InputStream和OutputStream速通

InputStream和OutputStream

输入流（InputStream）：
- InputStream是抽象类，用于从各种数据源（如文件、网络连接、内存等）读取字节流。
- 常见的子类包括FileInputStream、ByteArrayInputStream和SocketInputStream等。
输出流（OutputStream）：
- OutputStream是抽象类，用于向各种目的地（如文件、网络连接、内存等）写入字节流。
- 常见的子类包括FileOutputStream、ByteArrayOutputStream和SocketOutputStream等。

例子：使用Socket进行消息的发送和接收

1. 服务器端：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;public class Server {public static void main(String[] args) {try {ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8080);System.out.println("Server listening on port 8080...");// 等待客户端连接Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();// 获取输入流InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();// 读取客户端发送的消息byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];int bytesRead = inputStream.read(buffer);String message = new String(buffer, 0, bytesRead);System.out.println("Received message from client: " + message);// 获取输出流OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();// 发送响应消息给客户端String response = "Hello, Client!";outputStream.write(response.getBytes());// 关闭连接socket.close();serverSocket.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}

2. 客户端：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;public class Client {public static void main(String[] args) {try {// 连接到服务器Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 8080);// 获取输出流OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();// 发送消息给服务器String message = "Hello, Server!";outputStream.write(message.getBytes());// 获取输入流InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();// 读取服务器的响应消息byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];int bytesRead = inputStream.read(buffer);String response = new String(buffer, 0, bytesRead);System.out.println("Received response from server: " + response);// 关闭连接socket.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}