SQLite 安装和 Java 使用教程

SQLite是一个C语言库，它实现了一个小型、快速、自包含、高可靠性、功能齐全的SQL数据库引擎。SQLite是世界上使用最多的数据库引擎。SQLite内置于所有手机和大多数计算机中，并捆绑在人们每天使用的无数其他应用程序中。

SQLite文件格式稳定、跨平台、向后兼容，开发人员承诺在2050年保持这种格式。SQLite数据库文件通常用作在系统之间传输丰富内容的容器，以及数据的长期存档格式。目前有超过1万亿个SQLite数据库在积极使用

SQLite 官网：https://www.sqlite.org/index.html

1、安装 SQLite

2、新建数据库

3、新建表

4、Java 操作 SQLite

4.1、普通类型存储

4.2、二进制类型存储

1、安装 SQLite

官网下载 SQLite

下载地址：https://www.sqlite.org/download.html

根据自己的电脑系统选择

下载后将其解压

解压

2、新建数据库

双击打开 sqlite3.exe

弹出命令行窗体

新建数据库命令

.open test.db

新建名称是 test 的数据库

新建完成后，会在当前目录下生成 test.db 的文件，数据库创建完成

3、新建表

新建表可以使用命令

CREATE TABLE user (id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,name TEXT
);

新建 user 表，有 id 和 name 字段，id是主键自增，name是 TEXT 字符串文本类型

SQLite 的类型有

类型	说明
NULL	空值
INTEGER	带符号的整型
REAL	浮点数字
TEXT	字符串
BLOB	二进制对象

除此之外可以使用 Navicat 连接建表

选择 SQLite

连接名随意

选择数据库文件，点击确定即可

新建表

新建表，有3个字段， id， name，price

新建完成

4、Java 操作 SQLite

新建 maven 项目 sqlite-learn

引入 sqlite-jdbc 依赖

<dependency><groupId>org.xerial</groupId><artifactId>sqlite-jdbc</artifactId><version>3.41.2.1</version>
</dependency>

sqlite-learn 项目 pom 文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.wsjzzcbq</groupId><artifactId>sqlite-learn</artifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.xerial</groupId><artifactId>sqlite-jdbc</artifactId><version>3.41.2.1</version></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><configuration><source>11</source><target>11</target></configuration></plugin></plugins></build></project>

4.1、普通类型存储

增删改查代码

package com.wsjzzcbq;import java.sql.*;/*** SqliteDemo** @author wsjz* @date 2023/11/17*/
public class SqliteDemo {public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");//SQLite 数据库文件String dbFile = "D:\\tmp\\sql\\sqlite-tools-win-x64-3440000\\test.db";String url = "jdbc:sqlite:" + dbFile;Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url);//添加insert(conn);//查询select(conn);//修改update(conn);//删除delete(conn);conn.close();}private static void select(Connection connection) throws SQLException {String sql = "select * from user";Statement statement = connection.createStatement();ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(sql);while (rs.next()) {int id = rs.getInt("id");String name = rs.getString("name");System.out.println(id);System.out.println(name);}rs.close();statement.close();}private static void insert(Connection connection) throws SQLException {String sql = "insert into user( name) values('小丽')";Statement stat = connection.createStatement();stat.executeUpdate(sql);stat.close();}private static void update(Connection connection) throws SQLException {String sql = "update user set name = ? where id = ?";PreparedStatement ps = connection.prepareStatement(sql);ps.setObject(1, "小雪花");ps.setObject(2, 1);ps.executeUpdate();ps.close();}private static void delete(Connection connection) throws SQLException {String sql = "delete from user where id = ?";PreparedStatement ps = connection.prepareStatement(sql);ps.setObject(1, 1);ps.executeUpdate();ps.close();}}

运行测试

测试添加

测试修改

测试删除

shop 表代码

package com.wsjzzcbq;import java.sql.*;/*** SqliteDemo2** @author wsjz* @date 2023/11/17*/
public class SqliteDemo2 {public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");//SQLite 数据库文件String dbFile = "D:\\tmp\\sql\\sqlite-tools-win-x64-3440000\\test.db";String url = "jdbc:sqlite:" + dbFile;Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url);//添加insert(conn);//查询select(conn);conn.close();}private static void insert(Connection connection) throws SQLException {String sql = "insert into shop(name, price) values('水浒传', 20)";Statement stat = connection.createStatement();stat.executeUpdate(sql);stat.close();}private static void select(Connection connection) throws SQLException {String sql = "select * from shop";Statement statement = connection.createStatement();ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(sql);while (rs.next()) {int id = rs.getInt("id");String name = rs.getString("name");double price = rs.getDouble("price");System.out.println(id);System.out.println(name);System.out.println(price);}rs.close();statement.close();}}

运行测试

4.2、二进制类型存储

储存二进制图片文件

package com.wsjzzcbq;import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.sql.*;/*** SqliteDemo3** @author wsjz* @date 2023/11/17*/
public class SqliteDemo3 {public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException, IOException {Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");//SQLite 数据库文件String dbFile = "D:\\tmp\\sql\\sqlite-tools-win-x64-3440000\\test.db";String url = "jdbc:sqlite:" + dbFile;Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url);//新建表createTable(conn);//添加insert(conn);//查询select(conn);conn.close();}private static void createTable(Connection connection) throws SQLException {String sql = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS  img (name TEXT, image BLOB)";Statement statement = connection.createStatement();statement.executeUpdate(sql);statement.close();}private static void insert(Connection connection) throws SQLException, IOException {String sql = "insert into img(name, image) values(?, ?)";PreparedStatement ps = connection.prepareStatement(sql);ps.setObject(1, "怀素自叙帖");String filePath = "D:\\tmp\\img\\huaisu.png";byte[] bytes = Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get(filePath));InputStream inputStream = Files.newInputStream(Paths.get(filePath));//添加图片文件ps.setBinaryStream(2, inputStream, bytes.length);ps.executeUpdate();ps.close();}private static void select(Connection connection) throws SQLException, IOException {String sql = "select * from img";Statement statement = connection.createStatement();ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(sql);while (rs.next()) {//获取nameString name = rs.getString("name");System.out.println(name);//获取图片文件InputStream inputStream = rs.getBinaryStream("image");String filePath = "D:\\tmp\\img\\huaisu2.png";Files.copy(inputStream, Paths.get(filePath));}rs.close();statement.close();}
}

测试运行