ftp在linux部署及其安装

安装ftp服务

yum install -y vsftpd

查看一下是否安装成功

rpm -qa |grep ‘vsftpd’

ftp的配置文件主要有三个，位于/etc/vsftpd/目录下，分别是：

ftpusers：用来指定哪些用户不能访问ftp服务器

user_list:：这个文件中的用户是否可以登录到服务器，取决于vsftpd.conf文件中的userlist_enable和userlist_deny这两个选项。

vsftpd.conf：ftp服务器的主配置文件

添加ftp用户（上传的时候有用）

useradd -d /data/ftp -s /sbin/nologin ftpuser

用户配置密码，需要在root用户下

passwd ftpuser
xxx

启动服务

#启动ftp命令

service vsftpd start

#停止ftp命令

service vsftpd stop

#重启ftp命

service vsftpd restart

#重载

service vsftpd reload

修改ftp配置注释可以忽略，看看最下面增加的配置就行

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool allow_ftpd_anon_write, allow_ftpd_full_access
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode. The vsftpd.conf(5) man page explains
# the behaviour when these options are disabled.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
#chroot_local_user=YES
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=NO
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
listen_ipv6=YESpam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YESpam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
userlist_deny=no
userlist_file=/etc/vsftpd/user_list

别忘记在用户列表文件 user_list 加上自己的用户名 ftpuser

# vsftpd userlist
# If userlist_deny=NO, only allow users in this file
# If userlist_deny=YES (default), never allow users in this file, and
# do not even prompt for a password.
# Note that the default vsftpd pam config also checks /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers
# for users that are denied.
#root
#bin
#daemon
#adm
#lp
#sync
#shutdown
#halt
#mail
#news
#uucp
#operator
#games
#nobody
ftpuser

