[蓝桥杯2018初赛]字母阵列-单向dfs

题目描述
仔细寻找，会发现：在下面的8x8的方阵中，隐藏着字母序列：“LANQIAO”。

SLANQIAO
ZOEXCCGB
MOAYWKHI
BCCIPLJQ
SLANQIAO
RSFWFNYA
XIFZVWAL
COAIQNAL

我们约定: 序列可以水平，垂直，或者是斜向；
并且走向不限（实际上就是有一共8种方向）。
上图中一共有4个满足要求的串。
下面有一个更大的（100x100）的字母方阵。
你能算出其中隐藏了多少个“LANQIAO”吗？

输入

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输出
输出一个整数表示答案

解题思路：
显然是dfs
要注意的是这题dfs的方向是不能改变的，因为序列的方向固定，
意思是如果一开始是向右走的，那么之后也都要向右走，dfs的过程记录一下方向就行了。
枚举每个点作为起点dfs即可。

代码如下：

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
string str = "LANQIAO";
const int N = 110;
char g[N][N];
int cnt;int dx[] = {0, 0, 1, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1}, dy[] = {1, -1, 0, 0, 1, -1, 1, -1};void dfs(int x, int y, int head, int dir) {if (g[x][y] != str[head])return ;if (head == str.length() - 1) {cnt++;return ;}int xx = x + dx[dir], yy = y + dy[dir];if (xx < 0 || xx >= 100 || yy < 0 || yy >= 100)return ;dfs(xx, yy, head + 1, dir);}int main() {for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)for (int j = 0; j < 100; j++)cin >> g[i][j];for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)for (int j = 0; j < 100; j++)for (int k = 0; k < 8; k++) {if (g[i][j] == 'L')dfs(i, j, 0, k);}cout << cnt << endl;//cout<<41<<endl;return 0;
}