技术背景
我们在做执法记录仪或指挥系统的时候,会遇到这样的情况,大多场景下,我们是不需要把设备端的数据,实时传给国标平台端的,默认只需要本地录像留底,如果指挥中心需要查看前端设备实时数据的时候,发起视频播放请求,设备侧再推送数据到平台侧,如需语音广播,只要发起语音广播(broadcast),GB28181设备接入侧响应,然后发送INVITE请求等,完成语音广播和语音对讲。此外,考虑到设备侧的上行带宽瓶颈,一般来说,本地录像需要尽可能清晰(比如1920*1080分辨率),上传视频数据,传输1280*720分辨率,也就是我们传统意义提到的双码流编码。
技术实现
带着这些问题,以Android平台设备接入模块为例,我们来逐一分析解决:
按需编码
按需编码,只需要Android平台GB28181设备接入端,完成设备到平台的注册(register),然后平台侧发起catalog查询设备,并维持心跳信息,如果订阅了实时位置信息,按照设定间隔,实时上报位置信息即可。
在需要录像或指挥中心需要播放前端设备实时音视频数据的时候,我们才编码音视频数据,这样保证,待机时,最小化的资源占用。
以上图为例,只需点击“启动GB28181”即可,对应的代码实现如下:
class ButtonGB28181AgentListener implements View.OnClickListener {public void onClick(View v) {stopAudioPlayer();destoryRTPReceiver();gb_broadcast_source_id_ = null;gb_broadcast_target_id_ = null;btnGB28181AudioBroadcast.setText("GB28181语音广播");btnGB28181AudioBroadcast.setEnabled(false);stopGB28181Stream();destoryRTPSender();if (null == gb28181_agent_ ) {if( !initGB28181Agent() )return;}if (gb28181_agent_.isRunning()) {gb28181_agent_.terminateAllPlays(true);// 目前测试下来,发送BYE之后,有些服务器会立即发送INVITE,是否发送BYE根据实际情况看gb28181_agent_.stop();btnGB28181Agent.setText("启动GB28181");}else {if ( gb28181_agent_.start() ) {btnGB28181Agent.setText("停止GB28181");}}}}
initGB28181Agent()实现如下:
private boolean initGB28181Agent() {if ( gb28181_agent_ != null )return true;getLocation(context_);String local_ip_addr = IPAddrUtils.getIpAddress(context_);Log.i(TAG, "initGB28181Agent local ip addr: " + local_ip_addr);if ( local_ip_addr == null || local_ip_addr.isEmpty() ) {Log.e(TAG, "initGB28181Agent local ip is empty");return false;}gb28181_agent_ = GBSIPAgentFactory.getInstance().create();if ( gb28181_agent_ == null ) {Log.e(TAG, "initGB28181Agent create agent failed");return false;}gb28181_agent_.addListener(this);gb28181_agent_.addPlayListener(this);gb28181_agent_.addAudioBroadcastListener(this);gb28181_agent_.addDeviceControlListener(this);gb28181_agent_.addQueryCommandListener(this);// 必填信息gb28181_agent_.setLocalAddress(local_ip_addr);gb28181_agent_.setServerParameter(gb28181_sip_server_addr_, gb28181_sip_server_port_, gb28181_sip_server_id_, gb28181_sip_domain_);gb28181_agent_.setUserInfo(gb28181_sip_username_, gb28181_sip_password_);//gb28181_agent_.setUserInfo(gb28181_sip_username_, gb28181_sip_username_, gb28181_sip_password_);// 可选参数gb28181_agent_.setUserAgent(gb28181_sip_user_agent_filed_);gb28181_agent_.setTransportProtocol(gb28181_sip_trans_protocol_==0?"UDP":"TCP");// GB28181配置gb28181_agent_.config(gb28181_reg_expired_, gb28181_heartbeat_interval_, gb28181_heartbeat_count_);com.gb.ntsignalling.Device gb_device = new com.gb.ntsignalling.Device("34020000001380000001", "安卓测试设备", Build.MANUFACTURER, Build.MODEL,"宇宙","火星1","火星", true);if (mLongitude != null && mLatitude != null) {com.gb.ntsignalling.DevicePosition device_pos = new com.gb.ntsignalling.DevicePosition();device_pos.setTime(mLocationTime);device_pos.setLongitude(mLongitude);device_pos.setLatitude(mLatitude);gb_device.setPosition(device_pos);gb_device.setSupportMobilePosition(true); // 设置支持移动位置上报}gb28181_agent_.addDevice(gb_device);if (!gb28181_agent_.createSipStack()) {gb28181_agent_ = null;Log.e(TAG, "initGB28181Agent gb28181_agent_.createSipStack failed.");return false;}boolean is_bind_local_port_ok = false;// 最多尝试5000个端口int try_end_port = gb28181_sip_local_port_base_ + 