1. 线程安全的栈容器

#include <exception>
#include <memory>
#include <mutex>
#include <stack>struct empty_stack : std::exception {const char *what () const throw();
};template <typename T>
class threadsafe_stack {
private:std::stack<T> m_data;mutable std::mutex m_mutex;public:threadsafe_stack(){}threadsafe_stack (const threadsafe_stack &other){std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock (m_mutex);m_data = other.m_data;}threadsafe_stack &operator= (const threadsafe_stack &) = delete;void push (T new_value){std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock (m_mutex);m_data.push (std::move (new_value));}std::shared_ptr<T> pop (){std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock (m_mutex);if (m_data.empty())throw empty_stack();const std::shared_ptr<T> res (std::make_shared<T> (std::move (m_data.top())));m_data.pop();return res;}void pop (T &value){std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock (m_mutex);if (m_data.empty())throw empty_stack();value = std::move (m_data.top());m_data.pop();}bool empty () const{std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock (m_mutex);return m_data.empty();}
};

2. 线程安全的队列容器

采用条件变量实现。

#include <condition_variable>
#include <mutex>
#include <queue>
#include <thread>template <typename T>
class threadsafe_queue {
private:mutable std::mutex m_mutex;std::queue<T> m_data_queue;std::condition_variable m_data_cond;
public:threadsafe_queue(){}void push (T new_value){std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock (m_mutex);m_data_queue.push (std::move (new_value));m_data_cond.notify_one();}void wait_and_pop (T &value){std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock (m_mutex);m_data_cond.wait (lock, [this] { return !m_data_queue.empty(); });value = std::move (m_data_queue.front());m_data_queue.pop();}std::shared_ptr<T> wait_and_pop (){std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock (m_mutex);m_data_cond.wait (lock, [this] { return !m_data_queue.empty(); });std::shared_ptr<T> res (std::make_shared<T> (std::move (m_data_queue.front())));m_data_queue.pop();return res;}bool try_pop (T &value){std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock (m_mutex);if (m_data_queue.empty())return false;value = std::move (m_data_queue.front());m_data_queue.pop();return false;}std::shared_ptr<T> try_pop (){std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock (m_mutex);if (m_data_queue.empty())return std::make_shared<T>();std::shared_ptr<T> res (std::make_shared<T> (std::move (m_data_queue.front())));m_data_queue.pop();return res;}bool empty () const{std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock (m_mutex);return m_data_queue.empty();}
};

参考书籍：《C++并发编程实战 第2版》