Niginx 集群负载均衡策略

Niginx 集群负载均衡策略

 

 所需物料

1.Nginx服务

步骤略

本人 nginx version: nginx/1.16.0

 

2.Java Servlet 测试项目

新建java web 项目，项目名称为：tt

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;@WebServlet("/IndexServlet")
public class IndexServlet extends HttpServlet {private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;public IndexServlet() { }protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {//输出Session的IdSystem.out.println("[session-id]\t"+request.getSession().getId());//制造网络请求延迟效果try {System.out.println("[-线程睡眠中-]");Thread.sleep(3000);System.out.println("[-线程睡眠结束-]");} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();}System.out.println("");System.out.println("");System.out.println("");response.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(request.getContextPath());}protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {doGet(request, response);}}

3.tomcat部署服务

共启用了3个Tomcat，服务端口分别是：8081、8082、8083；

分别访问 http://localhost:8081/tt/index

分别访问 http://localhost:8082/tt/index

分别访问 http://localhost:8083/tt/index

进行服务验证，看服务是否可以正常访问

 

 

 ----------------------------好戏开始了----------------------------

集群调度：轮询（默认）

调度规则：轮询调取集群中的服务；

修改 nginx.conf 配置文件，重启Nginx；

worker_processes  1;events {worker_connections  1024;
}http {include       mime.types;default_type  application/octet-stream;sendfile        on;keepalive_timeout  65;#配置集群集合upstream tomcatserver1 {server 127.0.0.1:8081;server 127.0.0.1:8082;   server 127.0.0.1:8083;     } server {  listen       80;  server_name  localhost;  location / {  proxy_pass   http://tomcatserver1;  index  index.html index.htm;  } error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;location = /50x.html {root   html;}}}

浏览器多次访问  http://localhost/tt/index 进行测试。会看到3个Tomcat 被轮训调用。

 

集群调度：ip_hash

调度规则：同一个session会被分配到同一个 服务中，主要解决集群session问题；

修改 nginx.conf 配置文件，重启Nginx；

worker_processes  1;events {worker_connections  1024;
}http {include       mime.types;default_type  application/octet-stream;sendfile        on;keepalive_timeout  65;#配置集群集合upstream tomcatserver1 {#调度方式 ip_haship_hash; server 127.0.0.1:8081;server 127.0.0.1:8082;   server 127.0.0.1:8083;     } server {  listen       80;  server_name  localhost;  location / {  proxy_pass   http://tomcatserver1;  index  index.html index.htm;  } error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;location = /50x.html {root   html;}}}

集群调度：Weight

调度规则：根据权重来处理，权重越高被调用的概率越高，主要用于后端服务器性能不均的情况；

修改 nginx.conf 配置文件，重启Nginx；

worker_processes  1;events {worker_connections  1024;
}http {include       mime.types;default_type  application/octet-stream;sendfile        on;keepalive_timeout  65;#配置集群集合upstream tomcatserver1 {#调度方式 Weightserver 127.0.0.1:8081 weight=3;server 127.0.0.1:8082 weight=2;   server 127.0.0.1:8083 weight=1;     } server {  listen       80;  server_name  localhost;  location / {  proxy_pass   http://tomcatserver1;  index  index.html index.htm;  } error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;location = /50x.html {root   html;}}}

集群调度：url_hash

调度规则：相同的url地址会被分配到同一个服务器，用于缓存数据，如：我将系统图片都缓存在了8081、8082服务器，每当我请求图片的时候必须去请求8081 或 8082服务器；

修改 nginx.conf 配置文件，重启Nginx；

worker_processes  1;events {worker_connections  1024;
}http {include       mime.types;default_type  application/octet-stream;sendfile        on;keepalive_timeout  65;#配置集群集合upstream tomcatserver1 {#调度方式 url_hashhash $request_uri;server 127.0.0.1:8081;server 127.0.0.1:8082;   server 127.0.0.1:8083;     } server {  listen       80;  server_name  localhost;# 假如请求静态资源的路径格式是 localhost:80/tt/state/xx/xx/……		location /tt/state {  proxy_pass   http://tomcatserver1;  index  index.html index.htm;  } error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;location = /50x.html {root   html;}}}