5000;try_end_port = try_end_port > 65536 ?65536: try_end_port;for (int i = gb28181_sip_local_port_base_; i < try_end_port; ++i) {if (gb28181_agent_.bindLocalPort(i)) {is_bind_local_port_ok = true;break;}}if (!is_bind_local_port_ok) {gb28181_agent_.releaseSipStack();gb28181_agent_ = null;Log.e(TAG, "initGB28181Agent gb28181_agent_.bindLocalPort failed.");return false;}if (!gb28181_agent_.initialize()) {gb28181_agent_.unBindLocalPort();gb28181_agent_.releaseSipStack();gb28181_agent_ = null;Log.e(TAG, "initGB28181Agent gb28181_agent_.initialize failed.");return false;}return true;}
注册和心跳异常处理如下:
@Overridepublic void ntsRegisterOK(String dateString) {Log.i(TAG, "ntsRegisterOK Date: " + (dateString!= null? dateString : ""));}@Overridepublic void ntsRegisterTimeout() {Log.e(TAG, "ntsRegisterTimeout");}@Overridepublic void ntsRegisterTransportError(String errorInfo) {Log.e(TAG, "ntsRegisterTransportError error:" + (errorInfo != null?errorInfo :""));}@Overridepublic void ntsOnHeartBeatException(int exceptionCount, String lastExceptionInfo) {Log.e(TAG, "ntsOnHeartBeatException heart beat timeout count reached, count:" + exceptionCount+", exception info:" + (lastExceptionInfo!=null?lastExceptionInfo:""));// 停止信令, 然后重启handler_.postDelayed(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {Log.i(TAG, "gb28281_heart_beart_timeout");stopAudioPlayer();destoryRTPReceiver();if (gb_broadcast_source_id_ != null && gb_broadcast_target_id_ != null && gb28181_agent_ != null)gb28181_agent_.byeAudioBroadcast(gb_broadcast_source_id_, gb_broadcast_target_id_);gb_broadcast_source_id_ = null;gb_broadcast_target_id_ = null;btnGB28181AudioBroadcast.setText("GB28181语音广播");btnGB28181AudioBroadcast.setEnabled(false);stopGB28181Stream();destoryRTPSender();if (gb28181_agent_ != null) {gb28181_agent_.terminateAllPlays(true);Log.i(TAG, "gb28281_heart_beart_timeout sip stop");gb28181_agent_.stop();String local_ip_addr = IPAddrUtils.getIpAddress(context_);if (local_ip_addr != null && !local_ip_addr.isEmpty() ) {Log.i(TAG, "gb28281_heart_beart_timeout get local ip addr: " + local_ip_addr);gb28181_agent_.setLocalAddress(local_ip_addr);}Log.i(TAG, "gb28281_heart_beart_timeout sip start");gb28181_agent_.start();}}},0);}
ntsOnAckPlay()的时候,我们才开始编码:
@Overridepublic void ntsOnAckPlay(String deviceId) {handler_.postDelayed(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {Log.i(TAG,"ntsOnACKPlay, device_id:" +device_id_);if (!isRTSPPublisherRunning && !isPushingRtmp && !isRecording) {InitAndSetConfig();}libPublisher.SetGB28181RTPSender(publisherHandle, gb28181_rtp_sender_handle_, gb28181_rtp_payload_type_, gb28181_rtp_encoding_name_);//libPublisher.SetGBTCPConnectTimeout(publisherHandle, 10*60*1000);//libPublisher.SetGBInitialTCPReconnectInterval(publisherHandle, 1000);//libPublisher.SetGBInitialTCPMaxReconnectAttempts(publisherHandle, 3);int startRet = libPublisher.StartGB28181MediaStream(publisherHandle);if (startRet != 0) {if (!isRTSPPublisherRunning && !isPushingRtmp && !isRecording) {if (publisherHandle != 0) {long handle = publisherHandle;publisherHandle = 0;libPublisher.SmartPublisherClose(handle);}}destoryRTPSender();Log.e(TAG, "Failed to start GB28181 service..");return;}if (!isRTSPPublisherRunning && !isPushingRtmp && !isRecording) {CheckInitAudioRecorder();}startLayerPostThread();isGB28181StreamRunning = true;}private String device_id_;public Runnable set(String device_id) {this.device_id_ = device_id;return this;}}.set(deviceId),0);}
