Qt问题：不同文件中相同命名空间的多个 Q

我在同一namespace中定义了2个enum，定义如下：

a.h

//
// Created by qiaowei on 2024/11/15.
//#ifndef ELECTRICITY_MONTHS_ENUM_H
#define ELECTRICITY_MONTHS_ENUM_H#include <QMetaObject>namespace data {Q_NAMESPACEenum class Months_enum {january,february,march,april,may,june,july,august,september,october,november,december};Q_ENUM_NS(Months_enum)} // data#endif //ELECTRICITY_MONTHS_ENUM_H

b.h

//
// Created by qiaowei on 2024/11/8.
//#ifndef ELECTRICITY_EXPENSE_ENUM_H
#define ELECTRICITY_EXPENSE_ENUM_H#include <QMetaObject>namespace data {Q_NAMESPACEenum class Expense_enum {electricity_bill,oil_bill,water_bill,gas_bill,internet_bill,other_bill};Q_ENUM_NS(Expense_enum)} // data#endif //ELECTRICITY_EXPENSE_ENUM_H

编译时报“ error C2011: “qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”:“struct”类型重定义”类似错误：

====================[ Build | Electricity | Debug ]=============================
C:\ProgramFiles\cmake-3.30.2-windows-x86_64\bin\cmake.exe --build D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug --target Electricity -j 14
[1/4] Automatic MOC and UIC for target Electricity
[2/4] Building CXX object CMakeFiles\Electricity.dir\data\enum\months_enum.cpp.obj
[3/4] Building CXX object CMakeFiles\Electricity.dir\Electricity_autogen\mocs_compilation.cpp.obj
FAILED: CMakeFiles/Electricity.dir/Electricity_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.obj 
C:\PROGRA~4\MICROS~1\2022\BUILDT~1\VC\Tools\MSVC\1437~1.328\bin\Hostx64\x64\cl.exe  /nologo /TP -DQT_CORE_LIB -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_UITOOLS_LIB -DQT_WIDGETS_LIB -ID:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\.\include\qxlsx -ID:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\.\include\test -external:ID:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\include -external:IC:\ProgramFiles\Qt\5.15.2\msvc2019_64\include -external:IC:\ProgramFiles\Qt\5.15.2\msvc2019_64\include\QtCore -external:IC:\ProgramFiles\Qt\5.15.2\msvc2019_64\.\mkspecs\win32-msvc -external:IC:\ProgramFiles\Qt\5.15.2\msvc2019_64\include\QtGui -external:IC:\ProgramFiles\Qt\5.15.2\msvc2019_64\include\QtANGLE -external:IC:\ProgramFiles\Qt\5.15.2\msvc2019_64\include\QtWidgets -external:IC:\ProgramFiles\Qt\5.15.2\msvc2019_64\include\QtUiTools -external:W0 /DWIN32 /D_WINDOWS /EHsc /Ob0 /Od /RTC1 -std:c++17 -MDd -Zi /utf-8 /showIncludes /FoCMakeFiles\Electricity.dir\Electricity_autogen\mocs_compilation.cpp.obj /FdCMakeFiles\Electricity.dir\ /FS -c D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\mocs_compilation.cpp
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(24): error C2011: “qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”:“struct”类型重定义
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_expense_enum.cpp(24): note: 参见“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(33): error C2374: “qt_meta_stringdata_data”: 重定义；多次初始化
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_expense_enum.cpp(33): note: 参见“qt_meta_stringdata_data”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(35): error C2027: 使用了未定义类型“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_expense_enum.cpp(24): note: 参见“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(35): error C2618: offsetof 中的非法成员指示符
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(35): note: offsetof 具有内在含义；使用 /Zc:offsetof- 还原到旧的非符合定义
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(36): error C2027: 使用了未定义类型“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_expense_enum.cpp(24): note: 参见“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(36): error C2618: offsetof 中的非法成员指示符
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(36): note: offsetof 具有内在含义；使用 /Zc:offsetof- 还原到旧的非符合定义
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(37): error C2027: 使用了未定义类型“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_expense_enum.cpp(24): note: 参见“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(37): error C2618: offsetof 中的非法成员指示符
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(37): note: offsetof 具有内在含义；使用 /Zc:offsetof- 还原到旧的非符合定义
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(38): error C2027: 使用了未定义类型“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_expense_enum.cpp(24): note: 参见“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(38): error C2618: offsetof 中的非法成员指示符
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(38): note: offsetof 具有内在含义；使用 /Zc:offsetof- 还原到旧的非符合定义
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(39): error C2027: 使用了未定义类型“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_expense_enum.cpp(24): note: 参见“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(39): error C2618: offsetof 中的非法成员指示符
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(39): note: offsetof 具有内在含义；使用 /Zc:offsetof- 还原到旧的非符合定义
