👨🏫 商务英语（初入职场电子书PDF）提取码：t9ri
Unit 1 Job-seeking
✨ 单词
- recruitment n. 招聘
- physical adj. 有形的;物质的
- profitability n. 盈利
- launch vt. 将(新产品等)投放市场
- budget n. 预算
- account for 占(一定数量或比例)
- key adj. 极重要的
- Super Bowl 超级碗(美国国家橄榄球联盟的年度冠军赛)
- scan vt. 浏览
- post vt. (在网上)公布消息，发帖子
- speed up (使)加快速度
- accuracy n. 准确性
- filter n. 过滤程序
- revenue n. (also revenues) 收益
🍁 课文
⭐ Monster.com , the pioneer of online recruitment, shows how electronic marketplaces reach more people and can offer more efficiency than physical markets. It also shows that money can be made in such markets:Monster has a long record of profitability.
⭐ Jeff Taylor, who launched the site in 1994, says that the Monster. com name is the firm’s“single most important success factor”. It introduces an image of youthful fun in what is basically a boring business. Supporting the brand is a big advertising budget which accounts for a quarter of the firm’s costs. He runs expensive ads during key sporting events such as the Super Bowl.
⭐ Job-seekers supply resumes and employers pay to scan them or to post job ads. Most of the services that job-seekers get are free, but they have to pay for a service that allows them to contact each other for advice and career management. They can use this service to ask each other questions about, say, what it is like to work for a firm that they are thinking of joining.
⭐ The main contribution of Monster has been to speed up hiring and vastly increase the accuracy of the job-searching process.“You can post a job at 2 pm and get your first response at 2.01, ”Mr Taylor says proudly. And an employer who knows exactly what he wants can use Monster’s filters to search vast numbers of resumes with precise accuracy. Monster is a serious threat to newspapers, which historically made 40%of their revenues from carrying ads, up to half of which were for staff. Headhunting firms have also lost business, because demand for their help in filling lower-level jobs has fallen.
⭐ The online job market works well for workers and employers who know what they want. It works badly for people who are unsure. Check that your resume says clearly what kind of job you want. The filters will then make sure that it reaches the right human resources departments.
⭐ Monster.com是在线招聘的先驱，它展示了电子市场如何接触到更多的人，并比实体市场提供更高的效率。这也表明了在这样的市场上可以赚钱：Monster有着长期的盈利记录。
⭐ 杰夫·泰勒于1994年创建了这个网站，他说“怪物”。com名称是该公司“最重要的成功因素”。它介绍了一个年轻有趣的形象，这基本上是一个无聊的行业。支持品牌是一项庞大的广告预算，占公司成本的四分之一。他在超级碗等重要体育赛事期间投放昂贵的广告。
⭐ 求职者提供简历，雇主付费扫描简历或发布招聘广告。求职者获得的大多数服务都是免费的，但他们必须付费购买一项服务，该服务允许他们相互联系，寻求建议和职业管理。他们可以使用这项服务互相询问问题，比如为他们想加入的公司工作是什么感觉。
⭐ Monster的主要贡献是加快了招聘速度，大大提高了求职过程的准确性。泰勒先生自豪地说：“你可以在下午2点发布一份工作，并在2点01分得到第一次回复。”。一个确切知道自己想要什么的雇主可以使用Monster的过滤器准确地搜索大量简历。Monster对报纸来说是一个严重的威胁，历史上，报纸40%的收入来自于刊登广告，其中多达一半是为员工提供的。猎头公司也失去了业务，因为对他们帮助填补低级别职位的需求下降了。
⭐ 对于知道自己想要什么的员工和雇主来说，在线就业市场运作良好。它对那些不确定的人来说效果很差。检查你的简历是否清楚地表明你想要什么样的工作。然后过滤器将确保它到达正确的人力资源部门。
🌸 练习
🍻 BIZ knowledge
在求职过程中，你可以参加不同类型的面试。了解每种类型的面试内容可以帮助你更好地准备面试。以下是三种最常见的面试类型。