其中,InitAndSetConfig()完成基础参数设定,比如数据源类型、软硬编码设置、帧率关键帧间隔码率等参数设置:
private void InitAndSetConfig() {int audio_opt = 1;int fps = 18;int gop = fps * 2;Log.i(TAG, "InitAndSetConfig video_width: " + video_width_ + " cur_video_height" + video_height_ + " imageRotationDegree:" + cameraImageRotationDegree_);publisherHandle = libPublisher.SmartPublisherOpen(context_, audio_opt, 3, video_width_, video_height_);if (publisherHandle == 0) {Log.e(TAG, "sdk open failed!");return;}Log.i(TAG, "publisherHandle=" + publisherHandle);if(videoEncodeType == 1) {int h264HWKbps = setHardwareEncoderKbps(true, video_width_, video_height_);h264HWKbps = h264HWKbps*fps/25;Log.i(TAG, "h264HWKbps: " + h264HWKbps);int isSupportH264HWEncoder = libPublisher.SetSmartPublisherVideoHWEncoder(publisherHandle, h264HWKbps);if (isSupportH264HWEncoder == 0) {libPublisher.SetNativeMediaNDK(publisherHandle, 0);libPublisher.SetVideoHWEncoderBitrateMode(publisherHandle, 1); // 0:CQ, 1:VBR, 2:CBRlibPublisher.SetVideoHWEncoderQuality(publisherHandle, 39);libPublisher.SetAVCHWEncoderProfile(publisherHandle, 0x08); // 0x01: Baseline, 0x02: Main, 0x08: High// libPublisher.SetAVCHWEncoderLevel(publisherHandle, 0x200); // Level 3.1// libPublisher.SetAVCHWEncoderLevel(publisherHandle, 0x400); // Level 3.2// libPublisher.SetAVCHWEncoderLevel(publisherHandle, 0x800); // Level 4libPublisher.SetAVCHWEncoderLevel(publisherHandle, 0x1000); // Level 4.1 多数情况下,这个够用了//libPublisher.SetAVCHWEncoderLevel(publisherHandle, 0x2000); // Level 4.2// libPublisher.SetVideoHWEncoderMaxBitrate(publisherHandle, ((long)h264HWKbps)*1300);Log.i(TAG, "Great, it supports h.264 hardware encoder!");}}else if (videoEncodeType == 2) {int hevcHWKbps = setHardwareEncoderKbps(false, video_width_, video_height_);hevcHWKbps = hevcHWKbps*fps/25;Log.i(TAG, "hevcHWKbps: " + hevcHWKbps);int isSupportHevcHWEncoder = libPublisher.SetSmartPublisherVideoHevcHWEncoder(publisherHandle, hevcHWKbps);if (isSupportHevcHWEncoder == 0) {libPublisher.SetNativeMediaNDK(publisherHandle, 0);libPublisher.SetVideoHWEncoderBitrateMode(publisherHandle, 0); // 0:CQ, 1:VBR, 2:CBRlibPublisher.SetVideoHWEncoderQuality(publisherHandle, 39);// libPublisher.SetVideoHWEncoderMaxBitrate(publisherHandle, ((long)hevcHWKbps)*1200);Log.i(TAG, "Great, it supports hevc hardware encoder!");}}boolean is_sw_vbr_mode = true;if(is_sw_vbr_mode) //H.264 software encoder{int is_enable_vbr = 1;int video_quality = CalVideoQuality(video_width_, video_height_, true);int vbr_max_bitrate = CalVbrMaxKBitRate(video_width_, video_height_);libPublisher.SmartPublisherSetSwVBRMode(publisherHandle, is_enable_vbr, video_quality, vbr_max_bitrate);}if (is_pcma_) {libPublisher.SmartPublisherSetAudioCodecType(publisherHandle, 3);} else {libPublisher.SmartPublisherSetAudioCodecType(publisherHandle, 1);}libPublisher.SetSmartPublisherEventCallbackV2(publisherHandle, new EventHandlerPublisherV2().set(handler_, recorder_io_executor_));libPublisher.SmartPublisherSetSWVideoEncoderProfile(publisherHandle, 3);libPublisher.SmartPublisherSetSWVideoEncoderSpeed(publisherHandle, 2);libPublisher.SmartPublisherSetGopInterval(publisherHandle, gop);libPublisher.SmartPublisherSetFPS(publisherHandle, fps);// libPublisher.SmartPublisherSetSWVideoBitRate(publisherHandle, 600, 1200);boolean is_noise_suppression = true;libPublisher.SmartPublisherSetNoiseSuppression(publisherHandle, is_noise_suppression ? 