1.使用oracle账号连接数据库，查看v$asm_diskgroup
2.使用grid账号连接ASM实例，查看v$asm_diskgroup
3.官方v$asm_diskgroup关于state的解释
https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/19/refrn/V-ASM_DISKGROUP.html#GUID-5CF77719-75BE-4312-84A3-49A7C6A20393
CONNECTED - Disk group is in use by the database instance
BROKEN - Database instance lost connectivity to the Oracle ASM instance that mounted the disk group
UNKNOWN - Oracle ASM instance has never attempted to mount the disk group
DISMOUNTED - Disk group was cleanly dismounted by the Oracle ASM instance following a successful mount
MOUNTED - Instance is successfully serving the disk group to its database clients
QUIESCING - CRSCTL utility attempted to dismount a disk group that contains the Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR). The disk group cannot be dismounted until Cluster Ready Services (CRS) exits, because the disk group contains the OCR.
v$asm_diskgroup还有个额外的说明：
