标题
- 前言
- 一、读写模拟工具中数据
- (1) 定义Controller层
- (2) 定义Service层实现
- 二、调试
- (1) 读数据
- (2) 向寄存器写单个数据
- (3) 向寄存器写多个数据
前言
参考文章:https://www.cnblogs.com/ioufev/p/10831289.html
该文中谈及常见的几种读取设备数据实现,说到modbus4j的通讯实现方式是同步的,实际应用中可能会读取大量的数据,需要异步进行,可以用modbus-master-tcp
本文也是基于modbus-master-tcp依赖库进行开发,它底层是基于Netty写的,所以具备高性能、支持异步
SpringBoot项目配置的核心依赖
<!--Modbus Master -->
<dependency><groupId>com.digitalpetri.modbus</groupId><artifactId>modbus-master-tcp</artifactId><version>1.2.0</version>
</dependency><!--Modbus Slave -->
<dependency><groupId>com.digitalpetri.modbus</groupId><artifactId>modbus-slave-tcp</artifactId><version>1.2.0</version>
</dependency>
设备模拟工具选择Modbus Slave,网上很多下载资源
一、读写模拟工具中数据
一开始我也把Server和Client搞混了,大家注意下面重点知识
重点知识
Modbus一主多从讲的是一次只有一个主机(Master)连接到网络,只有主设备(Master)可以启动通信并向从设备(Slave)发送请求,从设备不能主动发送;从设备(Slave)只能向主设备(Master)发送回复,且从设备就不能自己主动发送。
一个Master(物理网平台),多个Slave(设备);平台是Client,设备是Server
实现如下:
(1) 定义Controller层
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/modbus")
public class ModbusController {@Autowiredprivate ModbusTcpService modbusTcpService;// 连接slave设备@GetMapping(value = "/connect_slave")public ResponseMessage connectSlave(){return modbusTcpService.connectSlave();}// 读取保持寄存器@PostMapping(value = "/readHoldingRegisters")public ResponseMessage readHoldingRegisters(@RequestBody SlaveDto slaveDto) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {return modbusTcpService.readHoldingRegisters(slaveDto);}// 写单个寄存器@PostMapping(value = "/writeSingleRegister")public ResponseMessage writeSingleRegister(@RequestBody WriteSlaveDto wsDto) {return modbusTcpService.writeSingleRegister(wsDto);}// 写多个寄存器@PostMapping(value = "/writeMultipleRegisters")public ResponseMessage writeMultipleRegisters(@RequestBody WriteSlaveDto wsDto){return modbusTcpService.writeMultipleRegisters(wsDto);}}
其他相关类
SlaveDto.java
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Component
public class SlaveDto {private Integer slaveId;private Integer address;private Integer quantity;
}
WriteSlaveDto.java
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class WriteSlaveDto extends SlaveDto {// 写单个数值private Integer value;// 写多个数值private int[] values;
}
ResponseMessage.java就是常见的返回msg、code和data的类,随便找一个符合就行
(2) 定义Service层实现
@Service
@Slf4j
public class ModbusTcpService{@Autowiredprivate ModbusMasterUtil modbusMasterUtil;public ResponseMessage connectSlave() {try {modbusMasterUtil.createModbusConnector(ModbusClientConstants.IP, ModbusClientConstants.TCP_PORT);return ResponseMessage.ok();}catch (Exception e){log.error("connect slave fail, {}", e.getMessage());return ResponseMessage.error(e.getMessage());}}private ModbusTcpMaster checkConnectSlave() {return modbusMasterUtil.getModbusTcpMaster();}public ResponseMessage readHoldingRegisters(SlaveDto slaveDto) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {if (checkConnectSlave() == null) return ResponseMessage.error("not connect slave");CompletableFuture<int[]> registerFuture = modbusMasterUtil.readHoldingRegisters(slaveDto.getSlaveId(), slaveDto.getAddress(), slaveDto.getQuantity());int[] registerValues = registerFuture.get();if (registerFuture == null) return ResponseMessage.error("Read exception, please check json parameters");log.info("readHoldingRegisters