一、fdisk命令中参数介绍：
1.查看硬盘使用情形#fdisk -l 观察硬盘之实体使用情形
2.fdisk /dev/sda，进入硬盘分割模式1. 输入 m 显示所有命令列示。
2. 输入 p 显示硬盘分割情形。
3. 输入 a 设定硬盘启动区。
4. 输入 n 设定新的硬盘分割区。
4.1. 输入 e 硬盘为[延伸]分割区(extend)。
4.2. 输入 p 硬盘为[主要]分割区(primary)。
5. 输入 t 改变硬盘分割区属性。
6. 输入 d 删除硬盘分割区属性。
7. 输入 q 结束不存入硬盘分割区属性。
8. 输入 w 结束并写入硬盘分割区属性
二、实战将/dev/sdd整个磁盘划成一个分区[root@db01 ~]# fdisk/dev/sdd
Command(m for help): p ###查看分区信息
Disk /dev/sdd: 1073MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size(logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size(minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier:0x0814ae42
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command(m for help): n ###创建分区
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p ###创建主分区
Partition number (1-4): 1 ###分区号为1
First cylinder (1-130, default 1): ###柱面默认为1
Using default value1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-130, default 130): ###柱面默认为最大130 (即使用全部剩余空间)
Using default value130
Command(m for help): w ###按照以上分区信息写入磁盘
The partition tablehas been altered!
三、实战删除整个分区Command(m for help):p ###查看分区信息
Disk /dev/sdd: 1073MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size(logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size(minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier:0x0814ae42
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdd1 1 130 1044193+ 83 Linux
Command(m for help): d ###删除分区
Selectedpartition1 ###只有一个分区时，默认删除
Command(m for help): w ###按照以上分区信息写入磁盘
The partition tablehas been altered!
Calling ioctl() tore-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
四、实战创建两个分区，分区一200M，分区二800M[root@db01 ~]# fdisk/dev/sdd
WARNING:DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') andchange display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command(m for help): n ###创建分区
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p ###创建主分区
Partition number (1-4): 1 ###分区号为1
First cylinder (1-130, default 1): ###柱面默认为1
Using default value1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-130, default 130):+200M ###该分区分配200M空间
Command(m for help): n ###创建分区
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p ###创建主分区
Partition number (1-4): 2 ###分区号为2
First cylinder (27-130, default 27): ###柱面默认为27
Using default value27
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (27-130, default130): ###柱面默认为最大130(即使用全部剩余空间)
Using default value130
Command (m forhelp): p
Disk /dev/sdd: 1073MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size(logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size(minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier:0x0814ae42
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdd1 1 26 208813+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdd2 27 130 835380 83 Linux
Command(m for help): w ###按照以上分区信息写入磁盘
The partition tablehas been altered!
五、实战创建主分区、扩展分区、逻辑分区案例[root@db01 ~]# fdisk/dev/sdd
WARNING:DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') andchange display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command(m for help): n ###创建分区
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p ###创建主分区
Partition number (1-4): 1 ###分区号为1
First cylinder (1-130, default 1): ###柱面默认为1
Using default value1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-130, default 130):+200M ###该分区分配200M空间
Command(m for help): n ###创建分区
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e ###创建扩展分区
Partition number (1-4): 2 ###分区号为2
First cylinder (27-130, default 27): ###柱面默认为27
Using default value27
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (27-130, default130): ###柱面默认为最大130 (即使用全部剩余空间)扩展分区必须是剩余全部空间
Using default value130
Command(m for help): n ###创建分区
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l ###创建逻辑分区
First cylinder (27-130, default 27): ###柱面默认为27
Using default value27
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (27-130, default 130):+200M ###该分区分配200M空间
Command(m for help): n ###创建分区
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l ###创建逻辑分区
First cylinder (53-130, default 53): ###柱面默认为53
Using default value53
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (53-130, default 130):+200M ###该分区分配200M空间
Command(m for help): n ###创建分区
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l ###创建逻辑分区
First cylinder (79-130, default 79): ###柱面默认为79
Using default value79
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (79-130, default130): ###柱面默认为最大130(即使用全部剩余空间)
Using default value130
Command (m forhelp): p
Disk /dev/sdd: 1073MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size(logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size(minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier:0x0814ae42
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdd1 1 26 208813+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdd2 27 130 835380 5 Extended
/dev/sdd5 27 52 208813+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdd6 53 78 208813+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdd7 79 130 417658+ 83 Linux
Command(m for help):w ###按照以上分区信息写入磁盘
六、使用单个分区的方式进行格式化分区
1.查看分区详情，确认改变分区表，以免重启电脑了。[root@db01 ~]# fdisk-l /dev/sdd #查看分区详情
Disk /dev/sdd: 1073MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size(logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size(minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier:0x0814ae42
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdd1 1 130 1044193+ 83 Linux
[root@db01~]# partprobe /dev/sdd #确认分区表的改变将分区信息写入磁盘
[root@db01 ~]# ls-lsa /dev/sdd*
0 brw-rw----. 1 rootdisk 8, 48 Nov 21 11:02 /dev/sdd
0 brw-rw----. 1 rootdisk 8, 49 Nov 21 11:02 /dev/sdd1
2.格式化分区
2.1 mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdd1 (这种方法不方便，不推荐使用)
2.2 mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdd1 (推荐这种)[root@db01 ~]#mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdd1
mke2fs 1.41.12(17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096(log=2)
Fragment size=4096(log=2)
Stride=0 blocks,Stripe width=0 blocks
65280 inodes, 261048blocks
13052 blocks (5.00%)reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystemblocks=268435456
8 block groups
32768 blocks pergroup, 32768 fragments per group
8160 inodes pergroup
Superblock backupsstored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376
Writing inodetables: done
Creating journal(4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocksand filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem willbe automatically checked every 34 mounts or
180 days, whichevercomes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i tooverride.
七、挂载分区[root@db01 ~]# mkdir/alexpeng
[root@db01 ~]# mount/dev/sdd1 /alexpeng
[root@db01 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 45G 4.4G 39G 11% /
tmpfs 1004M 0 1004M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 485M 39M 421M 9% /boot
/dev/sdb2 79G 184M 75G 1% /oracle
/dev/sdb1 20G 172M 19G 1% /soft
/dev/sdd1 1004M 18M 936M 2% /alexpeng
八、配置开启自动挂载分区[root@db01 /]# vi/etc/fstab
UUID=3e8b0960-23d2-48f3-8661-3f24ce85e9e6/ ext4 defaults 1 1
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
/dev/sdd1 /alexpeng ext4 defaults 0 0
测试配置是否正确
[root@db01 /]#umount /alexpeng/
[root@db01 /]# mount/alexpeng/
如果不正确出现以下信息：
[root@db01 /]# mount/alexpeng/
mount: can't find/alexpeng/ in /etc/fstab or /etc/mtab
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