下面是上传ftp的java程序

    //利用ftp技术，将文件上传到ftp服务器@CrossOrigin(origins = "*") // 允许任何来源的请求@PostMapping("/uploadFileToFTP")//ftp 上传方法public boolean uploadFile(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file, @RequestParam("batchId") String batchId) throws IOException {boolean flag = uploadFile(FTPProperties.getServer(), FTPProperties.getPort(), FTPProperties.getUsername(),FTPProperties.getPassword(), batchId, "video", file.getOriginalFilename(), file.getInputStream());//根据反馈输出日志if (flag) {log.info("上传成功,文件名为：" + file.getOriginalFilename() + "文件大小=" + file.getSize() + "字节" + "MB=" + file.getSize() / 1024 / 1024 + "MB");} else {log.error("上传失败,文件名为：" + file.getOriginalFilename() + "文件大小=" + file.getSize() + "字节" + "MB=" + file.getSize() / 1024 / 1024 + "MB");}return flag;}/*** #!/bin/bash* <p>* # 安装vsftpd* sudo yum remove vsftpd -y* sudo yum install vsftpd -y* <p>* # 启动vsftpd服务* sudo systemctl start vsftpd* <p>* # 检查服务状态* sudo systemctl status vsftpd* 云服务器记得开端口* <p>* 创建一个新用户* 切记 必须在/etc/vsftpd/user_list* <p>* 指定允许使用vsftpd的用户列表文件=》 也就是自己的用户名，要不然访问530错误** @param url* @param port* @param username* @param password* @param path* @param path1* @param filename* @param input* @return*/public boolean uploadFile(String url,// FTP服务器hostnameint port,// FTP服务器端口String username, // FTP登录账号String password, // FTP登录密码String path, // FTP服务器保存目录String path1, // FTP服务器保存目录1String filename, // 上传到FTP服务器上的文件名InputStream input // 输入流) {boolean success = false;FTPClient ftp = new FTPClient();ftp.setControlEncoding("UTF-8");try {boolean b = false;int reply;ftp.connect(url, port);// 连接FTP服务器// 如果采用默认端口，可以使用ftp.connect(url)的方式直接连接FTP服务器ftp.login(username, password);// 登录reply = ftp.getReplyCode();// 获取服务器的响应码。if (!FTPReply.isPositiveCompletion(reply)) {ftp.disconnect();return success;}ftp.setFileType(FTPClient.BINARY_FILE_TYPE);ftp.makeDirectory(path);  //创建文件夹ftp.changeWorkingDirectory(path);  //切换到文件夹
//            ftp.makeDirectory(path1);
//            ftp.changeWorkingDirectory(path1);b = ftp.storeFile(filename, input);//最终默认上传到 /home/ftpuser 目录下  批次id目录内if (b) {//异步写入日志asynWriteVideoImportLog(path, filename, input);}input.close();ftp.logout();success = b;} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {if (ftp.isConnected()) {try {ftp.disconnect();} catch (IOException ioe) {}}}return success;}@Async("normalThreadPool")public void asynWriteVideoImportLog(String path, String filename, InputStream input) throws IOException {//写入日志FtpImportTableEntity ftpImportTableEntity = new FtpImportTableEntity();ftpImportTableEntity.setFileName(filename);ftpImportTableEntity.setAddress(path + "/" + filename);ftpImportTableEntity.setSize((int) input.available());ftpImportTableEntity.setTester(filename.split("_")[1]);ftpImportTableEntity.setTime(LocalDateTime.now());ftpImportTableEntity.setBatch(Long.parseLong(path));ftpImportTableService.save(ftpImportTableEntity);}@CrossOrigin(origins = "*") // 允许任何来源的请求@GetMapping("/ftp/getVideo")public void getVideo(HttpServletResponse response, @RequestParam String videoPath, @RequestParam String videoName) {FTPClient ftp = new FTPClient();ftp.setControlEncoding("UTF-8");try {ftp.connect(FTPProperties.getServer(), FTPProperties.getPort());ftp.login(FTPProperties.getUsername(), FTPProperties.getPassword());int reply = ftp.getReplyCode();if (!FTPReply.isPositiveCompletion(reply)) {ftp.disconnect();throw new RuntimeException("FTP server refused connection.");}ftp.setFileType(FTPClient.BINARY_FILE_TYPE);InputStream inputStream = ftp.retrieveFileStream(videoPath + "/" + videoName);if (inputStream != null) {try (OutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream()) {byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];int bytesRead;while ((bytesRead = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {outputStream.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);}outputStream.flush(); // 确保所有数据已写入输出流}// 关闭输出流response.flushBuffer();inputStream.close();ftp.logout(); // 登出} else {throw new RuntimeException("文件未找到");}} catch (IOException e) {
//            throw new RuntimeException("Error downloading file from FTP server", e);} finally {if (ftp.isConnected()) {try {ftp.disconnect();} catch (IOException e) {// log error or handle as needed}}}}@CrossOrigin(origins = "*") // 允许任何来源的请求@GetMapping("/ftp/getVideoList")public List<VideoInfo> getVideoList() {List<VideoInfo> videoList = new ArrayList<>();// 连接FTP服务器FTPClient ftp = new FTPClient();ftp.setControlEncoding("UTF-8");try {int reply;ftp.connect(FTPProperties.getServer(), FTPProperties.getPort());ftp.login(FTPProperties.getUsername(), FTPProperties.getPassword());reply = ftp.getReplyCode();if (!FTPReply.isPositiveCompletion(reply)) {ftp.disconnect();}FTPFile[] files = ftp.listFiles(); // 获取FTP服务器上所有文件for (FTPFile file : files) {listFilesRecursive(ftp, "/home/ftpuser", videoList);}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {try {ftp.logout();ftp.disconnect();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}return videoList;}private void listFilesRecursive(FTPClient ftp, String path, List<VideoInfo> videoList) throws IOException {FTPFile[] files = ftp.listFiles(path);for (FTPFile file : files) {if (file.isDirectory()) {// 如果是文件夹，递归进入文件夹listFilesRecursive(ftp, path + "/" + file.getName(), videoList);} else if (file.getName().toLowerCase().endsWith(".mp4")) {// 处理视频文件String videoPath = path; // 视频文件路径String videoName = file.getName(); // 视频文件名称videoList.add(new VideoInfo(videoPath, videoName));}}}

上传文件是默认存在/home/ftpuser里的，程序里你定义什么文件夹，都会在/home/ftpuser内进行，下面如果你想指定ftp上传那个文件夹怎么办？

下面是如何修改配置，让其可以传到指定文件夹:

命令行三行即可，假如我想把上传的视频配置到nginx的文件目录下，

#修改指定用户的指定文件目录
usermod -d /home/nginx/www/images ftpuser
#
#给权限
chown -R  ftpuser:ftpuser   /home/nginx/www/images 
#重启
systemctl restart vsftpd.service

想知道我怎么让其使用nginx部署视频播放服务器，请看我的另一篇文章

《nginx部署视频服务（视频下载链接也ok），vue前端如何播放视频》