info={}", Arrays.toString(registerValues));return ResponseMessage.ok(registerValues);}public ResponseMessage writeSingleRegister(WriteSlaveDto wsDto) {if (checkConnectSlave() == null) return ResponseMessage.error("not connect slave");modbusMasterUtil.writeSingleRegister(wsDto.getSlaveId(), wsDto.getAddress(), wsDto.getValue());return ResponseMessage.ok();}public ResponseMessage writeMultipleRegisters(WriteSlaveDto wsDto) {if (checkConnectSlave() == null) return ResponseMessage.error("not connect slave");if(wsDto.getValues().length != wsDto.getQuantity()) return ResponseMessage.error("quantity error");modbusMasterUtil.writeMultipleRegisters(wsDto.getSlaveId(), wsDto.getAddress(), wsDto.getQuantity(), wsDto.getValues());return ResponseMessage.ok();}
}
IP和Port就是一个常量类,写着Modbus默认的127.0.0.1和502
Modbus Tcp的工具类为ModbusMasterUtil,这来自于网上的,还挺好用
@Component
@Slf4j
public class ModbusMasterUtil {private ModbusTcpMaster modbusMaster = null;public ModbusTcpMaster getModbusTcpMaster() {return modbusMaster;}/*** 将两个int数拼接成为一个浮点数** @param highValue 高16位数值* @param lowValue 低16位数值* @return 返回拼接好的浮点数* @author huangji*/public static float concatenateFloat(int highValue, int lowValue) {int combinedValue = ((highValue << 16) | (lowValue & 0xFFFF));return Float.intBitsToFloat(combinedValue);}public static int[] floatToIntArray(float floatValue) {int combinedIntValue = Float.floatToIntBits(floatValue);int[] resultArray = new int[2];resultArray[0] = (combinedIntValue >> 16) & 0xFFFF;resultArray[1] = combinedIntValue & 0xFFFF;return resultArray;}/*** 将传入的boolean[]类型数组按位转换成byte[]类型数组** @param booleans 传入的boolean数组* @return 返回转化后的 byte[]* @author huangji*/public static byte[] booleanToByte(boolean[] booleans) {BitSet bitSet = new BitSet(booleans.length);for (int i = 0; i < booleans.length; i++) {bitSet.set(i, booleans[i]);}return bitSet.toByteArray();}/*** 将传入的int[]类型数组转换成为byte[]类型数组** @param values 传入的int[]数组* @return 返回 byte[]类型的数组* @author huangji*/public static byte[] intToByte(int[] values) {byte[] bytes = new byte[values.length * 2];for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += 2) {bytes[i] = (byte) (values[i / 2] >> 8 & 0xFF);bytes[i + 1] = (byte) (values[i / 2] & 0xFF);}return bytes;}/*** 根据传入的ip地址,创建modbus连接器** @param ipAddr ip地址* @return 创建连接器,并进行连接,之后返回此连接器* @author huangji*/public CompletableFuture<ModbusTcpMaster> createModbusConnector(String ipAddr) {return createModbusConnector(ipAddr, ModbusClientConstants.TCP_PORT);}/*** 根据传入的ip地址,创建modbus连接器** @param ipAddr ip地址* @param port 端口号* @return 创建连接器,并进行连接,之后返回此连接器* @author huangji*/public CompletableFuture<ModbusTcpMaster> createModbusConnector(String ipAddr, int port) {return createModbusConnector(new ModbusNetworkAddress(ipAddr, port));}/*** 根据传入的ModbusNetworkAddress\引用,创建modbus连接器** @param modbusNetworkAddress ModbusNetworkAddress类型的实体对象引用* @return 创建连接器,并进行连接,之后返回此连接器* @author huangji*/public CompletableFuture<ModbusTcpMaster> createModbusConnector(ModbusNetworkAddress modbusNetworkAddress) {String ipAddr = modbusNetworkAddress.getIpAddr();int port = modbusNetworkAddress.getPort();if (modbusMaster == null) {ModbusTcpMasterConfig masterConfig = new ModbusTcpMasterConfig.Builder(ipAddr).setPort(port).setTimeout(Duration.parse(ModbusClientConstants.TIMEOUT_DURATION)).setPersistent(true).setLazy(false).build();modbusMaster = new ModbusTcpMaster(masterConfig);}return modbusMaster.connect();}public void setBooleanArray(short unsignedShortValue, int[] array, int index, int size) {for (int i = index; i < index + size; i++) {array[i] = (unsignedShortValue & (0x01 << (i - index))) != 0 ? 