gcc/g++：预编译阶段取消宏定义

        预编译阶段取消宏定义，可分为两种情况：1）内部取消，2）外部取消。

示例：

1）用户程序

/*@brief test demo-for-precompile-to-undef? show you here@author wen`xuanpei@email 15873152445@163.com(query for any question here)
*/
#include <stdio.h>#define A//
int main(){#undef A//
#ifdef A//puts("A\n");
#endif#ifdef B//puts("B\n");
#endifreturn 0;
}

2）预编译

gcc test2.c -E -o e4
gcc test2.c -E -DB -o e5
gcc test2.c -E -DB -UB -o e6g++ test2.c -E -o e4
g++ test2.c -E -DB -o e5
g++ test2.c -E -DB -UB -o e6

3）取消宏定义的结果

        1）内部取消A

# 1 "test2.c"
# 1 "<built-in>"
# 1 "<command-line>"
# 1 "/usr/include/stdc-predef.h" 1 3 4
# 1 "<command-line>" 2
# 1 "test2.c"# 1 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 1 3 4
# 27 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
# 1 "/usr/include/features.h" 1 3 4
# 375 "/usr/include/features.h" 3 4
# 1 "/usr/include/sys/cdefs.h" 1 3 4
# 392 "/usr/include/sys/cdefs.h" 3 4
# 1 "/usr/include/bits/wordsize.h" 1 3 4
# 393 "/usr/include/sys/cdefs.h" 2 3 4
# 376 "/usr/include/features.h" 2 3 4
# 399 "/usr/include/features.h" 3 4
# 1 "/usr/include/gnu/stubs.h" 1 3 4
# 10 "/usr/include/gnu/stubs.h" 3 4
# 1 "/usr/include/gnu/stubs-64.h" 1 3 4
# 11 "/usr/include/gnu/stubs.h" 2 3 4
# 400 "/usr/include/features.h" 2 3 4
# 28 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 2 3 4# 1 "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.5/include/stddef.h" 1 3 4
# 212 "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.5/include/stddef.h" 3 4
typedef long unsigned int size_t;
# 34 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 2 3 4# 1 "/usr/include/bits/types.h" 1 3 4
# 27 "/usr/include/bits/types.h" 3 4
# 1 "/usr/include/bits/wordsize.h" 1 3 4
# 28 "/usr/include/bits/types.h" 2 3 4typedef unsigned char __u_char;
typedef unsigned short int __u_short;
typedef unsigned int __u_int;
typedef unsigned long int __u_long;typedef signed char __int8_t;
typedef unsigned char __uint8_t;
typedef signed short int __int16_t;
typedef unsigned short int __uint16_t;
typedef signed int __int32_t;
typedef unsigned int __uint32_t;typedef signed long int __int64_t;
typedef unsigned long int __uint64_t;typedef long int __quad_t;
typedef unsigned long int __u_quad_t;
# 130 "/usr/include/bits/types.h" 3 4
# 1 "/usr/include/bits/typesizes.h" 1 3 4
# 131 "/usr/include/bits/types.h" 2 3 4typedef unsigned long int __dev_t;
typedef unsigned int __uid_t;
typedef unsigned int __gid_t;
typedef unsigned long int __ino_t;
typedef unsigned long int __ino64_t;
typedef unsigned int __mode_t;
typedef unsigned long int __nlink_t;
typedef long int __off_t;
typedef long int __off64_t;
typedef int __pid_t;
typedef struct { int __val[2]; } __fsid_t;
typedef long int __clock_t;
typedef unsigned long int __rlim_t;
typedef unsigned long int __rlim64_t;
typedef unsigned int __id_t;
typedef long int __time_t;
typedef unsigned int __useconds_t;
typedef long int __suseconds_t;typedef int __daddr_t;
typedef int __key_t;typedef int __clockid_t;typedef void * __timer_t;typedef long int __blksize_t;typedef long int __blkcnt_t;
typedef long int __blkcnt64_t;typedef unsigned long int __fsblkcnt_t;
typedef unsigned long int __fsblkcnt64_t;typedef unsigned long int __fsfilcnt_t;
typedef unsigned long int __fsfilcnt64_t;typedef long int __fsword_t;typedef long int __ssize_t;typedef long int __syscall_slong_t;typedef unsigned long int __syscall_ulong_t;typedef __off64_t __loff_t;
typedef __quad_t *__qaddr_t;
typedef char *__caddr_t;typedef long int __intptr_t;typedef unsigned int __socklen_t;
# 36 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 2 3 4
# 44 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
struct _IO_FILE;typedef struct _IO_FILE FILE;# 64 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
typedef struct _IO_FILE __FILE;
# 74 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
# 1 "/usr/include/libio.h" 1 3 4
# 32 "/usr/include/libio.h" 3 4
# 1 "/usr/include/_G_config.h" 1 3 4
# 15 "/usr/include/_G_config.h" 3 4
# 1 "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.5/include/stddef.h" 1 3 4
# 16 "/usr/include/_G_config.h" 2 3 4# 1 "/usr/include/wchar.h" 1 3 4
# 82 "/usr/include/wchar.h" 3 4
typedef struct
{int __count;union{unsigned int __wch;char __wchb[4];} __value;
} __mbstate_t;
# 21 "/usr/include/_G_config.h" 2 3 4
typedef struct
{__off_t __pos;__mbstate_t __state;
} _G_fpos_t;
typedef struct
{__off64_t __pos;__mbstate_t __state;
} _G_fpos64_t;
