Java发送邮件(带附件)

实现java发送邮件的过程大体有以下几步：

准备一个properties文件，该文件中存放SMTP服务器地址等参数。
利用properties创建一个Session对象
利用Session创建Message对象，然后设置邮件主题和正文
利用Transport对象发送邮件

需要的jar有2个：activation.jar和mail.jar

直接看个demo代码

#----------------这两个是构建session必须的字段----------
#smtp服务器
mail.smtp.host=smtp.qq.com
#身份验证
mail.smtp.auth=true
#--------------------------------------------------------------#发送者的邮箱用户名
mail.sender.username=xxx@xx.com
#发送者的邮箱密码
mail.sender.password=xxxxxxxxxxMailServer.properties

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下面是发送邮件的java代码

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;public class JavaMail {/*** Message对象将存储我们实际发送的电子邮件信息，* Message对象被作为一个MimeMessage对象来创建并且需要知道应当选择哪一个JavaMail session。*/private MimeMessage message;/*** Session类代表JavaMail中的一个邮件会话。* 每一个基于JavaMail的应用程序至少有一个Session（可以有任意多的Session）。* * JavaMail需要Properties来创建一个session对象。* 寻找"mail.smtp.host"    属性值就是发送邮件的主机* 寻找"mail.smtp.auth"    身份验证，目前免费邮件服务器都需要这一项*/private Session session;/**** 邮件是既可以被发送也可以被受到。JavaMail使用了两个不同的类来完成这两个功能：Transport 和 Store。 * Transport 是用来发送信息的，而Store用来收信。对于这的教程我们只需要用到Transport对象。*/private Transport transport;private String mailHost="";private String sender_username="";private String sender_password="";private Properties properties = new Properties();/** 初始化方法*/public JavaMail(boolean debug) {InputStream in = JavaMail.class.getResourceAsStream("MailServer.properties");try {properties.load(in);this.mailHost = properties.getProperty("mail.smtp.host");this.sender_username = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.username");this.sender_password = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.password");} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}session = Session.getInstance(properties);session.setDebug(debug);//开启后有调试信息message = new MimeMessage(session);}/*** 发送邮件* * @param subject*            邮件主题* @param sendHtml*            邮件内容* @param receiveUser*            收件人地址*/public void doSendHtmlEmail(String subject, String sendHtml,String receiveUser) {try {// 发件人//InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(sender_username);// 下面这个是设置发送人的Nick nameInternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(MimeUtility.encodeWord("幻影")+" <"+sender_username+">");message.setFrom(from);// 收件人InternetAddress to = new InternetAddress(receiveUser);message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);//还可以有CC、BCC// 邮件主题
            message.setSubject(subject);String content = sendHtml.toString();// 邮件内容,也可以使纯文本"text/plain"message.setContent(content, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");// 保存邮件
            message.saveChanges();transport = session.getTransport("smtp");// smtp验证，就是你用来发邮件的邮箱用户名密码
            transport.connect(mailHost, sender_username, sender_password);// 发送
            transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());//System.out.println("send success!");} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}finally {if(transport!=null){try {transport.close();} catch (MessagingException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}}public static void main(String[] args) {JavaMail se = new JavaMail(false);se.doSendHtmlEmail("邮件主题", "邮件内容", "xxx@XX.com");}
}

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上面只能实现文本的发送，如果我们要发送附件，就需要用到Multipart对象了。

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;public class JavaMailWithAttachment {private MimeMessage message;private Session session;private Transport transport;private String mailHost = "";private String sender_username = "";private String sender_password = "";private Properties properties = new Properties();/** 初始化方法*/public JavaMailWithAttachment(boolean debug) {InputStream in = JavaMailWithAttachment.class.getResourceAsStream("MailServer.properties");try {properties.load(in);this.mailHost = properties.getProperty("mail.smtp.host");this.sender_username = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.username");this.sender_password = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.password");} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}session = Session.getInstance(properties);session.setDebug(debug);// 开启后有调试信息message = new MimeMessage(session);}/*** 发送邮件* * @param subject*            邮件主题* @param sendHtml*            邮件内容* @param receiveUser*            收件人地址* @param attachment*            附件*/public void doSendHtmlEmail(String subject, String sendHtml, String receiveUser, File attachment) {try {// 发件人InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(sender_username);message.setFrom(from);// 收件人InternetAddress to = new InternetAddress(receiveUser);message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);// 邮件主题
            message.setSubject(subject);// 向multipart对象中添加邮件的各个部分内容，包括文本内容和附件Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();// 添加邮件正文BodyPart contentPart = new MimeBodyPart();contentPart.setContent(sendHtml, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");multipart.addBodyPart(contentPart);// 添加附件的内容if (attachment != null) {BodyPart attachmentBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();DataSource source = new FileDataSource(attachment);attachmentBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));// 网上流传的解决文件名乱码的方法，其实用MimeUtility.encodeWord就可以很方便的搞定// 这里很重要，通过下面的Base64编码的转换可以保证你的中文附件标题名在发送时不会变成乱码//sun.misc.BASE64Encoder enc = new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder();//messageBodyPart.setFileName("=?GBK?B?" + enc.encode(attachment.getName().getBytes()) + "?=");//MimeUtility.encodeWord可以避免文件名乱码
                attachmentBodyPart.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeWord(attachment.getName()));multipart.addBodyPart(attachmentBodyPart);}// 将multipart对象放到message中
            message.setContent(multipart);// 保存邮件
            message.saveChanges();transport = session.getTransport("smtp");// smtp验证，就是你用来发邮件的邮箱用户名密码
            transport.connect(mailHost, sender_username, sender_password);// 发送
            transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());System.out.println("send success!");} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {if (transport != null) {try {transport.close();} catch (MessagingException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}}public static void main(String[] args) {JavaMailWithAttachment se = new JavaMailWithAttachment(true);File affix = new File("c:\\测试-test.txt");se.doSendHtmlEmail("邮件主题", "邮件内容", "xxx@XXX.com", affix);//
    }
}带附件