案例描述:
电脑主要组成部件为 CPU(用于计算),显卡(用于显示),内存条(用于存储) 将每个零件封装出抽象基类,并且提供不同的厂商生产不同的零件,例如Intel厂商和Lenovo厂商 创建电脑类提供让电脑工作的函数,并且调用每个零件工作的接口 测试时组装三台不同的电脑进行工作
案例分析:
代码示例:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<string>//抽象不同零件类
//抽象CPU类
class CPU
{
public://抽象的计算函数virtual void calculate() = 0;
};//抽象显卡类
class VideoCard
{
public://抽象的显示的函数virtual void display() = 0;
};//抽象内存类
class Memory
{
public://抽象的存储函数virtual void storage() = 0;
};//电脑类
class Computer
{
public:Computer(CPU* cpu, VideoCard* vc, Memory* mem){m_cpu = cpu;m_vc = vc;m_mem = mem;}//提供一个工作的函数void work(){//让零件工作起来,调用接口m_cpu->calculate();m_vc->display();m_mem->storage();}//提供析构函数释放3个电脑零件~Computer(){ //释放CPU零件if (m_cpu != NULL){delete m_cpu;m_cpu = NULL;}//释放显卡零件if (m_vc != NULL){delete m_vc;m_vc = NULL;}//释放内存零件if (m_mem != NULL){delete m_mem;m_mem = NULL;}}private:CPU *m_cpu;//CPU的零件指针VideoCard* m_vc;//显卡的零件指针Memory* m_mem;//内存条的零件指针};//具体厂商
//Inter厂商
class IntelCPU :public CPU
{
public:virtual void calculate(){cout << "Inter的CPU开始计算了" << endl;}
};class IntelVideoCard :public VideoCard
{
public:virtual void display(){cout << "Inter的显卡开始显示了" << endl;}
};class IntelMemory :public Memory
{
public:virtual void storage(){cout << "Inter的内存条开始存储了" << endl;}
};//Lenovo厂商
class LenovoCPU :public CPU
{
public:virtual void calculate(){cout << "Lenovo的CPU开始计算了" << endl;}
};class LenovoVideoCard :public VideoCard
{
public:virtual void display(){cout << "Lenovo的显卡开始显示了" << endl;}
};class LenovoMemory :public Memory
{
public:virtual void storage(){cout << "Lenovo的内存条开始存储了" << endl;}
};void test()
{//第一台电脑零件CPU* intelCpu = new IntelCPU;VideoCard* intelCard = new IntelVideoCard;Memory* intelMem = new IntelMemory;cout << "第一台电脑开始工作" << endl;//创建第一台电脑Computer* computer1 = new Computer(intelCpu, intelCard, intelMem);computer1->work();delete computer1;cout << "-----------------" << endl;cout << "第二台电脑开始工作" << endl;//第二台电脑组装 可以仿照上面,先创建零件再创建电脑,为了简便,写成以下方式Computer* computer2 = new Computer(new LenovoCPU, new LenovoVideoCard, new LenovoMemory);computer2->work();delete computer2;cout << "-----------------" << endl;cout << "第三台电脑开始工作" << endl;//第三台电脑组装Computer* computer3 = new Computer(new LenovoCPU, new IntelVideoCard, new LenovoMemory);computer3->work();delete computer3;}int main()
{test();return 0;
}