# 33 "/usr/include/libio.h" 2 3 4
# 50 "/usr/include/libio.h" 3 4
# 1 "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.5/include/stdarg.h" 1 3 4
# 40 "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.5/include/stdarg.h" 3 4
typedef __builtin_va_list __gnuc_va_list;
# 51 "/usr/include/libio.h" 2 3 4
# 145 "/usr/include/libio.h" 3 4
struct _IO_jump_t; struct _IO_FILE;
# 155 "/usr/include/libio.h" 3 4
typedef void _IO_lock_t;struct _IO_marker {struct _IO_marker *_next;struct _IO_FILE *_sbuf;int _pos;
# 178 "/usr/include/libio.h" 3 4
};enum __codecvt_result
{__codecvt_ok,__codecvt_partial,__codecvt_error,__codecvt_noconv
};
# 246 "/usr/include/libio.h" 3 4
struct _IO_FILE {int _flags;char* _IO_read_ptr;char* _IO_read_end;char* _IO_read_base;char* _IO_write_base;char* _IO_write_ptr;char* _IO_write_end;char* _IO_buf_base;char* _IO_buf_end;char *_IO_save_base;char *_IO_backup_base;char *_IO_save_end;struct _IO_marker *_markers;struct _IO_FILE *_chain;int _fileno;int _flags2;__off_t _old_offset;unsigned short _cur_column;signed char _vtable_offset;char _shortbuf[1];_IO_lock_t *_lock;
# 294 "/usr/include/libio.h" 3 4__off64_t _offset;
# 303 "/usr/include/libio.h" 3 4void *__pad1;void *__pad2;void *__pad3;void *__pad4;size_t __pad5;int _mode;char _unused2[15 * sizeof (int) - 4 * sizeof (void *) - sizeof (size_t)];};typedef struct _IO_FILE _IO_FILE;struct _IO_FILE_plus;extern struct _IO_FILE_plus _IO_2_1_stdin_;
extern struct _IO_FILE_plus _IO_2_1_stdout_;
extern struct _IO_FILE_plus _IO_2_1_stderr_;
# 339 "/usr/include/libio.h" 3 4
typedef __ssize_t __io_read_fn (void *__cookie, char *__buf, size_t __nbytes);typedef __ssize_t __io_write_fn (void *__cookie, const char *__buf,size_t __n);typedef int __io_seek_fn (void *__cookie, __off64_t *__pos, int __w);typedef int __io_close_fn (void *__cookie);
# 391 "/usr/include/libio.h" 3 4
extern int __underflow (_IO_FILE *);
extern int __uflow (_IO_FILE *);
extern int __overflow (_IO_FILE *, int);
# 435 "/usr/include/libio.h" 3 4
extern int _IO_getc (_IO_FILE *__fp);
extern int _IO_putc (int __c, _IO_FILE *__fp);
extern int _IO_feof (_IO_FILE *__fp) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));
extern int _IO_ferror (_IO_FILE *__fp) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));extern int _IO_peekc_locked (_IO_FILE *__fp);extern void _IO_flockfile (_IO_FILE *) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));
extern void _IO_funlockfile (_IO_FILE *) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));
extern int _IO_ftrylockfile (_IO_FILE *) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));
# 465 "/usr/include/libio.h" 3 4
extern int _IO_vfscanf (_IO_FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict,__gnuc_va_list, int *__restrict);
extern int _IO_vfprintf (_IO_FILE *__restrict, const char *__restrict,__gnuc_va_list);
extern __ssize_t _IO_padn (_IO_FILE *, int, __ssize_t);
extern size_t _IO_sgetn (_IO_FILE *, void *, size_t);extern __off64_t _IO_seekoff (_IO_FILE *, __off64_t, int, int);
extern __off64_t _IO_seekpos (_IO_FILE *, __off64_t, int);extern void _IO_free_backup_area (_IO_FILE *) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));
# 75 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 2 3 4typedef __gnuc_va_list va_list;
# 90 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
typedef __off_t off_t;
# 102 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
typedef __ssize_t ssize_t;typedef _G_fpos_t fpos_t;# 164 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
# 1 "/usr/include/bits/stdio_lim.h" 1 3 4
# 165 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 2 3 4extern struct _IO_FILE *stdin;
extern struct _IO_FILE *stdout;
extern struct _IO_FILE *stderr;extern int remove (const char *__filename) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));extern int rename (const char *__old, const char *__new) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));extern int renameat (int __oldfd, const char *__old, int __newfd,const char *__new) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));extern FILE *tmpfile (void) ;
# 209 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
extern char *tmpnam (char *__s) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__)) ;extern char *tmpnam_r (char *__s) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__)) ;
# 227 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
extern char *tempnam (const char *__dir, const char *__pfx)__attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__)) __attribute__ ((__malloc__)) ;extern int fclose (FILE *__stream);extern int fflush (FILE *__stream);# 252 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
