Python学习---django知识补充之CBV

Django知识补充之CBV

Django:

url --> def函数 FBV[function based view] 用函数和URL进行匹配

url --> 类 CBV[function based view] 用类和URL进行匹配

POSTMAN插件

http://blog.csdn.net/zzy1078689276/article/details/77528249

基于CBV的登录实例：

settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [...'app01',   # 注册app
]
STATICFILES_DIRS = (os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "statics"),)  # 现添加的配置,这里是元组，注意逗号
TEMPLATES = [...'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
]

urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [# 基于CBV的登录# url(r'^login.html/', views.login),  # 原来基于函数url(r'^login.html/', views.Login.as_view()), # 现在基于类名.as_view()
]

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from app01 import models
# 基于CBV的登录,需要导入views
from django import views
class Login(views.View):# http_method_names = ['get', 'post', 'put', 'patch', 'delete', 'head', 'options', 'trace']def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):print(request.method, 'GGGGGGGGGGGG')message = ''return render(request, 'login.html', {'message': message})  # 这里是网页htmldef post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):print(request.method, 'OOOOOOOOOOOOO')username = request.POST.get("user")password = request.POST.get("pass")print('username: %s, password:%s' % (username, password))# obj = models.Administrator.objects.filter(username=username, password=password).count()# if obj:   从数据库内取出数据，进行判断也可以if username == 'root' and password == 'root':req = redirect('/index.html/')  # 接收redirect对象，# 这里是浏览器路径，伪静态# req.set_cookie('username', username, max_age=10)  # 设置超时时间10simport datetimetimeout = datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(seconds=10)req.set_cookie('username', username, max_age=10, expires=timeout)# IE设置超时时间10sreturn req# return redirect('/index.html') # 与上面3行同，只是添加了Cookieelse:message = '用户名或密码错误'return render(request, 'login.html', {'message': message})  # 这里是网页html

templates/login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>{# 伪静态#}<form action="/login.html/" method="post">{% csrf_token %}   {# 为跨站请求 #}<div><label for="user">用户名</label><input id="user" name="user" type="text"></div><div><label for="pass">密&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;码</label><input id="pass" name="pass" type="password"></div><div><label></label><input value="登录" type="submit"><span style="color: red">{{ message }}</span></div></form>
</body>
</html>

templates/index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8">
</head>
<body><h2>hello, {{ username }}</h2>
</body>
</html>

页面显示:

CBV基于装饰器的使用<一> ---基于Python旧方法

CBV基于装饰器的使用<一> ---基于Python旧方法

装饰器：函数执行之前/后可以增加扩展功能
有多个方法的时候，必须给每个方法添加装饰器哈

CBV的反射原理

单一装饰器

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from app01 import models
# 基于CBV的登录,需要导入views
from django import views
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator  # 导入装饰器
# 基于CBV的装饰器的使用
def outer(func):def inner(request, *args, **kwargs):print(request.method)return func(request, *args, **kwargs)return innerclass Login(views.View):# http_method_names = ['get', 'post', 'put', 'patch', 'delete', 'head', 'options', 'trace']@method_decorator(outer)def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):message = ''return render(request, 'login.html', {'message': message})  # 这里是网页html@method_decorator(outer)def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):username = request.POST.get("user")password = request.POST.get("pass")print('username: %s, password:%s' % (username, password))# obj = models.Administrator.objects.filter(username=username, password=password).count()# if obj:   从数据库内取出数据，进行判断也可以if username == 'root' and password == 'root':req = redirect('/index.html/')  # 接收redirect对象，# 这里是浏览器路径，伪静态# req.set_cookie('username', username, max_age=10)  # 设置超时时间10simport datetimetimeout = datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(seconds=10)req.set_cookie('username', username, max_age=10, expires=timeout)# IE设置超时时间10sreturn req# return redirect('/index.html') # 与上面3行同，只是添加了Cookieelse:message = '用户名或密码错误'return render(request, 'login.html', {'message': message})  # 这里是网页html

CBV基于装饰器的使用<二> --基于Django的dispatch[多个装饰器]

CBV基于装饰器的使用<二> --基于Django的dispatch[多个装饰器]

如果对某一种请求做处理：单一装饰器

如果对所有的请求做处理： dispatch单一装饰器

添加装饰器有2中方法:

1.类上添加
2.方法上添加

自定义转发dispatch函数

from django import views
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator  # 导入装饰器
class Login(views.View):# http_method_names = ['get', 'post', 'put', 'patch', 'delete', 'head', 'options', 'trace']# 自定义转发器，URL进来都在此处进行URL转发，我们可以有一些预操作[函数验证可以放此处]def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):print('自定义dispatch: 前')# if request.method == 'POST':# return HttpResponse("Good Bye")    # 预操作处理# 请求先到Login的dispatch，然后调用父类的dispatch，返回结果给了objobj = super(Login, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)  # 自定义转发且调用父类dispatch# 将父类的返回结果返回给界面，否则界面报错print('自定义dispatch: 后')return objdef get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):message = ''return render(request, 'login.html', {'message': message})  # 这里是网页html...同上