⭐ 传统的一对一面试
对于一对一的面试，已经确定你具备该职位所需的技能和教育背景。面试的重点是确定你提供的信息是否可靠，你是否适合公司，以及你的技能和资格将如何使公司受益。所以，你通常会列出一系列关于资历、工作经验、知识和期望的问题，比如“你在上一份工作中的职责是什么？”或者“你认为自己在五年内会达到什么水平？”在一对一的面试中，你的目标是给面试官留下一个好印象，让他们相信你是多么可靠和合格。
⭐ 个案访谈
个案访谈尤其具有挑战性。这里发生的是面试官提出了一个问题。
然后用一系列问题来找出候选人将如何处理这个问题。为了给你一个概念，它可能是这样的：X公司希望在不超过其当前预算（200万美元）的情况下，将其每年招聘的大学毕业生数量增加50%。你会建议他们怎么做？这会让应聘者处于一个非常不舒服的位置，因为他们实际上被要求做几件事——证明他们能够逻辑地分析问题，提出可行的解决方案，并与面试官进行有效的沟通。所以这是一种压力很大的面试形式。
⭐ 行为面试
它旨在发现候选人在某些情况下的实际表现，尤其是在棘手的情况下。这些问题通常是基于候选人自己过去的经历。一个典型的问题可能是“你能给我举个例子，说明你不得不服从你不同意的命令的情况吗？”这会给候选人带来压力，因为他们必须找到一个好的例子，他们必须进行谈话。所以它打开了很多信息，面试官可以更多地看到坐在对面的人。
Unit 2 Business etiquette
✨ 单词
- distract vt. 使分心
- University of Surrey （英国）萨里大学
- breach n. 违反
- collaboration n. 合作
- protocol n. 礼仪
- courtesy n. 礼貌
- stuffy adj. 古板的
- junior adj. 资历较浅的
- dramatic adj. 显著的
🌸 练习
Unit 3 Companies
✨ 单词
- workhorse n. 主力
- jonit-stock company n. 股份公司
- durable adj. 持久的
- The New Industrial State 《新工业国》
- hierarchical adj. 分等级的
- bureaucratic adj. 官僚的
- standardise vt. 使……标准化
- regularity n. 规律性
- customise vt. 定制
- flatten vt. 使扁平化
- takeover n. 收购，接管
- couple n. 一些；几个
- decade n. 十年
- merger n. 合并
- warehouse n. 仓库
- tangible asset n. 有形财产
- lease vt. 租借；租用
- freelance adj. 做自由职业的
- entrepreneur n. 企业家
- bidder n. 出价人
- venture capitalist 风险投资家
🌸 练习
Unit 4 Strategy
✨ 单词
- masculine adj. 男性的
- click with 合得来
- undisputed adj.公认的
- Achilles’heel 薄弱环节; 致命的弱点
- Air Jordan飞人乔丹(耐克公司旗下的运动鞋品牌)
- Skechers 斯凯奇(美国第二大鞋类品牌)
- skateboardingn 滑板运动
- buddy n. 朋友;伙伴
- sign up 签约雇用
- locker room n. 更衣室
- seniority n. 资历
- core adj. 核心的
- attribute n. 特质
- apparel n. 服装
- Ralph Lauren 拉夫·劳伦(美国时尚品牌)
- icon n. 标志;偶像
- pitch vt. 推销
- turnoff n. 令人扫兴的东西
- in step with 与…一致
- traffic n. 客流量
- galvanise vt. 使振奋
- take off 突然取得成功
🌸 练习
Unit 5 Marketing
✨ 单词
- manipulate vt. 操纵
- corrupt vt. 使堕落
- grim adj. 糟糕的;令人担忧的
- showcase vt. 展现
- aspiration n. 渴望
- premium n. 加付款;额外费用
- Marlboro 万宝路(香烟品牌)
- lead n. 领先地位
- bombard vt. 向…大量提供信息
- commercial n. 商业广告
- veteran n. 经验丰富的人
- pitch n. (美口)商品广告
- cynical adj. 愤世嫉俗的;爱嘲笑的
- P&G(Procter & Gamble) 宝洁(日用消费品公司)
- stamp n. 特点;特质
- project vt. 展现确立(形象)
🌸 练习
Unit 6 Finance
✨ 单词
- corporate governance 公司治理
- Royal Ahold (荷兰)皇家阿霍德集团
- scandal n. 丑闻
- overwhelming adj. 难以应对的
- apart adv. 除去…
- aggressive earnings management 激进性盈余管理
- irregularity n. 违规行为
- auditor n. 审计员
- resignation n. 辞职
- overstate vt. 夸大
- plunge vi. 突然地下降
- applaud vi. 为……鼓掌表示赞赏
- absolve vt. 免除······的责任
- in bulk 大批地
- rebate n. (作为减免或折扣的)部分退款
- book vt. 登记
🍁 课文
It may seem an exaggeration to describethe scandal overwhelming Royal Ahold as “Europe’s Enron”- but in many ways it istrue enough. Certainly, Ahold, the world’sthird-biggest food retailer presents none ofthe financial risks of Enron. That apart, thesimilarities between the two are strikingfrom the very bad corporate governance,aggressive earnings management andaccounting irregularities to auditors whoserole must be called into question.