extern int fflush_unlocked (FILE *__stream);
# 266 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4extern FILE *fopen (const char *__restrict __filename,const char *__restrict __modes) ;extern FILE *freopen (const char *__restrict __filename,const char *__restrict __modes,FILE *__restrict __stream) ;
# 295 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4# 306 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
extern FILE *fdopen (int __fd, const char *__modes) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__)) ;
# 319 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
extern FILE *fmemopen (void *__s, size_t __len, const char *__modes)__attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__)) ;extern FILE *open_memstream (char **__bufloc, size_t *__sizeloc) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__)) ;extern void setbuf (FILE *__restrict __stream, char *__restrict __buf) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));extern int setvbuf (FILE *__restrict __stream, char *__restrict __buf,int __modes, size_t __n) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));extern void setbuffer (FILE *__restrict __stream, char *__restrict __buf,size_t __size) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));extern void setlinebuf (FILE *__stream) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));extern int fprintf (FILE *__restrict __stream,const char *__restrict __format, ...);extern int printf (const char *__restrict __format, ...);extern int sprintf (char *__restrict __s,const char *__restrict __format, ...) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__));extern int vfprintf (FILE *__restrict __s, const char *__restrict __format,__gnuc_va_list __arg);extern int vprintf (const char *__restrict __format, __gnuc_va_list __arg);extern int vsprintf (char *__restrict __s, const char *__restrict __format,__gnuc_va_list __arg) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__));extern int snprintf (char *__restrict __s, size_t __maxlen,const char *__restrict __format, ...)__attribute__ ((__nothrow__)) __attribute__ ((__format__ (__printf__, 3, 4)));extern int vsnprintf (char *__restrict __s, size_t __maxlen,const char *__restrict __format, __gnuc_va_list __arg)__attribute__ ((__nothrow__)) __attribute__ ((__format__ (__printf__, 3, 0)));# 412 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
extern int vdprintf (int __fd, const char *__restrict __fmt,__gnuc_va_list __arg)__attribute__ ((__format__ (__printf__, 2, 0)));
extern int dprintf (int __fd, const char *__restrict __fmt, ...)__attribute__ ((__format__ (__printf__, 2, 3)));extern int fscanf (FILE *__restrict __stream,const char *__restrict __format, ...) ;extern int scanf (const char *__restrict __format, ...) ;extern int sscanf (const char *__restrict __s,const char *__restrict __format, ...) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));
# 443 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
extern int fscanf (FILE *__restrict __stream, const char *__restrict __format, ...) __asm__ ("" "__isoc99_fscanf");
extern int scanf (const char *__restrict __format, ...) __asm__ ("" "__isoc99_scanf");
extern int sscanf (const char *__restrict __s, const char *__restrict __format, ...) __asm__ ("" "__isoc99_sscanf") __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));
# 463 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4extern int vfscanf (FILE *__restrict __s, const char *__restrict __format,__gnuc_va_list __arg)__attribute__ ((__format__ (__scanf__, 2, 0))) ;extern int vscanf (const char *__restrict __format, __gnuc_va_list __arg)__attribute__ ((__format__ (__scanf__, 1, 0))) ;extern int vsscanf (const char *__restrict __s,const char *__restrict __format, __gnuc_va_list __arg)__attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__)) __attribute__ ((__format__ (__scanf__, 2, 0)));
# 494 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
extern int vfscanf (FILE *__restrict __s, const char *__restrict __format, __gnuc_va_list __arg) __asm__ ("" "__isoc99_vfscanf")__attribute__ ((__format__ (__scanf__, 2, 0))) ;
extern int vscanf (const char *__restrict __format, __gnuc_va_list __arg) __asm__ ("" "__isoc99_vscanf")__attribute__ ((__format__ (__scanf__, 1, 0))) ;
extern int vsscanf (const char *__restrict __s, const char *__restrict __format, __gnuc_va_list __arg) __asm__ ("" "__isoc99_vsscanf") __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__))__attribute__ ((__format__ (__scanf__, 2, 0)));
