Python爬取豆瓣电影+数据可视化，爬虫教程！

1. 爬取数据

1.1 导入以下模块

import os
import re
import time
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from fake_useragent import UserAgent
from openpyxl import Workbook, load_workbook

1.2 获取每页电影链接

def getonepagelist(url,headers):try:r = requests.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=10)r.raise_for_status()r.encoding = 'utf-8'soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, 'html.parser')lsts = soup.find_all(attrs={'class': 'hd'})for lst in lsts:href = lst.a['href']time.sleep(0.5)getfilminfo(href, headers)except:print('getonepagelist error!')

1.3 获取每部电影具体信息

def getfilminfo(url,headers):filminfo = []r = requests.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=10)r.raise_for_status()r.encoding = 'utf-8'soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, 'html.parser')

1.4 保存数据

def insert2excel(filepath,allinfo):try:if not os.path.exists(filepath):tableTitle = ['片名','上映年份','评分','评价人数','导演','编剧','主演','类型','国家/地区','语言','时长(分钟)']wb = Workbook()ws = wb.activews.title = 'sheet1'ws.append(tableTitle)wb.save(filepath)time.sleep(3)wb = load_workbook(filepath)ws = wb.activews.title = 'sheet1'ws.append(allinfo)wb.save(filepath)return Trueexcept:return False

2. 数据可视化

2.1 导入以下模块

import pandas as pd
from pyecharts import options as opts
from pyecharts.charts import Bar

2.2 用pandas模块读取数据

data = pd.read_excel('/home/mw/input/TOP2508837/TOP250.xlsx')
data.head(10)

2.3 各年份上映电影数量柱状图（纵向）

def getzoombar(data):year_counts = data['上映年份'].value_counts()year_counts.columns = ['上映年份', '数量']year_counts = year_counts.sort_index()c = (Bar().add_xaxis(list(year_counts.index)).add_yaxis('上映数量', year_counts.values.tolist()).set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title='各年份上映电影数量'),yaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(name='上映数量'),xaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(name='上映年份'),datazoom_opts=[opts.DataZoomOpts(), opts.DataZoomOpts(type_='inside')],))

2.4 各地区上映电影数量前十柱状图（横向）

def getcountrybar(data):country_counts = data['国家/地区'].value_counts()country_counts.columns = ['国家/地区', '数量']country_counts = country_counts.sort_values(ascending=True)c = (Bar().add_xaxis(list(country_counts.index)[-10:]).add_yaxis('地区上映数量', country_counts.values.tolist()[-10:]).reversal_axis().set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title='地区上映电影数量'),yaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(name='国家/地区'),xaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(name='上映数量'),).set_series_opts(label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(position="right")))

2.5 电影评价人数前二十柱状图（横向）

def getscorebar(data):df = data.sort_values(by='评价人数', ascending=True)c = (Bar().add_xaxis(df['片名'].values.tolist()[-20:]).add_yaxis('评价人数', df['评价人数'].values.tolist()[-20:]).reversal_axis().set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title='电影评价人数'),yaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(name='片名'),xaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(name='人数'),datazoom_opts=opts.DataZoomOpts(type_='inside'),).set_series_opts(label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(position="right")))

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