1 : 0;}}/*** 异步方法,读取modbus设备的线圈值,对应功能号01** @param slaveId 设备id* @param address 要读取的寄存器地址* @param quantity 要读取的寄存器数量* @return 返回 CompletableFuture<int[]>* @author huangji*/public CompletableFuture<int[]> readCoils(int slaveId, int address, int quantity) {CompletableFuture<ReadCoilsResponse> futureResponse = modbusMaster.sendRequest(new ReadCoilsRequest(address, quantity),slaveId);return futureResponse.handle((response, ex) -> {if (ex != null) {ReferenceCountUtil.release(response);return null;} else {ByteBuf byteBuf = response.getCoilStatus();int[] values = new int[quantity];int minimum = Math.min(quantity, byteBuf.capacity() * 8);for (int i = 0; i < minimum; i += 8) {setBooleanArray(byteBuf.readUnsignedByte(), values, i, Math.min(minimum - i, 8));}ReferenceCountUtil.release(response);return values;}});}/*** 异步方法,读取modbus设备的离散输入值,对应功能号02** @param slaveId 设备id* @param address 要读取的寄存器地址* @param quantity 要读取的寄存器数量* @return 返回 CompletableFuture<int[]>* @author huangji*/public CompletableFuture<int[]> readDiscreteInputs(int slaveId, int address, int quantity) {CompletableFuture<ReadDiscreteInputsResponse> futureResponse = modbusMaster.sendRequest(new ReadDiscreteInputsRequest(address, quantity),slaveId);return futureResponse.handle((response, ex) -> {if (ex != null) {ReferenceCountUtil.release(response);return null;} else {ByteBuf byteBuf = response.getInputStatus();int[] values = new int[quantity];int minimum = Math.min(quantity, byteBuf.capacity() * 8);for (int i = 0; i < minimum; i += 8) {setBooleanArray(byteBuf.readUnsignedByte(), values, i, Math.min(minimum - i, 8));}ReferenceCountUtil.release(response);return values;}});}/*** 异步方法,读取modbus设备的保持寄存器值,对应功能号03** @param slaveId 设备id* @param address 要读取的寄存器地址* @param quantity 要读取的寄存器数量* @return 返回 CompletableFuture<int[]>* @author huangji*/public CompletableFuture<int[]> readHoldingRegisters(int slaveId, int address, int quantity) {CompletableFuture<ReadHoldingRegistersResponse> futureResponse = modbusMaster.sendRequest(new ReadHoldingRegistersRequest(address, quantity),slaveId);return futureResponse.handle((response, ex) -> {if (ex != null) {ReferenceCountUtil.release(response);return null;} else {ByteBuf byteBuf = response.getRegisters();int[] values = new int[quantity];for (int i = 0; i < byteBuf.capacity() / 2; i++) {values[i] = byteBuf.readUnsignedShort();}ReferenceCountUtil.release(response);return values;}});}/*** 异步方法,读取modbus设备的输入寄存器值,对应功能号04** @param slaveId 设备id* @param address 要读取的寄存器地址* @param quantity 要读取的寄存器数量* @return 返回 CompletableFuture<int[]>* @author huangji*/public CompletableFuture<int[]> readInputRegisters(int slaveId, int address, int quantity) {CompletableFuture<ReadInputRegistersResponse> futureResponse = modbusMaster.sendRequest(new ReadInputRegistersRequest(address, quantity),slaveId);return futureResponse.handle((response, ex) -> {if (ex != null) {ReferenceCountUtil.release(response);return