# 522 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4extern int fgetc (FILE *__stream);
extern int getc (FILE *__stream);extern int getchar (void);# 550 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
extern int getc_unlocked (FILE *__stream);
extern int getchar_unlocked (void);
# 561 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
extern int fgetc_unlocked (FILE *__stream);extern int fputc (int __c, FILE *__stream);
extern int putc (int __c, FILE *__stream);extern int putchar (int __c);# 594 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
extern int fputc_unlocked (int __c, FILE *__stream);extern int putc_unlocked (int __c, FILE *__stream);
extern int putchar_unlocked (int __c);extern int getw (FILE *__stream);extern int putw (int __w, FILE *__stream);extern char *fgets (char *__restrict __s, int __n, FILE *__restrict __stream);
# 638 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
extern char *gets (char *__s) __attribute__ ((__deprecated__));# 665 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
extern __ssize_t __getdelim (char **__restrict __lineptr,size_t *__restrict __n, int __delimiter,FILE *__restrict __stream) ;
extern __ssize_t getdelim (char **__restrict __lineptr,size_t *__restrict __n, int __delimiter,FILE *__restrict __stream) ;extern __ssize_t getline (char **__restrict __lineptr,size_t *__restrict __n,FILE *__restrict __stream) ;extern int fputs (const char *__restrict __s, FILE *__restrict __stream);extern int puts (const char *__s);extern int ungetc (int __c, FILE *__stream);extern size_t fread (void *__restrict __ptr, size_t __size,size_t __n, FILE *__restrict __stream) ;extern size_t fwrite (const void *__restrict __ptr, size_t __size,size_t __n, FILE *__restrict __s);# 737 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
extern size_t fread_unlocked (void *__restrict __ptr, size_t __size,size_t __n, FILE *__restrict __stream) ;
extern size_t fwrite_unlocked (const void *__restrict __ptr, size_t __size,size_t __n, FILE *__restrict __stream);extern int fseek (FILE *__stream, long int __off, int __whence);extern long int ftell (FILE *__stream) ;extern void rewind (FILE *__stream);# 773 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
extern int fseeko (FILE *__stream, __off_t __off, int __whence);extern __off_t ftello (FILE *__stream) ;
# 792 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4extern int fgetpos (FILE *__restrict __stream, fpos_t *__restrict __pos);extern int fsetpos (FILE *__stream, const fpos_t *__pos);
# 815 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4# 824 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4extern void clearerr (FILE *__stream) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));extern int feof (FILE *__stream) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__)) ;extern int ferror (FILE *__stream) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__)) ;extern void clearerr_unlocked (FILE *__stream) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));
extern int feof_unlocked (FILE *__stream) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__)) ;
extern int ferror_unlocked (FILE *__stream) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__)) ;extern void perror (const char *__s);# 1 "/usr/include/bits/sys_errlist.h" 1 3 4
# 26 "/usr/include/bits/sys_errlist.h" 3 4
extern int sys_nerr;
extern const char *const sys_errlist[];
# 854 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 2 3 4extern int fileno (FILE *__stream) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__)) ;extern int fileno_unlocked (FILE *__stream) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__)) ;
# 873 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
extern FILE *popen (const char *__command, const char *__modes) ;extern int pclose (FILE *__stream);extern char *ctermid (char *__s) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));
# 913 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
extern void flockfile (FILE *__stream) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));extern int ftrylockfile (FILE *__stream) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__)) ;extern void funlockfile (FILE *__stream) __attribute__ ((__nothrow__ , __leaf__));
# 943 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4# 7 "test2.c" 2int main(){
# 20 "test2.c"return 0;
}

        2）预编译时定义B

#...int main(){puts("B\n");return 0;
}

        3）预编译时定义然后取消B

#...int main(){
# 20 "test2.c"return 0;
}

尾声：

       内部取消固定在源码中，而外部取消可以灵活地放到预编译器选项中。

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