介绍
AES 是 Advanced Encryption Standard 的缩写,是最常见的对称加密算法。AES 在密码学中又称 Rijndael 加密法,是美国联邦政府采用的一种区块加密标准。这个标准用来替代原先的 DES,已经被多方分析且广为全世界所使用。
基本原理:AES 的加密公式为 C=E(K,P),其中 K 为密钥,P 为明文,C 为密文。
加密流程图:
封装工具方法
JS 工具方法
// 引入依赖
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/crypto-js/4.0.0/crypto-js.min.js"></script>// 加密方法
function encrypt(content, key) {return CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(content, CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB,padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7}).ciphertext.toString();
}// 解密方法
function decrypt(content, key) {return CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(CryptoJS.enc.Base64.stringify(CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(content)), CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB,padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7}).toString(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8);
}
例子:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8" /><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/crypto-js/4.0.0/crypto-js.min.js"></script><script>var key = "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx";function encryptText() {var plain = document.getElementById("plain").value;var encrypted = encrypt(plain, key);document.getElementById("encrypted").value = encrypted;}function decryptText() {var encrypted = document.getElementById("todecrypt").value;var decrypted = decrypt(encrypted, key);document.getElementById("decrypted").value = decrypted;}// 加密方法function encrypt(content, key) {return CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(content, CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB,padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7}).ciphertext.toString();}// 解密方法function decrypt(content, key) {return CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(CryptoJS.enc.Base64.stringify(CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(content)), CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB,padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7}).toString(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8);}</script>
</head>
<body><h2>加解密测试</h2><div style="padding: 1rem 0"><input id="plain" type="text" /><button type="button" onclick="encryptText()">加密</button><input id="encrypted" type="text"/></div><div><input id="todecrypt" type="text"/><button type="button" onclick="decryptText()">解密</button><input id="decrypted" type="text"/></div>
</body>
</html>
VUE 工具方法
// 添加依赖
npm install crypto-js// 加密方法
function onEncrypt(content: any, key: any) {return CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(content, CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB,padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7,}).ciphertext.toString().toUpperCase();
}// 解密方法
function onDecrypt(content: any, key: any) {return CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(CryptoJS.enc.Base64.stringify(CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(content)), CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB,padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7,}).toString(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8);
}
例子:
<script setup lang="ts">
import { onMounted, reactive, toRefs } from "vue";
import CryptoJS from "crypto-js";const state = reactive({key: "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx",plain: null,encrypted: null,todecrypt: null,decrypted: null
})
const {key,plain,encrypted,todecrypt,decrypted} = toRefs(state)function encryptText() {state.encrypted = onEncrypt(state.plain, state.key);
}function decryptText() {state.decrypted = onDecrypt(state.todecrypt, state.key);
}// 加密方法
function onEncrypt(content: any, key: any) {return CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(content, CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB,padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7,}).ciphertext.toString().toUpperCase();
}// 解密方法
function onDecrypt(content: any, key: any) {return CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(CryptoJS.enc.Base64.stringify(CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(content)), CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB,padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7,}).toString(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8);
}
</script>
<template><div class="aes"><h1>AES加解密</h1><el-row :gutter="20" style="padding: 1rem 0"><el-col :span="6"><el-input v-model="plain" placeholder="请输入内容"></el-input></el-col><el-col :span="2"><el-button type="primary" @click="encryptText()">加密</el-button></el-col><el-col :span="12"><div>{{state.encrypted}}</div></el-col></el-row><el-row :gutter="20"><el-col :span="6"><el-input v-model="todecrypt" placeholder="请输入内容"></el-input></el-col><el-col :span="2"><el-button type="primary" @click="decryptText()">解密</el-button></el-col><el-col :span="12"><div>{{state.decrypted}}</div></el-col></el-row></div>
</template>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.aes {text-align: center;
}
</style>
JAVA 工具类
package com.tansci.util;import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;/*** @ClassName: AESUtil.java* @ClassPath: com.tansci.util.AESUtil.java* @Description: AES对称加解密工具类* @Author: tanyp* @Date: 2024/4/18 12:00**/
public class AESUtil {/*** @MonthName: encrypt* @Description: 加密* @Author: tanyp* @Date: 2024/4/18 12:00* @Param: [content, key: 16位]* @return: java.lang.String**/public static String encrypt(String content, String key) throws Exception {KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");kgen.init(128);Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding");cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(), "AES"));byte[] b = cipher.doFinal(content.getBytes("utf-8"));return Hex.encodeHexString(b);}/*** @MonthName: decrypt* @Description: 解密* @Author: tanyp* @Date: 2024/4/18 12:00* @Param: [encryptStr, key:16位]* @return: java.lang.String**/public static String decrypt(String encryptStr, String key) throws Exception {KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");kgen.init(128);Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding");cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(), "AES"));byte[] encrypttBytes = Hex.decodeHex(encryptStr);byte[] decryptBytes = cipher.doFinal(encrypttBytes);return new String(decryptBytes);}}
MYSQL 使用方法
-- 加密
select HEX(AES_ENCRYPT('admin','xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx'))-- 解密
select CONVERT(AES_DECRYPT(UNHEX('305e188e6818582f8298551e4b50702a'),'xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx') USING UTF8MB4)
select AES_DECRYPT(UNHEX('4C80D7BE4719ED572565378025E7AC85'),'xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx')