目录

1.数据预处理

2.加载模型

3.批训练

4.准确率

1.数据预处理

导入所需库

import numpy as np
from paddle.io import DataLoader,TensorDataset
from paddlenlp.transformers import BertForSequenceClassification, BertTokenizer
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
import paddle
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import jieba

训练集格式 标签ID+\t+标签+\t+原文标题

contents=[]
datas=[]
labels=[]
with open('data/data126283/data/Train.txt',mode='r',encoding='utf-8') as f:contents=f.read().split('\n')
for item in contents:if item=='':continuelabels.append(item.split('\t')[0])datas.append(remove_stopwords(jieba.cut(item.split('\t')[-1])))datas=convert(datas)

去除停用词、

stop=[]
with open('stop.txt',mode='r',encoding='utf-8') as f:stop=f.read().split('\n')
stop_word={}
for s in stop:stop_word[s]=True
def remove_stopwords(datas):  filtered_words = [text for text in datas if text not in stop_word]return ' '.join(filtered_words)  

进行中文分词、转换为token序列

tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained('bert-base-chinese')def convert(datas, max_seq_length=40):ans=[]for text in datas:input_ids = tokenizer(text, max_seq_len=max_seq_length)['input_ids']input_ids = input_ids[:max_seq_length]  # 截断input_ids = input_ids + [tokenizer.pad_token_id] * (max_seq_length - len(input_ids))  # 填充ans.append(input_ids)return ans

导入数据，进行预处理，数据集在最后

contents=[]
datas=[]
labels=[]
with open('data/data126283/data/Train.txt',mode='r',encoding='utf-8') as f:contents=f.read().split('\n')
for item in contents:if item=='':continuelabels.append(item.split('\t')[0])datas.append(remove_stopwords(jieba.cut(item.split('\t')[-1])))datas=convert(datas)

 

2.加载模型 

加载预训练模型，冻结大部分参数

model = BertForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained('bert-base-chinese')
model.classifier = paddle.nn.Linear(768, 14)
for name, param in model.named_parameters():if "classifier" not in name and 'bert.pooler.dense' not in name and 'bert.encoder.layers.11' not in name:param.stop_gradient = True

ps：如果只保留classifier用来训练，效果欠佳。

设置超参数，学习率初始设为0.01~0.1

epochs=2
batch_size=1024*4
learning_rate=0.001

损失函数和优化器

criterion = paddle.nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
optimizer = paddle.optimizer.Adam(learning_rate=learning_rate, parameters=model.parameters())

3.批训练

划分训练集和测试集

datas=np.array(datas)
labels=np.array(labels)
x_train,x_test,y_train,y_test=train_test_split(datas,labels,random_state=42,test_size=0.2)
train_dataset=TensorDataset([x_train,y_train])
train_loader=DataLoader(train_dataset,shuffle=True,batch_size=batch_size)

迭代分批训练，可视化损失函数

total_loss=[]
for epoch in range(epochs):for batch_data,batch_label in train_loader:batch_label=paddle.to_tensor(batch_label,dtype='int64')batch_data=paddle.to_tensor(batch_data,dtype='int64')outputs=model(batch_data)loss=criterion(outputs,batch_label)print(epoch,loss.numpy()[0])total_loss.append(loss.numpy()[0])optimizer.clear_grad()loss.backward()optimizer.step()
paddle.save({'model':model.state_dict()},'model.param')
paddle.save({'optimizer':optimizer.state_dict()},'optimizer.param')
plt.plot(range(len(total_loss)),total_loss)
plt.show()

4.准确率

在测试集上如法炮制，查看准确率

total_loss=[]
x_test=np.array(x_test)
y_test=np.array(y_test)
test_dataset=TensorDataset([x_test,y_test])
test_loader=DataLoader(test_dataset,shuffle=True,batch_size=batch_size)with paddle.no_grad():for batch_data,batch_label in test_loader:batch_label=paddle.to_tensor(batch_label,dtype='int64')batch_data=paddle.to_tensor(batch_data,dtype='int64')outputs=model(batch_data)loss=criterion(outputs,batch_label)print(loss)outputs=paddle.argmax(outputs,axis=1)total_loss.append(loss.numpy()[0])score=0for predict,label in zip(outputs,batch_label):if predict==label:score+=1print(score/len(batch_label))
plt.plot(range(len(total_loss)),total_loss)
plt.show()

最后在验证集上输出要求的类别

arr=['财经','彩票','房产','股票','家居','教育','科技','社会','时尚','时政','体育','星座','游戏','娱乐']
evals=[]
contetns=[]
with open('data/data126283/data/Test.txt',mode='r',encoding='utf-8') as f:contents=f.read().split('\n')
for item in contents:if item=='':continueevals.append(item)
evals=convert(evals)
evals=np.array(evals)
with paddle.no_grad():for i in range(0,len(evals),2048):i=min(len(evals),i)batch_data=evals[i:i+2048]batch_data=paddle.to_tensor(batch_data,dtype='int64')predict=model(batch_data)predict=list(paddle.argmax(predict,axis=1))print(i,len(predict))for j in range(len(predict)):predict[j]=arr[predict[j]]with open('result.txt',mode='a',encoding='utf-8') as f:f.write('\n'.join(predict))f.write('\n')

ps：注意最后的f.write('\n')，否则除第一次，每次打印少一行，很坑

最后损失函数收敛在0.2或0.1左右比较正常，四舍五入差不多90准确率，当然如果你解冻更多参数，自然可以更加精确，看运行环境的配置了，建议不要使用免费平台配置，否则比乌龟还慢。。

欢迎提出问题

数据集