安装
下载安装包
我自己电脑是 Windows7 的老古董，所以就下载老版本的 MongoDB。
mongodb:
https://fastdl.mongodb.org/win32/mongodb-win32-x86_64-2012plus-4.2.1.zip
解压安装包到指定路径
我解压到的 C 盘
C:\mongodb-4.2.1
添加环境变量
创建数据库和日志目录
启动守护进程
mongod --dbpath "C:\mongodb-4.2.1\data" --logpath "C:\mongodb-4.2.1\logs\mongo.log"
连接MongoDB数据库
mongo
下载 MongoDB Compass
compass:
https://downloads.mongodb.com/compass/mongodb-compass-1.25.0-win32-x64.zip
启动连接数据库
用户名密码登录
默认不需要用户名密码即可登录，但我们可以自己创建用户名密码以及指定对应的的权限。
db.createUser({user: "admin",pwd: "admin",roles: [ { role: "readWrite", db: "admin"} ]}
)
然后就可以使用新的用户名密码在 Compass 进行登录了。
使用
数据库操作
创建数据库
> use test
switched to db test集合操作
创建集合
db.createCollection("orders")
{ ok: 1 }操作文档
插入文档
db.orders.insertOne({ "username": "Tom", "product": "phone", "price": 1000 })
查询文档
db.orders.find({username:"Tom"})
{ _id: ObjectId("665c333e567231295cf51a71"),username: 'Tom',product: 'phone',price: 1000 }索引操作
创建索引
db.orders.createIndex({ "username": 1 })
{ createdCollectionAutomatically: false,numIndexesBefore: 1,numIndexesAfter: 2,ok: 1 }API接口
Python连接操作
from pymongo import MongoClient# 创建MongoDB连接
client = MongoClient('mongodb://admin:admin@localhost:27017')# 选择数据库和集合
db = client['test'] # 选择数据库
collection = db['orders'] # 选择集合class MongoDbHandler:def __init__(self):self.client = clientself.db = client['test']self.collection = self.db['orders']def list_database_names(self):print(self.client.list_database_names())def find_data(self):# for document in self.collection.find({"username": "Looking"}):for document in self.collection.find().sort("username"):print(document)# {'_id': ObjectId('665c333e567231295cf51a71'), 'username': 'Tom', 'product': 'phone', 'price': 1000}# {'_id': ObjectId('665c33d6567231295cf51a72'), 'username': 'Looking', 'product': 'Book', 'price': 50}# {'_id': ObjectId('665c3c7cec9751b7de2b09d6'), 'username': 'John', 'product': 'Shoes', 'price': 500}# {'_id': ObjectId('665c3d90b7e847ae9f730c62'), 'username': 'Sandra', 'product': 'Shoes', 'price': 500}# {'_id': ObjectId('665c3d90b7e847ae9f730c63'), 'username': 'Jerry', 'product': 'Food', 'price': 500}def insert_one(self):data = {"username": "John", "product": "Shoes", "price": 500}res = self.collection.insert_one(data)print(res) # InsertOneResult(ObjectId('665c3c7cec9751b7de2b09d6'), acknowledged=True)def insert_many(self):datas = [{"username": "Sandra", "product": "Shoes", "price": 500},{"username": "Jerry", "product": "Food", "price": 500},]res = self.collection.insert_many(datas)print(res)# InsertManyResult([ObjectId('665c3d90b7e847ae9f730c62'), ObjectId('665c3d90b7e847ae9f730c63')], acknowledged=True)def update_data(self):query = {"username": "Tom"}new_values = {"$set": {"price": 12345}}res = self.collection.update_one(query, new_values) # update_one 只修改匹配到的第一个结果# res = self.collection.update_many(query, new_values) # update_many 用于修改所有匹配的结果print("matched:", res.matched_count)# matched: 1print("modified:", res.modified_count)# modified: 1def delete_data(self):query = {"username": "John"}res = self.collection.delete_one(query) # delete_one 只删除匹配到的第一个结果print("acknowledged:", res.acknowledged)# acknowledged: Trueprint("deleted_count:", res.deleted_count)# deleted_count: 1if __name__ == '__main__':mongodb_handler = MongoDbHandler()# mongodb_handler.list_database_names()mongodb_handler.find_data()# mongodb_handler.insert_one()# mongodb_handler.insert_many()# mongodb_handler.update_data()# mongodb_handler.delete_data()