1 : 0);boolean is_agc = false;libPublisher.SmartPublisherSetAGC(publisherHandle, is_agc ? 1 : 0);int echo_cancel_delay = 0;libPublisher.SmartPublisherSetEchoCancellation(publisherHandle, 1, echo_cancel_delay);libPublisher.SmartPublisherSaveImageFlag(publisherHandle, 1);}
双码流编码
以采集摄像头采集为例,如果需要双码流编码,采集数据源时,以大分辨率作为采集基准分辨率,如采集1920*1080的,那么如果需要上传实时视频数据的时候,只需要缩放,得到1280*720分辨率的编码数据:
@Overridepublic void onCameraImageData(Image image) {if (null == libPublisher)return;if (isPushingRtmp || isRTSPPublisherRunning || isGB28181StreamRunning || isRecording) {if (0 == publisherHandle)return;Image.Plane[] planes = image.getPlanes();int w = image.getWidth(), h = image.getHeight();int y_offset = 0, u_offset = 0, v_offset = 0;Rect crop_rect = image.getCropRect();if (crop_rect != null && !crop_rect.isEmpty()) {w = crop_rect.width();h = crop_rect.height();y_offset += crop_rect.top * planes[0].getRowStride() + crop_rect.left * planes[0].getPixelStride();u_offset += (crop_rect.top / 2) * planes[1].getRowStride() + (crop_rect.left / 2) * planes[1].getPixelStride();v_offset += (crop_rect.top / 2) * planes[2].getRowStride() + (crop_rect.left / 2) * planes[2].getPixelStride();;// Log.i(TAG, "crop w:" + w + " h:" + h + " y_offset:"+ y_offset + " u_offset:" + u_offset + " v_offset:" + v_offset);}int scale_w = 0, scale_h = 0, scale_filter_mode = 0;scale_filter_mode = 3;int rotation_degree = cameraImageRotationDegree_;if (rotation_degree < 0) {Log.i(TAG, "onCameraImageData rotation_degree < 0, may need to set orientation_ to 0, 90, 180 or 270");return;}if (!post_image_lock_.tryLock()) {Log.i(TAG, "post_image_lock_.tryLock return false");return;}try {if (publisherHandle != 0) {if (isPushingRtmp || isRTSPPublisherRunning || isGB28181StreamRunning || isRecording) {libPublisher.PostLayerImageYUV420888ByteBuffer(publisherHandle, 0, 0, 0,planes[0].getBuffer(), y_offset, planes[0].getRowStride(),planes[1].getBuffer(), u_offset, planes[1].getRowStride(),planes[2].getBuffer(), v_offset, planes[2].getRowStride(), planes[1].getPixelStride(),w, h, 0, 0,scale_w, scale_h, scale_filter_mode, rotation_degree);}}}catch (Exception e) {Log.e(TAG, "onCameraImageData Exception:", e);}finally {post_image_lock_.unlock();}}}
PostLayerImageYUV420888ByteBuffer()设计如下:
/** SmartPublisherJniV2.java* SmartPublisherJniV2** Author: https://daniusdk.com* Created by DaniuLive on 2015/09/20.*/ /*** 投递层YUV420888图像, 专门为android.media.Image的android.graphics.ImageFormat.YUV_420_888格式提供的接口** @param index: 层索引, 必须大于等于0** @param left: 层叠加的左上角坐标, 对于第0层的话传0** @param top: 层叠加的左上角坐标, 对于第0层的话传0** @param y_plane: 对应android.media.Image.Plane[0].getBuffer()** @param y_offset: 图像偏移, 这个主要目的是用来做clip的,一般传0** @param y_row_stride: 对应android.media.Image.Plane[0].getRowStride()** @param u_plane: android.media.Image.Plane[1].getBuffer()** @param u_offset: 图像偏移, 这个主要目的是用来做clip的,一般传0** @param u_row_stride: android.media.Image.Plane[1].getRowStride()** @param v_plane: 对应android.media.Image.Plane[2].getBuffer()** @param v_offset: 图像偏移, 