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(40): error C2027: 使用了未定义类型“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_expense_enum.cpp(24): note: 参见“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(40): error C2618: offsetof 中的非法成员指示符
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(40): note: offsetof 具有内在含义；使用 /Zc:offsetof- 还原到旧的非符合定义
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(41): error C2027: 使用了未定义类型“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_expense_enum.cpp(24): note: 参见“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(41): error C2618: offsetof 中的非法成员指示符
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(41): note: offsetof 具有内在含义；使用 /Zc:offsetof- 还原到旧的非符合定义
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(42): error C2027: 使用了未定义类型“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_expense_enum.cpp(24): note: 参见“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(42): error C2618: offsetof 中的非法成员指示符
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(42): note: offsetof 具有内在含义；使用 /Zc:offsetof- 还原到旧的非符合定义
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(43): error C2027: 使用了未定义类型“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_expense_enum.cpp(24): note: 参见“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(43): error C2618: offsetof 中的非法成员指示符
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(43): note: offsetof 具有内在含义；使用 /Zc:offsetof- 还原到旧的非符合定义
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(44): error C2027: 使用了未定义类型“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_expense_enum.cpp(24): note: 参见“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(44): error C2618: offsetof 中的非法成员指示符
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(44): note: offsetof 具有内在含义；使用 /Zc:offsetof- 还原到旧的非符合定义
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(45): error C2027: 使用了未定义类型“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_expense_enum.cpp(24): note: 参见“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(45): error C2618: offsetof 中的非法成员指示符
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(45): note: offsetof 具有内在含义；使用 /Zc:offsetof- 还原到旧的非符合定义
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(46): error C2027: 使用了未定义类型“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_expense_enum.cpp(24): note: 参见“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(46): error C2618: offsetof 中的非法成员指示符
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(46): note: offsetof 具有内在含义；使用 /Zc:offsetof- 还原到旧的非符合定义
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(47): error C2027: 使用了未定义类型“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_expense_enum.cpp(24): note: 参见“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(47): error C2618: offsetof 中的非法成员指示符
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(47): note: offsetof 具有内在含义；使用 /Zc:offsetof- 还原到旧的非符合定义
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(48): error C2027: 使用了未定义类型“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_expense_enum.cpp(24): note: 参见“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(48): error C2618: offsetof 中的非法成员指示符
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(48): note: offsetof 具有内在含义；使用 /Zc:offsetof- 还原到旧的非符合定义
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(33): error C2027: 使用了未定义类型“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_expense_enum.cpp(24): note: 参见“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(57): error C2374: “qt_meta_data_data”: 重定义；多次初始化
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_expense_enum.cpp(51): note: 参见“qt_meta_data_data”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(90): error C2370: “data::staticMetaObject”: 重定义；不同的存储类
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4\../../../data/enum/months_enum.h(14): note: 参见“data::staticMetaObject”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(92): error C2027: 使用了未定义类型“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_expense_enum.cpp(24): note: 参见“qt_meta_stringdata_data_t”的声明
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(93): error C2440: “初始化”: 无法从“const uint [32]”转换为“const QByteArrayData *”
D:\programming\source-code\cpp\Electricity\cmake-build-debug\Electricity_autogen\PM3IPG3PG4/moc_months_enum.cpp(93): note: 指向的类型不相关; 转换需要 reinterpret_cast、C 样式强制转换或带圆括号的函数样式强制转换
ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.

高赞回答这是Qt的moc机制原因，目前无法解决：

官方 Qt 问题跟踪器中存在相应的问题：

QTBUG-68611。然而，该问题因超出范围而被关闭，因为由于 Qt 元对象编译器 (moc) 的设计，对此无能为力。
简而言之，Qt 不支持多个头文件，每个头文件都有
Q_NAMESPACE
 宏。这是不可能的。
或者，您可以
（尽管我不建议）有一个中间文件结构，如下所示：
// internal/C1.h #include <QObject> enum class Enum1 {A, B}; Q_ENUM_NS(Enum1)
//internal/C2.h #include <QObject> enum class Enum2 {A, B}; Q_ENUM_NS(Enum1)
// C.h #include <QObject> namespace SW { Q_NAMESPACE #include internal/C1.h #include internal/C2.h }