OCR基础示例

我直接

上代码

from PIL import Image
import pytesseract# 0 Orientation and script detection (OSD) only.
# 1 Automatic page segmentation with OSD.
# 2 Automatic page segmentation, but no OSD, or OCR.
# 3 Fully automatic page segmentation, but no OSD. (Default)
# 4 Assume a single column of text of variable sizes.
# 5 Assume a single uniform block of vertically aligned text.
# 6 Assume a single uniform block of text.
# 7 Treat the image as a single text line.
# 8 Treat the image as a single word.
# 9 Treat the image as a single word in a circle.
# 10 Treat the image as a single character.
# 11 Sparse text. Find as much text as possible in no particular order.
# 12 Sparse text with OSD.
# 13 Raw line. Treat the image as a single text line, bypassing hacks that are Tesseract-specific.def get_chaptcha(psm):pytesseract.pytesseract.tesseract_cmd = r'D:\Tesseract-OCR\tesseract.exe'# 打开图像并转换为灰度图像image = Image.open('captcha.png').convert('L')# image = Image.open('captcha.png')# 使用 OCR 识别验证码captcha_text = pytesseract.image_to_string(image, config=f'--psm {psm}')print(captcha_text)return captcha_textif __name__ == '__main__':get_chaptcha(1)

主要难点就是安装Tesseract-OCR了，去GItHub上搜一搜，去搜索引擎上搜一搜就能下载到了 

然后就是使用tesseract_cmd 指定你的tesseract.exe的位置

Tesseract就是一个别人开发好的用来识别验证码的工具，下载好之后是为了给Python调用的

而pytesseract这个库就是为了调用Tesseract-OCR的

注意：OCR一共有13个模式，一般用索引为1的模式会比较通用，特别是像我这种小白，索引1的模式准没错

Selenium基础实战示例

time.sleep(1)
captcha_png_tag = chrome.find_xpath('//*[@id="captchaImg"]')
# captcha_url = captcha_png_tag.get_attribute('src')
captcha_png_tag.screenshot('captcha.png')
time.sleep(1)
captcha_text = simple_ocr.get_chaptcha(1)
time.sleep(1)
print(captcha_text)
if captcha_text == "":login()captcha_input_tag = chrome.find_xpath('//*[@id="captcha"]')
chrome.input_message_tag(captcha_text, captcha_input_tag)time.sleep(2)
# 检查是否出现了验证码错误弹窗
if check_captcha_error(chrome.driver):close_all_alert(chrome.driver)chrome.driver.refresh()time.sleep(2)  # 等待2秒以确保页面已经加载login()

有的网站的验证码是动态验证码，不能用下载原图的方式获取验证码的图片

只能通过Selenium自带的截图功能截图保存，这个截图功能还是挺好用的，可以支持仅截图某个页面元素

注意：有时候OCR无法识别验证码，会返回空结果，这个时候就得刷新验证码或者刷新网页再次尝试登录了