while(1){cin>>mima2;if(strcmp(mima1,mima2)!=0){cout<<"密码错误！请重新输入密码:";}else{strcpy(mima,mima1); //修改密码成功后用新密码覆盖原密码 cout<<"修改成功!!"<<endl;fp=fopen("mima.txt","w");fprintf(fp,"%s %s %s",user,mima,num); //然后重新输出到磁盘文件上 fclose(fp);break;}}break;case '0':cout<<endl<<"即将退出程序!"<<endl;exit(0); //结束程序 default :system("CLS"); //清屏 cout<<"输入错误！请重新输入！"<<endl;Mima(); //当输入的不是指定的三个数时重新跳转本页面 }}while(ch==1||ch==0);system("CLS"); //执行完后实现清屏操作
}
int main()
{ message s;int i;Mima();do{ menu();cin>>i;system("cls");switch(i){case 1:system("cls");s.add();break;case 2:system("cls");s.shanchu();break;case 3:system("cls");s.read();break;case 4:system("cls");s.search();break;case 5:system("cls");s.tongji();break; case 6:system("cls");s.rank();break;case 7:system("cls");s.show1();break; case 8:system("cls");s.save();break;case 9:system("cls");s.revision();break;case 0:cout<<"感谢你的使用！"<<endl;system("pause");return 0;default:cout<<"选择错误，请重新输入"<<endl;system("cls"); }}while(i!=0);system("pause");return 0;
}
)
 用数组实现增删查改排序)
