时间：2017.11.16
作者：李强
参考：man,info，magedu讲义
声明：以下英文纯属个人翻译，英文B级，欢迎纠正，盗版不纠,才能有限，希望不误人子弟为好。
1、使用目的与场景
先列在这里，以后就知道怎么用了
2、官方说明
an interface for configuring system authentication resources
3、写在前面
现在用authconfig --passalgo=sha256 --update 来更新加密算法
4、修改文件及涉及的环境变量
/etc/sysconfig/authconfig用于跟踪是否启用了特定的身份验证机制。目前包括变量名为 USESHADOW, USEMD5,USEKERBEROS, USELDAPAUTH, USESMBAUTH, USEWINBIND,USEWINBINDAUTH、USEHESIOD、USENIS、USELDAP等其他/etc/passwd/etc/shadowUsed for shadow password support./etc/yp.confConfiguration file for NIS support./etc/sysconfig/networkAnother configuration file for NIS support./etc/ldap.conf/etc/nss_ldap.conf/etc/pam_ldap.conf/etc/nslcd.conf/etc/openldap/ldap.conf用于配置 nss_ldap、pam_ldap、nslcd 和 OpenLDAP 库。仅当经存在系统上的文件被更改。/etc/krb5.conf 用于Kerberos 5. /etc/hesiod.conf 用于配置Hesiod /etc/samba/smb.conf 用于配置 winbind 身份验证 /etc/nsswitch.conf 用于配置用户信息服务 /etc/login.defs 用于配置用户帐户的参数 (常规用户的最小UID, 密码哈希算法) /etc/pam.d/system-auth用于系统服务的通用 PAM 配置,其中包括使用 include，指令只能被添加软链接不能被添加硬链接 /etc/pam.d/system-auth-ac 包含系统服务的实际 PAM 配置, 并且是/etc/pam.d/system-auth的符号链接如果创建了PAM的本地配置 (并symlinked从system-auth文件)，该文件就会被包含在那里。
5、用法
NAME系统验证资源配置的一个接口，authconfig-tui是简单的图形化配置界面，就好像setup一样的。
SYNOPSISauthconfig[options] {--update|--updateall|--test|--probe|--restorebackup<name>|--savebackup <name>|--restorelastbackup}
DESCRIPTIONauthconfig提供了一个简单的方式去配置 /etc/sysconfig/network去支持NIS功能,也为/etc/passwd和/etc/shadow提供密码策略方面的支持，同时也支持Basic LDAP, Kerberos 5, 和Winbind 客户端的配置。 --test参数的话，authconfig可以被除了root意外的用户使用，任何改变都不会被保存只会被打印出来，看下效果。--update参数的话，就必须是root权限用户，配置会被保存，仅仅修改的文件会被重新写入--updateall参数的话，同上，但是所有的配置文件都会被修改--probe 使用DNS或者其他的方式来猜测当前主机的配置，如果找到就通过STDOUT输出然后退出--restorebackup --savebackup --restorelastbackup参数提供了保存和恢复被authconfg修改的文件的可能，authconfig每次操作前也会自动备份配置文件信息，这个备份信息可以被--restorelastbackup恢复以下是一些options如果指定了--nostart (这是安装程序所做的), ypbind 或其他守护进程将不会启动
或在程序执行后立即停止, 但只在启动时启用或停止。
--enablenis,--enableldap,--enablewinbind, 和--enablehesiod选项用于配置用户的信息服务
/etc/nsswitch.conf, --enablecache 选项用于配置命名服务缓存,
--enableshadow,--enableldapauth,--enablekrb5, --enablewinbindauth 选项用于配置
认证功能通过/etc/pam.d/system-auth。
每一个--enable都对应一个--disable选项
用于存储新密码哈希值的算法可以由 --passalgo 选项指定, 它采用
下列可能的值作为参数: descrypt、bigcrypt、md5、sha256 和 sha512。
--enablelocauthorize 选项允许绕过检查网络认证服务的授权
--enablesysnetauth 允许这些服务对系统帐户 (uid <500或者1000(centos7）) 进行身份验证。
当配置设置允许用户信息服务和身份验证使用 SSSD 时, SSSD将自动使用,而不是老的服务，
SSSD 配置将被设置, 所以有一个使用连接服务所需的设置填充的默认域。
--enablesssd和--enablesss 选项强制添加SSSD到/etc/nsswitch.conf and /etc/pam.d/system-auth,
但它们不设置SSSD 配置文件中的域。 SSSD配置必须手动设置。允许的配置SSSD 服务的配给是:
LDAP为用户信息(-enableldap)和任一LDAP(--enableldapauth),或 Kerberos(--enablekrb5)
进行身份验证。
如果 SSSD不支持站点配置所需的旧式服务的某些功能,
通过在/etc/sysconfig/authconfig中设置 FORCELEGACY=yes , 可以强制使用旧式服务。
在手册页中提到的选项列表不是详尽无遗的, 请参考 authconfig--help 完整的列表authconfig--tui支持authconfig所有的选项,但它意味着--update作为默认操作。
它的窗口默认情况下包含"Cancel"按钮。如果在运行时指定了--back选项,则显示"Back"按钮而不是
"Cancel".如果指定了"--kickstart",将不会看到交互式屏幕。程序将使用的值将由其他选项
(-passalgo,-enableshadow, 等等)指定。对于namelist,您可以用单个名称或逗号分隔的名称列表替换。以下是authconfig --help 的完整options
Options:-h, --help show this help message and exit--enableshadow, --useshadowenable shadowed passwords by default--disableshadow disable shadowed passwords by default--enablemd5, --usemd5enable MD5 passwords by default--disablemd5 disable MD5 passwords by default--passalgo=<descrypt|bigcrypt|md5|sha256|sha512>hash/crypt algorithm for new passwords--enablenis enable NIS for user information by default--disablenis disable NIS for user information by default--nisdomain=<domain> default NIS domain--nisserver=<server> default NIS server--enableldap enable LDAP for user information by default--disableldap disable LDAP for user information by default--enableldapauth enable LDAP for authentication by default--disableldapauth disable LDAP for authentication by default--ldapserver=<server>default LDAP server hostname or URI--ldapbasedn=<dn> default LDAP base DN--enableldaptls, --enableldapstarttlsenable use of TLS with LDAP (RFC-2830)--disableldaptls, --disableldapstarttlsdisable use of TLS with LDAP (RFC-2830)--enablerfc2307bis enable use of RFC-2307bis schema for LDAP user information lookups--disablerfc2307bis disable use of RFC-2307bis schema for LDAP user information lookups--ldaploadcacert=<URL>load CA certificate from the URL--enablesmartcard enable authentication with smart card by default--disablesmartcard disable authentication with smart card by default--enablerequiresmartcardrequire smart card for authentication by default--disablerequiresmartcarddo not require smart card for authentication by default--smartcardmodule=<module>default smart card module to use--smartcardaction=<0=Lock|1=Ignore>action to be taken on smart card removal--enablefingerprint enable authentication with fingerprint readers by default--disablefingerprint disable authentication with fingerprint readers by default--enablekrb5 enable kerberos authentication by default--disablekrb5 disable kerberos authentication by default--krb5kdc=<server> default kerberos KDC--krb5adminserver=<server>default