44.Android之Shape设置虚线、圆角和渐变学习

Shape在Android中设定各种形状，今天记录下，由于比较简单直接贴代码。

Shape子属性简单说明一下:　　
gradient -- 对应颜色渐变。 startcolor、endcolor就不多说了。 android:angle是指从哪个角度开始变.
solid -- 填充。
stroke -- 描边。
corners -- 圆角。
padding -- 定义内容离边界的距离。与android:padding_left、android:padding_right这些是一个道理.

activity_main.xml

  1 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  2     xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
  3     android:layout_width="match_parent"
  4     android:layout_height="match_parent"
  5     android:background="#fff"
  6     android:orientation="vertical" >
  7 
  8     <RelativeLayout 
  9         android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
 10         android:layout_height="45dip"
 11         android:background="@drawable/title_back">
 12         <TextView 
 13             android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
 14             android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 15             android:textSize="20sp" 
 16             android:textColor="#000"
 17             android:layout_centerInParent="true"
 18             android:text="线条样式"/>
 19     </RelativeLayout>
 20     
 21     <TextView 
 22          android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
 23          android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 24          android:textSize="16sp" 
 25          android:textColor="#333"
 26          android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
 27          android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
 28          android:layout_marginBottom="5dp"
 29          android:layout_centerInParent="true"
 30          android:text="虚线样式1"/>
 31     <!-- 虚线1 -->
 32        <LinearLayout 
 33         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 34         android:layout_height="2dp"
 35         android:background="@drawable/dotted_line"
 36         android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
 37         android:layout_marginRight="10dp"/>
 38        
 39     <TextView 
 40          android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
 41          android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 42          android:textSize="16sp" 
 43          android:textColor="#333"
 44          android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
 45          android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
 46          android:layout_marginBottom="5dp"
 47          android:layout_centerInParent="true"
 48          android:text="虚线样式2"/>
 49     <!-- 虚线2 -->
 50        <LinearLayout 
 51         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 52         android:layout_height="2dp"
 53         android:background="@drawable/dotted_line_2"
 54         android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
 55         android:layout_marginRight="10dp"/>
 56        
 57     <!-- 实线圆角框 -->
 58        <LinearLayout 
 59         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 60         android:layout_height="45dp"
 61         android:background="@drawable/rect_gray"
 62         android:gravity="center"
 63         android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
 64         android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
 65         android:layout_marginRight="10dp">
 66         <TextView 
 67              android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
 68              android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 69              android:textSize="17sp" 
 70              android:textColor="#333"
 71              android:text="实线圆角框"/>
 72     </LinearLayout>
 73     <!-- 虚线圆角框 -->
 74        <LinearLayout 
 75         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 76         android:layout_height="45dp"
 77         android:background="@drawable/rect_gray_2"
 78         android:gravity="center"
 79         android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
 80         android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
 81         android:layout_marginRight="10dp">
 82         <TextView 
 83              android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
 84              android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 85              android:textSize="17sp" 
 86              android:textColor="#333"
 87              android:text="虚线圆角框"/>
 88     </LinearLayout>
 89     <!-- 漸變圆角框 -->
 90        <LinearLayout 
 91         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 92         android:layout_height="45dp"
 93         android:background="@drawable/rect_gray_3"
 94         android:gravity="center"
 95         android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
 96         android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
 97         android:layout_marginRight="10dp">
 98         <TextView 
 99              android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
100              android:layout_height="wrap_content"
101              android:textSize="17sp" 
102              android:textColor="#fff"
103              android:text="漸變+部分圆角框"/>
104     </LinearLayout>
105        <LinearLayout 
106         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
107         android:layout_height="45dp"
108         style="@style/list_item_top"
109         android:gravity="center"
110         android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
111         android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
112         android:layout_marginRight="10dp">
113         <TextView 
114              android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
115              android:layout_height="wrap_content"
116              android:textSize="17sp" 
117              android:textColor="#333"
118              android:text="部分圆角框+点击效果"/>
119     </LinearLayout>
120        <LinearLayout 
121         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
122         android:layout_height="45dp"
123         style="@style/list_item_middle"
124         android:gravity="center"
125         android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
126         android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
127         android:layout_marginRight="10dp">
128         <TextView 
129              android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
130              android:layout_height="wrap_content"
131              android:textSize="17sp" 
132              android:textColor="#333"
133              android:text="部分圆角框+点击效果"/>
134     </LinearLayout>
135        <LinearLayout 
136         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
137         android:layout_height="45dp"
138         style="@style/list_item_bottom"
139         android:gravity="center"
140         android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
141         android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
142         android:layout_marginRight="10dp">
143         <TextView 
144              android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
145              android:layout_height="wrap_content"
146              android:textSize="17sp" 
147              android:textColor="#333"
148              android:text="部分圆角框+点击效果"/>
149     </LinearLayout>
150         
151 
152 </LinearLayout>