null;} else {ByteBuf byteBuf = response.getRegisters();int[] values = new int[quantity];for (int i = 0; i < byteBuf.capacity() / 2; i++) {values[i] = byteBuf.readUnsignedShort();}ReferenceCountUtil.release(response);return values;}});}/*** 异步方法,写入单个线圈的数值,对应功能号05** @param slaveId 设备id* @param address 要读取的寄存器地址* @param value 要写入的boolean值* @return 返回 CompletableFuture<Boolean>* @author huangji*/public CompletableFuture<Boolean> writeSingleCoil(int slaveId, int address, boolean value) {CompletableFuture<WriteSingleCoilResponse> futureResponse = modbusMaster.sendRequest(new WriteSingleCoilRequest(address, value),slaveId);return futureResponse.handle((response, ex) -> {if (ex != null) {ReferenceCountUtil.release(response);return false;} else {boolean responseValue = response.getValue() != 0;ReferenceCountUtil.release(response);return responseValue == value;}});}/*** 异步方法,写入单个寄存器的数值,对应功能号06** @param slaveId 设备id* @param address 要读取的寄存器地址* @param value 要写入的值* @return 返回 CompletableFuture<Boolean>* @author huangji*/public CompletableFuture<Boolean> writeSingleRegister(int slaveId, int address, int value) {CompletableFuture<WriteSingleRegisterResponse> futureResponse = modbusMaster.sendRequest(new WriteSingleRegisterRequest(address, value),slaveId);return futureResponse.handle((response, ex) -> {if (ex != null) {ReferenceCountUtil.release(response);return false;} else {int responseValue = response.getValue();ReferenceCountUtil.release(response);return responseValue == value;}});}/*** 异步方法,写入多个线圈的数值,对应功能号15** @param slaveId 设备id* @param address 要写入的寄存器地址* @param quantity 要写入的寄存器个数* @param values 要写入的boolean[]* @return 返回 CompletableFuture<Boolean>* @author huangji*/public CompletableFuture<Boolean> writeMultipleCoils(int slaveId, int address, int quantity, boolean[] values) {byte[] bytes = booleanToByte(values);CompletableFuture<WriteMultipleCoilsResponse> futureResponse = modbusMaster.sendRequest(new WriteMultipleCoilsRequest(address, quantity, bytes),slaveId);return futureResponse.handle((response, ex) -> {if (ex != null) {ReferenceCountUtil.release(response);return false;} else {int responseQuantity = response.getQuantity();ReferenceCountUtil.release(response);return values.length == responseQuantity;}});}/*** 异步方法,写入多个寄存器的数值,对应功能号16** @param slaveId 设备id* @param address 要写入的寄存器地址* @param quantity 要写入的寄存器个数* @param values 要写入的int[]* @return 返回 CompletableFuture<Boolean>* @author huangji*/public CompletableFuture<Boolean> writeMultipleRegisters(int slaveId, int address, int quantity, int[] values) {byte[] bytes = intToByte(values);CompletableFuture<WriteMultipleRegistersResponse> futureResponse = modbusMaster.sendRequest(new WriteMultipleRegistersRequest(address, quantity, bytes),slaveId);return futureResponse.handle((response, ex) -> {if (ex != null) {ReferenceCountUtil.release(response);return false;} else {int responseQuantity = response.getQuantity();ReferenceCountUtil.release(response);return values.length == responseQuantity;}});}/*** 关闭连接器并释放相关资源** @author huangji*/public void disposeModbusConnector() {if (modbusMaster != null) {modbusMaster.disconnect();}Modbus.releaseSharedResources();}}
二、调试
首先要在Modbus Slave工具点击Connect进行连接,随便输入一些数字,然后发送请求;
注:可以先用connect_slave接口发送请求建立平台与设备的连接