将压倒皇家 Ahold 的丑闻描述为“欧洲的安然”似乎有些夸张，但在许多方面，这已经足够真实了。 当然，全球第三大食品零售商Ahold没有安然公司的财务风险。 除此之外，两者之间的相似之处是惊人的，从非常糟糕的公司治理、激进的盈余管理和会计违规行为到必须受到质疑的审计师。
Now, at least, Europeans should stopbelieving that corporate wrongdoing is a US problem that cannot occur in the oldcontinent. Instead, they should fix theirown corporate governance and accountingproblems.
至少现在，欧洲人应该不再相信，企业不当行为是美国的问题，不会在欧洲大陆发生。相反，它们应该解决自己的公司治理和会计问题。
On 24 February 2003 Ahold announcedthe resignation of its chief executive andfinance director after finding that it hadoverstated its profits by more than €463m($500m). Its market value plunged by 63per cent that day, to €3.3bn. In late 2001,it exceeded E30bn.Ahold is now underinvestigation by various authorities,including the Securities and ExchangeCommission (SEC)in the USA.
2003年2月24日，在发现公司虚报利润超过4.63亿欧元(合5亿美元)后，Ahold宣布其首席执行官和财务总监辞职。该公司市值当日暴跌63%，至33亿欧元。2001年末，这一数字超过了300亿欧元。Ahold目前正在接受包括美国证券交易委员会(SEC)在内的多个机构的调查。
Rather like Kenneth Lay at Enron,Ahold’s former CEO,Cees van derHoeven, won a huge reputation fromturning a dull company into a growthmachine. Investors applauded long afterthey should have started asking hardquestions. When eventually they did askhim, his anger and pride became quickly apparent and he refused to answer.
与安然公司的肯尼斯•莱不同，阿霍德的前首席执行官齐斯•范德胡芬因将一家沉闷的公司转变为增长机器而赢得了巨大的声誉。投资者早就应该开始提出一些棘手的问题，但他们还是拍手叫好。当他们最终问他时，他的愤怒和骄傲很快表现出来，他拒绝回答。
The €463m overstatement is due primarily to Ahold’s USFoodservice unit, which supplies food to schools, hospitalsand restaurants, although there are also issues over its Discosubsidiary in Argentina and several other units. This has ledsome observers to say that this is less a European problem thanyet another US accounting failure. Such a claim absolves Ahold’sbosses of responsibility for their acquisitions and dishonesty andignores the persistent, firm-wide tendency to test the limits ofacceptable accounting.
4.63亿欧元的夸大主要是由于Ahold的美国食品服务部门，该部门为学校、医院和餐馆提供食品，尽管其在阿根廷的迪斯科子公司和其他几个部门也存在问题。这让一些观察人士表示，这与其说是欧洲的问题，不如说是美国的另一个会计问题。这样的声明免除了Ahold的老板们对他们的收购和不诚实的责任，并忽视了持续的、全公司范围内测试可接受会计准则极限的倾向。
Most firms that buy in bulk get discounts from suppliersif they meet sales targets. The issue is how those rebates areaccounted for. The accepted practice is to wait until the targets aremet. Ahold appears to have booked these rebate payments beforethey were earned.
大多数批量采购的公司如果能达到销售目标，就能从供应商那里获得折扣。问题是这些回扣是如何计算的。公认的做法是等待，直到目标达到。阿霍德似乎在获得这些退税之前就登记了这些款项。
What of Ahold’s auditors? Although the problems wereuncovered, it should have done so much earlier, says Lynn Turner, aformer chief accountant at the SEC.
Ahold 的审计员呢?美国证券交易委员会前首席会计师特纳(Lynn Turner)说，虽然问题被发现了，但它本应该更早发现问题。
🌸 练习
