Vue 3 的 diff 算法相较于 Vue 2 有了一些改进和优化,主要是为了应对更复杂的组件结构和更高的性能需求。
以下是 Vue 3 diff 算法在处理列表更新时的大致步骤:
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头头比较:首先,比较新旧列表的头节点(即第一个节点)。如果它们相同(基于 key 判断),则复用该节点,并移动两个列表的头指针到下一个节点。
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尾尾比较:然后,比较新旧列表的尾节点(即最后一个节点)。如果它们相同,也复用该节点,并移动两个列表的尾指针到前一个节点。
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移动或创建节点:如果头头比较和尾尾比较都没有找到可复用的节点,Vue 会尝试在旧列表中查找与新节点匹配的节点。如果找到了,则移动该节点到正确的位置;如果没有找到,则创建一个新节点。
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删除节点:最后,检查旧列表中是否有剩余的节点没有被复用或移动。如果有,说明这些节点在新列表中不再需要,因此将它们从 DOM 中删除。
前置节点后置节点比对:
前置节点(头头比较):
比较新旧列表的头节点(即第一个节点)。如果它们相同(基于 key 判断),则复用该节点,并移动两个列表的头指针到下一个节点。
// 1. sync from start// (a b) c// (a b) d e// 处理相同的前置节点while (i <= e1 && i <= e2) {// 获取索引为 i 的 新老节点 n1 和 n2const n1 = c1[i]const n2 = (c2[i] = optimized? cloneIfMounted(c2[i] as VNode): normalizeVNode(c2[i]))// 判断n1和n2新老节点相同的话,进行节点的更新操作if (isSameVNodeType(n1, n2)) {patch(n1,n2,container,null,parentComponent,parentSuspense,namespace,slotScopeIds,optimized,)} else {// n1 和 n2 不是相同节点话,前置节点的处理结束break}// 循环比对下一对前置节点i++}
后置节点(尾尾比较):
比较新旧列表的尾节点(即最后一个节点)。如果它们相同,也复用该节点,并移动两个列表的尾指针到前一个节点。
// 2. sync from end// a (b c)// d e (b c)// 处理相同的后置节点while (i <= e1 && i <= e2) {// 从最后的节点开始查找,获取的相关节点n1 和 n2const n1 = c1[e1]const n2 = (c2[e2] = optimized? cloneIfMounted(c2[e2] as VNode): normalizeVNode(c2[e2]))// 如果 n1 和 n2 是相同类型节点的话,则进行节点的更新操作if (isSameVNodeType(n1, n2)) {patch(n1,n2,container,null,parentComponent,parentSuspense,namespace,slotScopeIds,optimized,)} else {// 当n1 和 n2 两个新老节点不相同时,处理结束break}e1--e2--}
当比对完前置节点和后置节点后,记录e1、e2、i这三个值,后面需要用到;
仅有新增节点:
在第一步和第二步处理完前后置节点,如果新节点中是仅有新增节点;
源码解析:
根据上图,当 i > e1 并且 i <= e2 就是仅有新增节点
// 仅有新增节点: 当新节点和旧节点对比时,发现新节点仅有新增节点,只需要将新的节点遍历挂载到新的节点树上if (i > e1) {if (i <= e2) {const nextPos = e2 + 1const anchor = nextPos < l2 ? (c2[nextPos] as VNode).el : parentAnchorwhile (i <= e2) {patch(null,(c2[i] = optimized? cloneIfMounted(c2[i] as VNode): normalizeVNode(c2[i])),container,anchor,parentComponent,parentSuspense,namespace,slotScopeIds,optimized,)i++}}}
仅有卸载节点:
在第一步和第二步处理完前后置节点,如果新节点中是仅有卸载节点;
源码解析:
根据上图,当 i > e2 并且 i <= e1 就是仅有卸载节点
// 仅有卸载节点:else if (i > e2) {while (i <= e1) {unmount(c1[i], parentComponent, parentSuspense, true)i++}}
乱序的节点:
源码解析:
else {const s1 = i // prev starting index 旧节点索引const s2 = i // next starting index 新节点索引// 5.1 build key:index map for newChildren// 新节点位置映射表, 在前后置节点比较完的中间其余节点都拿出来,放在这个表中const keyToNewIndexMap: Map<string | number | symbol, number> = new Map()for (i = s2; i <= e2; i++) {const nextChild = (c2[i] = optimized? cloneIfMounted(c2[i] as VNode): normalizeVNode(c2[i]))if (nextChild.key != null) {if (__DEV__ && keyToNewIndexMap.has(nextChild.key)) {warn(`Duplicate keys found during update:`,JSON.stringify(nextChild.key),`Make sure keys are unique.`,)}keyToNewIndexMap.set(nextChild.key, i)}}// 5.2 loop through old children left to be patched and try to patch// matching nodes & remove nodes that are no longer presentlet jlet patched = 0// 新节点与旧节点对比后,需要变更的数量const toBePatched = e2 - s2 + 1// 移动标识let moved = false// used to track whether any node has moved// 当前最远位置let maxNewIndexSoFar = 0// works as Map<newIndex, oldIndex>// Note that oldIndex is offset by +1// and oldIndex = 0 is a special value indicating the new node has// no corresponding old node.// used for determining longest stable subsequence// 新旧节点位置映射表,默认值:新节点需要处理的个数const newIndexToOldIndexMap = new Array(toBePatched)for (i = 0; i < toBePatched; i++) newIndexToOldIndexMap[i] = 0for (i = s1; i <= e1; i++) {const prevChild = c1[i]if (patched >= toBePatched) {// all new children have been patched so this can only be a removalunmount(prevChild, parentComponent, parentSuspense, true)continue}let newIndexif (prevChild.key != null) {// 从新节点位置映射表中找旧节点映射值newIndex = keyToNewIndexMap.get(prevChild.key)} else {// key-less node, try to locate a key-less node of the same typefor (j = s2; j <= e2; j++) {if (newIndexToOldIndexMap[j - s2] === 0 &&isSameVNodeType(prevChild, c2[j] as VNode)) {newIndex = jbreak}}}if (newIndex === undefined) {// 当旧节点在新节点位置映射表中没有找到,直接卸载unmount(prevChild, parentComponent, parentSuspense, true)} else {// 当旧节点在新节点位置映射表中找到,更改新旧节点映射表中的值newIndexToOldIndexMap[newIndex - s2] = i + 1// if (newIndex >= maxNewIndexSoFar) {maxNewIndexSoFar = newIndex} else {moved = true}patch(prevChild,c2[newIndex] as VNode,container,null,parentComponent,parentSuspense,namespace,slotScopeIds,optimized,)patched++}}// 5.3 move and mount// generate longest stable subsequence only when nodes have movedconst increasingNewIndexSequence = moved? getSequence(newIndexToOldIndexMap): EMPTY_ARRj = increasingNewIndexSequence.length - 1// looping backwards so that we can use last patched node as anchorfor (i = toBePatched - 1; i >= 0; i--) {const nextIndex = s2 + iconst nextChild = c2[nextIndex] as VNodeconst anchor =nextIndex + 1 < l2 ? (c2[nextIndex + 1] as VNode).el : parentAnchorif (newIndexToOldIndexMap[i] === 0) {// mount newpatch(null,nextChild,container,anchor,parentComponent,parentSuspense,namespace,slotScopeIds,optimized,)} else if (moved) {// move if:// There is no stable subsequence (e.g. a reverse)// OR current node is not among the stable sequenceif (j < 0 || i !== increasingNewIndexSequence[j]) {move(nextChild, container, anchor, MoveType.REORDER)} else {j--}}}}