styles.xml文件一些添加：

 1 <resources>
 2 
 3     <!--
 4         Base application theme, dependent on API level. This theme is replaced
 5         by AppBaseTheme from res/values-vXX/styles.xml on newer devices.
 6     -->
 7     <style name="AppBaseTheme" parent="android:Theme.Light">
 8         <!--
 9             Theme customizations available in newer API levels can go in
10             res/values-vXX/styles.xml, while customizations related to
11             backward-compatibility can go here.
12         -->
13     </style>
14 
15     <!-- Application theme. -->
16     <style name="AppTheme" parent="AppBaseTheme">
17         <!-- All customizations that are NOT specific to a particular API-level can go here. -->
18     </style>
19     
20      <style name="list_item_top">
21         <item name="android:clickable">true</item>
22         <item name="android:focusable">true</item>
23         <item name="android:paddingTop">10dip</item>
24         <item name="android:paddingBottom">10dip</item>
25         <item name="android:paddingLeft">10dip</item>
26         <item name="android:paddingRight">10dip</item>
27         <item name="android:gravity">center_vertical</item>
28         <item name="android:background">@drawable/background_view_rounded_top</item>
29     </style>
30     <style name="list_item_middle">
31         <item name="android:clickable">true</item>
32         <item name="android:paddingTop">10dip</item>
33         <item name="android:paddingBottom">10dip</item>
34         <item name="android:paddingLeft">10dip</item>
35         <item name="android:paddingRight">10dip</item>
36         <item name="android:gravity">center_vertical</item>
37         <item name="android:background">@drawable/background_view_rounded_middle</item>
38     </style>
39 
40     <style name="list_item_bottom">
41         <item name="android:clickable">true</item>
42         <item name="android:paddingTop">10dip</item>
43         <item name="android:paddingBottom">10dip</item>
44         <item name="android:paddingLeft">10dip</item>
45         <item name="android:paddingRight">10dip</item>
46         <item name="android:gravity">center_vertical</item>
47         <item name="android:background">@drawable/background_view_rounded_bottom</item>
48     </style>
49     
50     <style name="list_item_single">
51         <item name="android:clickable">true</item>
52         <item name="android:paddingTop">10dip</item>
53         <item name="android:paddingBottom">10dip</item>
54         <item name="android:paddingLeft">10dip</item>
55         <item name="android:paddingRight">10dip</item>
56         <item name="android:gravity">center_vertical</item>
57         <item name="android:background">@drawable/background_view_rounded_single</item>
58     </style>
59 
60 </resources>

color.xml:

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 2 <resources>
 3     
 4     <!-- LIST BORDER COLOR -->
 5     <color name="rounded_container_border">#ffb7babb</color>
 6 
 7     <!-- ITEM BACKGROUND COLOR - STATE - DEFAULT -->
 8     <color name="base_start_color_default">#FFFFFF</color>
 9     <color name="base_end_color_default">#FFFFFF</color>
10         
11     <!-- ITEM BACKGROUND COLOR - STATE - PRESSED -->
12     <color name="base_start_color_pressed">#fffcfcfc</color>
13     <color name="base_end_color_pressed">#ffd7d7d7</color>
14     
15     <!-- ITEM TEXT COLORS - STATES - PRESSED AND DEFAULT -->
16     <color name="text_color_default">#000000</color>
17     <color name="text_color_pressed">#ffffff</color>
18     
19 </resources>

加入drawable资源文件，如图：

具体代码如下：

1.background_view_rounded_bottom.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <inset xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 3     android:insetLeft="1.0px"
 4     android:insetRight="1.0px" >
 5 
 6     <selector>
 7         <item android:state_pressed="true">
 8             <shape>
 9                 <gradient
10                     android:angle="270.0"
11                     android:endColor="@color/base_end_color_pressed"
12                     android:startColor="@color/base_start_color_pressed" />
13 
14                 <corners
15                     android:bottomLeftRadius="10.0dip"
16                     android:bottomRightRadius="10.0dip"
17                     android:radius="2.0dip"
18                     android:topLeftRadius="0.0dip"
19                     android:topRightRadius="0.0dip" />
20                 <stroke 
21                     android:width="1dp" 
22                     android:color="#eededede" />
23             </shape>
24         </item>
25         <item>
26             <shape>
27                 <gradient
28                     android:angle="270.0"
29                     android:endColor="@color/base_end_color_default"
30                     android:startColor="@color/base_start_color_default" />
31 
32                 <corners
33                     android:bottomLeftRadius="11.0dip"
34                     android:bottomRightRadius="11.0dip"
35                     android:radius="2.0dip"
36                     android:topLeftRadius="0.0dip"
37                     android:topRightRadius="0.0dip" />
38                 <stroke 
39                     android:width="1dp" 
40                     android:color="#eededede" />
41             </shape>
42         </item>
43     </selector>
44 
45 </inset>

2.background_view_rounded_middle.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <inset xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 3     android:insetBottom="0.0px"
 4     android:insetLeft="1.0px"
 5     android:insetRight="1.0px" >
 6 
 7     <selector>
 8         <item android:state_pressed="true">
 9             <shape>
10                 <gradient
11                     android:angle="270.0"
12                     android:endColor="@color/base_end_color_pressed"
13                     android:startColor="@color/base_start_color_pressed" />
14 
15                 <corners android:radius="0.0dip" />
16                 
17                 <stroke 
18                     android:width="1dp" 
19                     android:color="#eededede" />
20             </shape>
21         </item>
22         <item>
23             <shape>
24                 <gradient
25                     android:angle="270.0"
26                     android:endColor="@color/base_end_color_default"
27                     android:startColor="@color/base_start_color_default" />
28 
29                 <corners android:radius="0.0dip" />
30                 
31                 <stroke 
32                     android:width="1dp" 
33                     android:color="#eededede" />
34             </shape>
35         </item>
36     </selector>
37 
38 </inset>

3.background_view_rounded_single.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <inset xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 3     android:insetBottom="1.0px"
 4     android:insetLeft="1.0px"
 5     android:insetRight="1.0px"
 6     android:insetTop="0.0px" >
 7 
 8     <selector>
 9         <item android:state_pressed="true">
10             <shape>
11                 <gradient
12                     android:angle="270.0"
13                     android:endColor="@color/base_end_color_pressed"
14                     android:startColor="@color/base_start_color_pressed" />
15 
16                 <corners android:radius="11.0dip" />
17             </shape>
18         </item>
19         <item>
20             <shape>
21                 <stroke
22                     android:width="1.0px"
23                     android:color="@color/rounded_container_border" />
24 
25                 <gradient
26                     android:angle="270.0"
27                     android:endColor="@color/base_end_color_default"
28                     android:startColor="@color/base_start_color_default" />
29 
30                 <corners android:radius="10.0dip" />
31             </shape>
32         </item>
33     </selector>
34 
35 </inset>