kerberos admin server--krb5realm=<realm> default kerberos realm--enablekrb5kdcdns enable use of DNS to find kerberos KDCs--disablekrb5kdcdns disable use of DNS to find kerberos KDCs--enablekrb5realmdns enable use of DNS to find kerberos realms--disablekrb5realmdnsdisable use of DNS to find kerberos realms--enablewinbind enable winbind for user information by default--disablewinbind disable winbind for user information by default--enablewinbindauth enable winbind for authentication by default--disablewinbindauth disable winbind for authentication by default--smbsecurity=<user|server|domain|ads>security mode to use for samba and winbind--smbrealm=<realm> default realm for samba and winbind when security=ads--smbservers=<servers>names of servers to authenticate against--smbworkgroup=<workgroup>workgroup authentication servers are in--smbidmaprange=<lowest-highest>, --smbidmapuid=<lowest-highest>, --smbidmapgid=<lowest-highest>uid range winbind will assign to domain or ads users--winbindseparator=<\>the character which will be used to separate the domain and user part of winbind-created user names if winbindusedefaultdomain is not enabled--winbindtemplatehomedir=</home/%D/%U>the directory which winbind-created users will have as home directories--winbindtemplateprimarygroup=<nobody>the group which winbind-created users will have as their primary group--winbindtemplateshell=</bin/false>the shell which winbind-created users will have as their login shell--enablewinbindusedefaultdomainconfigures winbind to assume that users with no domain in their user names are domain users--disablewinbindusedefaultdomainconfigures winbind to assume that users with no domain in their user names are not domain users--enablewinbindofflineconfigures winbind to allow offline login--disablewinbindofflineconfigures winbind to prevent offline login--winbindjoin=<Administrator>join the winbind domain or ads realm now as this administrator--enableipav2 enable IPAv2 for user information and authentication by default--disableipav2 disable IPAv2 for user information and authentication by default--ipav2domain=<domain>the IPAv2 domain the system should be part of--ipav2realm=<realm> the realm for the IPAv2 domain--ipav2server=<servers>the server for the IPAv2 domain--enableipav2nontp do not setup the NTP against the IPAv2 domain--disableipav2nontp setup the NTP against the IPAv2 domain (default)--ipav2join=<account>join the IPAv2 domain as this account--enablewins enable wins for hostname resolution--disablewins disable wins for hostname resolution--enablepreferdns prefer dns over wins or nis for hostname resolution--disablepreferdns do not prefer dns over wins or nis for hostname resolution--enablehesiod enable hesiod for user information by default--disablehesiod disable hesiod for user information by default--hesiodlhs=<lhs> default hesiod LHS--hesiodrhs=<rhs> default hesiod RHS--enablesssd enable SSSD for user information by default with manually managed configuration--disablesssd disable SSSD for user information by default (still used for supported configurations)--enablesssdauth enable SSSD for authentication by default with manually managed configuration--disablesssdauth disable SSSD for authentication by default (still used for supported configurations--enableforcelegacy never use SSSD implicitly even for supported configurations--disableforcelegacy use SSSD implicitly if it supports the configuration--enablecachecreds enable caching of user credentials in SSSD by default--disablecachecreds disable caching of user credentials in SSSD by default--enablecache enable caching of user information by default (automatically disabled when SSSD is used)--disablecache disable caching of user information by default--enablelocauthorize local authorization is sufficient for local users--disablelocauthorizeauthorize local users also through remote service--enablepamaccess check access.conf during account authorization--disablepamaccess do not check access.conf during account authorization--enablesysnetauth authenticate system accounts by network services--disablesysnetauth authenticate system accounts by local files only--enablemkhomedir create home directories for users on their first login--disablemkhomedir do not create home directories for users on their first login--nostart do not start/stop portmap, ypbind, and nscd--test do not update the configuration files, only print new settings--update, --kickstartopposite of --test, update configuration files with changed settings--updateall update all configuration files--probe probe network for defaults and print them--savebackup=<name> save a backup of all configuration files--restorebackup=<name>restore the backup of configuration files--restorelastbackup restore the backup of configuration files saved before the previous configuration change
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/lajifeiwomoshu/1982378
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