前言

整理技术，在这篇文章中，将会搭建grafana+prometheus+cadvisor监控容器，并使用一个热门数据看板，再监控容器的性能指标

dashboard效果

这个是node-exporter采集到的数据，我没装node-exporter，而且这也不是本文的内容，所以这个看板就没东西

这个是容器性能指标

这个性能指标里东西就比较多了

准备配置文件

docker-compose.yaml

version: "3"services:grafana:image: grafana/grafana:latestcontainer_name: grafanaenvironment:- TZ=Asia/Shanghaiports:- 3000:3000volumes:- ./grafana-data:/var/lib/grafananetworks:custom-bridge:restart: unless-stoppedlogging:options:max-size: "10m"prometheus:image: prom/prometheus:latestcontainer_name: prometheusrestart: unless-stoppednetworks:custom-bridge:volumes:- ./prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml- ./prometheus_data:/prometheusports:- 19090:9090logging:options:max-size: "10m"cadvisor:image: gcr.io/cadvisor/cadvisor:latestcontainer_name: cadvisorrestart: unless-stoppednetworks:custom-bridge:volumes:- /:/rootfs:ro- /var/run:/var/run/:ro- /sys:/sys:ro- /var/lib/docker:/var/lib/docker:roports:- 9090:9090logging:options:max-size: "10m"
networks:custom-bridge:external: true

在拉取cadvisor镜像时可能遇到网络问题，解决方法是参考这篇文章：docker daemon配置网络代理

prometheus.yml

# my global config
global:scrape_interval: 15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.# scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:alertmanagers:- static_configs:- targets:# - alertmanager:9093# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:# - "first_rules.yml"# - "second_rules.yml"# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:# The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.- job_name: "prometheus"# metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'# scheme defaults to 'http'.static_configs:- targets: ["localhost:9090"]- job_name: cadvisorscrape_interval: 5sstatic_configs:- targets:- cadvisor:8080

创建数据文件夹并设置权限码

mkdir grafana-data
mkdir prometheus_data
chmod 777 grafana-data
chmod 777 prometheus_data

启动并进入grafana配置数据源

运行docker-compose up -d启动，启动后进入grafana网页端：http://pet.anarckk.me:3000/ ，默认账号密码是 admin/admin
点击add new connection

搜索并选择prometheus

修改connection地址

最后测试并保存

选择一个热门的dashboard引用过来

先创建一个dashboard

再找一个热门的dashboard，我这里用的是 https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/16314-docker-container-os-node-node-exporter-cadvisor/ ，dashboard id 是 16314

选择import dashboard

复制id进去，然后点击load

选择数据源prometheus, 最后再点击import

全部完成，到这里，就可以看到前面的dashboard效果了

prometheus也可以单独查询指定的指标

打开prometheus的网页端: http://pet.anarckk.me:19090/graph

# 查询容器的下行速度
rate(container_network_receive_bytes_total{name="alist"}[10s])
# 查询容器的上行速度
rate(container_network_transmit_bytes_total{name="alist"}[10s])