Runtime直接使用 docker exec mysql mysqldump -u%s -p%s cblog > %s（%s是需要填充的数据），命令无法执行并且不会报错，需要使用字符串数组加入"sh", “-c”，具体代码示例：

    /*** MySQL数据备份** @param dataPath 备份文件的保存路径* @throws IOException*/private void backupData(String dataPath) throws IOException {long start = System.currentTimeMillis();String cmd = String.format("docker exec mysql mysqldump -u%s -p%s cblog > %s", dataSourceProperties.getUsername(), dataSourceProperties.getPassword(), dataPath);String[] cmds = {"sh", "-c", cmd};log.debug("欲执行命令：{}", cmd);try (InputStream inputStream = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmds).getInputStream();InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);) {String line = bufferedReader.readLine();while (line != null) {log.debug(line);line = bufferedReader.readLine();}}long end = System.currentTimeMillis();log.info("mysql备份命令执行成功,耗时：{}ms", end - start);}