这个主要目的是用来做clip的,一般传0** @param v_row_stride: 对应android.media.Image.Plane[2].getRowStride()** @param uv_pixel_stride: 对应android.media.Image.Plane[1].getPixelStride()** @param width: width, 必须大于1, 且必须是偶数** @param height: height, 必须大于1, 且必须是偶数** @param is_vertical_flip: 是否垂直翻转, 0不翻转, 1翻转** @param is_horizontal_flip:是否水平翻转, 0不翻转, 1翻转** @param scale_width: 缩放宽,必须是偶数, 0或负数不缩放** @param scale_height: 缩放高, 必须是偶数, 0或负数不缩放** @param scale_filter_mode: 缩放质量, 传0使用默认速度,可选等级范围是:[1,3],值越大缩放质量越好, 但速度越慢** @param rotation_degree: 顺时针旋转, 必须是0, 90, 180, 270, 注意:旋转是在缩放, 垂直/水品反转之后再做, 请留意顺序** @return {0} if successful*/public native int PostLayerImageYUV420888ByteBuffer(long handle, int index, int left, int top,ByteBuffer y_plane, int y_offset, int y_row_stride,ByteBuffer u_plane, int u_offset, int u_row_stride,ByteBuffer v_plane, int v_offset, int v_row_stride, int uv_pixel_stride,int width, int height, int is_vertical_flip, int is_horizontal_flip,int scale_width, int scale_height, int scale_filter_mode,int rotation_degree);
上述接口参数,scale_width和scale_height可以指定缩放宽高,甚至如果摄像头采集的方向不对,可以设置rotation_degree接口,来实现视频数据的旋转。
接口参数第一个是实例句柄,如果需要两路编码,势必对应两个推送实例,也就是两个handle,一个用来录像,一个用来gb28181上行数据推送。
需要注意的是,如果需要同时两个实例编码,需要投递数据的时候,两个实例,分别调用PostLayerImageYUV420888ByteBuffer()实现数据源到底层模块的投递。
本地录像操作如下:
class ButtonStartRecorderListener implements View.OnClickListener {public void onClick(View v) {if (isRecording) {stopRecorder();if (!isPushingRtmp && !isRTSPPublisherRunning && !isGB28181StreamRunning) {ConfigControlEnable(true);}btnStartRecorder.setText("实时录像");btnPauseRecorder.setText("暂停录像");btnPauseRecorder.setEnabled(false);isPauseRecording = true;return;}Log.i(TAG, "onClick start recorder..");if (libPublisher == null)return;if (!isPushingRtmp && !isRTSPPublisherRunning&& !isGB28181StreamRunning) {InitAndSetConfig();}ConfigRecorderParam();int startRet = libPublisher.SmartPublisherStartRecorder(publisherHandle);if (startRet != 0) {if (!isPushingRtmp && !isRTSPPublisherRunning && !isGB28181StreamRunning) {if (publisherHandle != 0) {long handle = publisherHandle;publisherHandle = 0;libPublisher.SmartPublisherClose(handle);}}Log.e(TAG, "Failed to start recorder.");return;}if (!isPushingRtmp && !isRTSPPublisherRunning && !isGB28181StreamRunning) {CheckInitAudioRecorder();ConfigControlEnable(false);}startLayerPostThread();btnStartRecorder.setText("停止录像");isRecording = true;btnPauseRecorder.setEnabled(true);isPauseRecording = true;}}
停止录像:
//停止录像private void stopRecorder() {if(!isRecording)return;isRecording = false;if (!isPushingRtmp && !isRTSPPublisherRunning && !isGB28181StreamRunning)stopLayerPostThread();if (!isPushingRtmp && !isRTSPPublisherRunning && !isGB28181StreamRunning) {if (audioRecord_ != null) {Log.i(TAG, "stopRecorder, call audioRecord_.StopRecording..");audioRecord_.Stop();if (audioRecordCallback_ != null) {audioRecord_.RemoveCallback(audioRecordCallback_);audioRecordCallback_ = null;}audioRecord_ = null;}}if (null == libPublisher || 0 == publisherHandle)return;libPublisher.SmartPublisherStopRecorder(publisherHandle);if (!isPushingRtmp && !isRTSPPublisherRunning && !isGB28181StreamRunning) {releasePublisherHandle();}}
技术总结
按需编码,可以只是本地录像或上行数据推送,对应一个实例完成,如果双码流编码,势必需要两个实例,对应不同的编码参数,输出不同的分辨率的H.264/H.265数据。此外,音频数据回调的地方,两个实例也调用音频投递接口,传下去。需要注意的是,两路视频编码,尽管可以硬编码,对设备性能依然提了更高的要求。