引言

在现代web应用中，邮箱注册和登录是一种常见的用户验证方式。为了增强安全性和便捷性，我们可以利用Redis缓存存储验证码及其过期时间。本文将展示如何使用Spring Boot和Redis来实现邮箱验证码的注册与登录功能。

环境准备

1. 创建Spring Boot项目

首先，你需要创建一个Spring Boot项目，并配置必要的依赖。你可以使用Spring Initializr或编辑pom.xml文件。

pom.xml

<!-- 邮件发送 -->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>

2. 配置文件

application.yml

spring:datasource:url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/your_database?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTCusername: your_usernamepassword: your_passworddata:redis:host: localhostport: 6379password: your_passwordmail:host: smtp.qq.comport: 465username: your_email@qq.compassword: your_smtp_passwordproperties:mail:smtp:auth: truestarttls:enable: truessl:enable: true

3. 创建Redis配置类

RedisConfig.java

package com.example.demo.config;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {@Beanpublic RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(factory);redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer());return redisTemplate;}
}

4. 创建用户实体类

User.java

package com.example.demo.entity;import lombok.Data;import javax.persistence.*;@Data
@Entity
@Table(name = "users")
public class User {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)private Long id;@Column(nullable = false, unique = true)private String email;@Column(nullable = false)private String password;
}

5. 编写用户服务类

UserService.java

package com.example.demo.service;import com.example.demo.entity.User;
import com.example.demo.repository.UserRepository;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.Random;@Service
public class UserService {@Autowiredprivate UserRepository userRepository;@Autowiredprivate RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;@Autowiredprivate JavaMailSender mailSender;@Autowiredprivate BCryptPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;private static final String REDIS_KEY_PREFIX = "email:verification:";public void sendVerificationCode(String email) {String code = generateVerificationCode();redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(REDIS_KEY_PREFIX + email, code, 10, TimeUnit.MINUTES);// 发送邮件SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();message.setFrom("your_email@qq.com");message.setTo(email);message.setSubject("邮箱验证码");message.setText("您的验证码是：" + code + "，有效期为10分钟。");mailSender.send(message);}public boolean verifyCode(String email, String code) {String redisCode = (String) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(REDIS_KEY_PREFIX + email);return code.equals(redisCode);}public User registerUser(User user) {user.setPassword(passwordEncoder.encode(user.getPassword()));return userRepository.save(user);}private String generateVerificationCode() {Random random = new Random();return String.format("%06d", random.nextInt(999999));}
}

6，总结

核心代码

@Resource
JavaMailSender javaMailSender; /*** 发送邮件** @param email*/public void sendVerificationCode(String email) {// 1.构建邮件对象SimpleMailMessage simpleMailMessage = new SimpleMailMessage();simpleMailMessage.setFrom("1789714718@qq.com"); // 发送方simpleMailMessage.setTo(email); // 接收方simpleMailMessage.setSubject("【沙琪马】登录邮箱验证"); // 标题String code = RandomUtil.randomNumbers(4);// 随机一个 4位长度的验证码// 2.将验证码保存到redis中redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(REDIS_KEY_PREFIX + email, code, 10, TimeUnit.MINUTES);simpleMailMessage.setSentDate(new Date()); // 设置发送时间simpleMailMessage.setText("您本次邮箱登录的验证码是:" + code + ",有效时间为五分钟.请妥善保管,切勿泄露."); // 内容// 3.发送邮件javaMailSender.send(simpleMailMessage);log.info("邮件:" + email + ",发送成功");}