4.background_view_rounded_top.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <inset xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 3     android:insetLeft="1.0px"
 4     android:insetRight="1.0px" >
 5 
 6     <selector>
 7         <item android:state_pressed="true">
 8             <shape>
 9                 <gradient
10                     android:angle="270.0"
11                     android:endColor="@color/base_end_color_pressed"
12                     android:startColor="@color/base_start_color_pressed" />
13 
14                 <corners
15                     android:bottomLeftRadius="0.0dip"
16                     android:bottomRightRadius="0.0dip"
17                     android:radius="2.0dip"
18                     android:topLeftRadius="10.0dip"
19                     android:topRightRadius="10.0dip" />
20                 
21                 <stroke 
22                     android:width="1dp" 
23                     android:color="#eededede" />
24             </shape>
25         </item>
26         <item>
27             <shape>
28                 <gradient
29                     android:angle="270.0"
30                     android:endColor="@color/base_end_color_default"
31                     android:startColor="@color/base_start_color_default" />
32 
33                 <corners
34                     android:bottomLeftRadius="0.0dip"
35                     android:bottomRightRadius="0.0dip"
36                     android:radius="2.0dip"
37                     android:topLeftRadius="11.0dip"
38                     android:topRightRadius="11.0dip" />
39                 
40                 <stroke 
41                     android:width="1dp" 
42                     android:color="#eededede" />
43             </shape>
44         </item>
45     </selector>
46 
47 </inset>

5.dotted_line_2.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 2 <shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 3     android:shape="line" >
 4     <!--显示一条虚线，破折线的宽度为dashWith，破折线之间的空隙的宽度为dashGap，当dashGap=0dp时，为实线 -->
 5     <stroke
 6         android:dashGap="7dp"
 7         android:dashWidth="3dp"
 8         android:width="1dp"
 9         android:color="#63a219" />
10     <!-- 虚线的高度 -->
11     <size android:height="1dp" />
12 </shape>

6.dotted_line.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 2 <shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 3     android:shape="line" >
 4     <!--显示一条虚线，破折线的宽度为dashWith，破折线之间的空隙的宽度为dashGap，当dashGap=0dp时，为实线 -->
 5     <stroke
 6         android:dashGap="3dp"
 7         android:dashWidth="6dp"
 8         android:width="1dp"
 9         android:color="#63a219" />
10     <!-- 虚线的高度 -->
11     <size android:height="1dp" />
12 </shape>

7.rect_gray_2.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 2 <shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
 3     android:shape="rectangle">
 4     <!-- 填充颜色 -->
 5     <solid android:color="#FFFFFF"></solid>
 6    
 7     <!-- 线的宽度，颜色灰色 -->
 8     <stroke android:width="1dp" android:color="#63a219" android:dashGap="3dp" android:dashWidth="6dp"></stroke>        
 9    
10     <!-- 矩形的圆角半径 -->
11     <corners android:radius="10dp" />       
12             
13 </shape>

8.rect_gray_3.xml

 1 <shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
 2     android:shape="rectangle">
 3     <!--分別對應上面左圆角的半径，上面右圆角的半径，下面左圆角的半径，下面右圆角的半径-->
 4     <corners  
 5           android:topLeftRadius="0dp"
 6           android:topRightRadius="7dp"
 7           android:bottomLeftRadius="0dp"
 8           android:bottomRightRadius="7dp"/>
 9     <!--設置漸變-->
10     <gradient android:startColor="#9cff00" 
11           android:endColor="#197600"
12           android:angle="270"/>
13     <stroke   
14         android:width="1dp" 
15         android:color="#63a219" /> 
16 </shape>

9.rect_gray.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:shape="rectangle"><!-- 填充颜色 --><solid android:color="#FFFFFF"></solid><!-- 线的宽度，颜色灰色 --><stroke android:width="1dp" android:color="#63a219"></stroke>        <!-- 矩形的圆角半径 --><corners android:radius="10dp" />       
</shape>

10.title_back.9.png

运行我们发现虚线1和虚线2没有看到虚线效果，这是因为从android3.0开始安卓关闭了硬件加速功能，所以就不能显示了，解决方法在 AndroidManifest.xml，或者是在activity中把硬件加速的功能关掉就可以了。我采用第一种方法改下AndroidMainfest.xml, 设置下android:hardwareAccelerated="false"，如图：